Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chiara Mignini, Fabrizio Cardone, Andrea Graziani
Summary: The complex modulus of CBTM mixtures, which are cold recycled materials containing both bituminous and cementitious binders, was characterized in this research. The study found that the composition of the aggregate skeleton and the fine aggregate matrix influenced the rheological behavior, and the aged binder in the reclaimed asphalt aggregate played a significant role.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Vittoria Grilli, Amedeo Virgili, Andrea Graziani
Summary: In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to characterize the complex modulus and fatigue properties of cold recycled materials mixtures with cement bitumen treatment. The results showed that the stiffness modulus values of small specimens were approximately 15% lower compared to the large specimens.
ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chiara Mignini, Fabrizio Cardone, Andrea Graziani
Summary: Cold recycling is a sustainable pavement rehabilitation technology. A multiscale study shows that the type of cement has a critical effect on the mechanical behavior of CBTM mixtures, and fine aggregate matrix mortars can offer excellent prediction of mixture mechanical properties.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Abbas Solouki, Alireza Fathollahi, Giovanni Viscomi, Piergiorgio Tataranni, Giovanni Valdre, Stephen J. Coupe, Cesare Sangiorgi
Summary: The study first determined the optimal calcination conditions for waste silt as 750 degrees C for 2 hours, and then found that adding 55% of silt as filler in geopolymer cement mixtures can improve compressive strength while meeting European standards.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chiara Mignini, Fabrizio Cardone, Andrea Graziani
Summary: This research investigates the complex modulus of fine aggregate matrix (FAM) mortars, which represent the binding matrix of CBTM mixtures. The study finds that the linear viscoelastic (LVE) behavior of FAM mortars is strongly influenced by the composition, particularly the bituminous components and cement. Additionally, the aged bitumen coating the reclaimed asphalt aggregate affects the LVE response of CBTM mortars and mixtures.
ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Simone Raschia, Herve Di Benedetto, Sebastien Lamothe, Alan Carter, Andrea Graziani, Daniel Perraton
Summary: This paper discusses the importance of rheological modeling for CBTM mixtures and introduces the DBN model as an effective tool for modeling in the small strain domain. Experimental results showed that the DBN model is recommended for wider application in experimental programs.
TRANSPORTATION GEOTECHNICS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ruxin Jing, Panos Apostolidis, Xueyan Liu, Robbert Naus, Sandra Erkens, Tom Skarpas
Summary: This study evaluated the re-usability of epoxy modified bitumen and found that diluting the epoxy binder can produce aging resistant binders, with aromatic-based agent having the most effective results.
ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Pablo Orosa, Ignacio Perez, Ana R. Pasandin, John E. Haddock
Summary: This study evaluates the effects of adding 1% Portland cement or 1% hydrated lime on the compactability and volumetric properties of 100% reclaimed asphalt pavement and bitumen emulsion Cold Recycled Mixtures (CRM). Dynamic triaxial tests were conducted to determine the influence of these active filler additions on the resilient modulus (Mr) of the mixtures. The results showed increased Mr values at lower temperatures and reduced stress dependencies for all mixtures, with cement addition improving compactability and hydrated lime addition resulting in greater increases in Mr and reduced stress dependencies. The results were analyzed using the Stress-Temperature Superposition Principle (STSP) for simpler and more straightforward analysis.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zili Zhao, Fujian Ni, Junqiu Zheng, Zhiqiang Cheng, Shengjia Xie
Summary: The curing effect on laboratory BE-CIR was evaluated by considering field-water evaporation and heat-transfer conditions. Testing results showed that the performance of the BE-CIR mixture with water addition was significantly different from that with no treatment, with higher moisture content and lower air void and ITS under the same curing time.
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Purbayan Ghosh Mondal, Kranthi K. Kuna
Summary: Both economic and environmental drivers support the use of low-energy technologies such as bitumen stabilisation with foamed bitumen. However, the mix design approach for bitumen stabilisation (BSM) differs from traditional methods for hot-mix asphalt (HMA) due to differences in composition, structure, and properties. This paper outlines the research development and evolution of mix design specifications for BSMs, compares design methods recommended by road agencies, and highlights knowledge gaps and the way forward for the widespread use of the material.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
William Fedrigo, Lucas Fraporti Heller, Lelio Antonio Teixeira Brito, Washington Peres Nunez
Summary: This study fills the research gap on the fatigue behavior of cold recycled cement-treated mixtures (CRCTMs) by conducting long-term curing fatigue tests and comparing the results with three different design methods. The experiment and modeling showed that CRCTMs with higher reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) contents exhibit superior fatigue behavior, while those with lower RAP contents experience abrupt stiffness loss, requiring thicker structures. The study also found that the MeDiNa method is more conservative and highlights the importance of calibration based on long-term pavement performance data.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Anmar Dulaimi, Shakir Al-Busaltan, Mustafa Amoori Kadhim, Ruqayah Al-Khafaji, Monower Sadique, Hassan Al Nageim, Raed Khalid Ibrahem, Jan Awrejcewicz, Witold Pawlowski, Jasim M. Mahdi
Summary: This research aims to explore the potential utilization of waste and by-product materials as fillers in cold mix asphalt, in order to achieve mechanical properties comparable to traditional hot mix asphalt. The test results have shown that the incorporation of waste materials can significantly improve the stiffness and strength of the cold mixtures.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Miao-Miao Song, Feng Ji, Gui-Zhong Xu, Fa-Hong Wu, Da Yao
Summary: This research found that low-temperature curing has a detrimental influence on the unconfined compressive strength of cemented lean clay. However, an increase in strength was observed when the curing temperature rose to 20 degrees C, and the recovery depended on the initial low-temperature curing time.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Songtao Lv, Chengdong Xia, Hongfu Liu, Lingyun You, Fangting Qu, Wenliang Zhong, Yi Yang, Sarah Washko
Summary: This study conducted experiments on the strength and fatigue damage characteristics of cement-treated aggregate base materials, revealing the mechanisms of the effects of curing periods and loading rates on flexural strength. The research established a unified relationship between construction quality control index and structural design parameter, providing a theoretical basis for durable semi-rigid asphalt pavement design.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PAVEMENT ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Justyna Stepien, Krzysztof Maciejewski
Summary: This paper presents the preliminary research on the use of reclaimed cement concrete in cold-recycled mixes with foamed bitumen. The results show that the addition of reclaimed cement concrete can slightly increase the compressive strength of the mixture, but the differences are not statistically significant. This may be attributed to the time interval between demolition and new pavement construction and the presence of bitumen.
Article
Materials Science, Characterization & Testing
Chiara Mignini, Amedeo Virgili, Andrea Graziani
Summary: This research investigates the effect of different composition factors on the densification behavior of CRAMs. A new empirical modeling approach is proposed to analyze the densification curves and determine the grading distribution as the main controlling parameter.
JOURNAL OF TESTING AND EVALUATION
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lwiza Meknaci, Andrea Graziani, Chiara Mignini, Ahmed Djafar Henni, Miomir Miljkovic
Summary: This research aimed to investigate the curing behavior of mortars prepared with different types of emulsions and sands, highlighting the importance of intrinsic properties of cationic emulsions and their compatibility with sand particles. The results showed that the estimated long-term indirect tensile strength at 5 degrees C of the mortars ranged from 1.14 to 1.52 MPa.
ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Fabrizio Cardone, Sara Spadoni, Gilda Ferrotti, Francesco Canestrari
Summary: This study evaluates the mechanical properties of asphalt mixtures modified with two different plastomeric compounds, one consisting of plastomeric polymers and the other made of recycled plastic and graphene. The results show that the modified mixtures have comparable performance to the reference mixture. However, field tests reveal a reduced structural response in sections constructed with the compound modified mixtures.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Physical
Gilda Ferrotti, Andrea Graziani
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Graziani, Andrea Grilli, Chiara Mignini, Alex Balzi
Summary: Cold recycling techniques in road construction have gained increasing interest due to their significant environmental benefits in terms of energy saving, emission reduction, and preservation of natural resources. The evolutive development of performance, known as the curing process, is one of the main differences between cold and hot techniques. Environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, wind, and rainfall greatly influence the curing process and, consequently, the properties of the mixture over time. The relationship between laboratory simulative procedures and field conditions remains a challenge.
ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sara Spadoni, Andrea Graziani, Francesco Canestrari
Summary: Grouted macadam (GM), made of an open-graded asphalt skeleton filled with a cementitious grout, is commonly used in semi-flexible pavements due to its high stiffness and rutting resistance. Although GM can meet the engineering properties required by ports, airports, and industrial pavements, its global application is limited. The stiffening contribution of the grout improves fatigue life, but may also lead to brittle behavior.
CASE STUDIES IN CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chiara Mignini, Fabrizio Cardone, Andrea Graziani
Summary: The complex modulus of CBTM mixtures, which are cold recycled materials containing both bituminous and cementitious binders, was characterized in this research. The study found that the composition of the aggregate skeleton and the fine aggregate matrix influenced the rheological behavior, and the aged binder in the reclaimed asphalt aggregate played a significant role.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Enrico Mancinelli, Umberto Rizza, Francesco Canestrari, Andrea Graziani, Simone Virgili, Giorgio Passerini
Summary: The aim of this study is to analyze the changes in habits and modes of transport of travelers departing from airports and ports during the COVID-19 outbreak. The survey results show that during the pandemic, there was a decrease in the use of public transport among travelers, with more people choosing their own vehicles to travel to/from airports and ports due to safety and hygiene concerns. Additionally, both during and after the pandemic, travelers generally consider health factors when choosing their transportation mode.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ingrid Camargo, Bernhard Hofko, Andrea Graziani, Vittoria Grilli
Summary: Using reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) instead of virgin materials can reduce environmental impacts and costs. This study evaluates the feasibility of using DLTDP as a regeneration agent for RAP binders. Results show that DLTDP can partially restore the rheological and chemical composition of RAP binders without compromising adhesion properties and rutting resistance.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Andrea Grilli, Alex Balzi
Summary: Local Road Administrations (LRA) manage wide and fragmented road networks with limited resources, hindering the implementation of new technologies and advancements. A customised pavement management system (PMS) is recommended to help LRA define workflows, make investments, and find cost-effective solutions. To promote sustainable development, eco-sustainable techniques should be incorporated into the PMS to preserve natural resources and stimulate local economic growth.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Vittoria Grilli, Amedeo Virgili, Andrea Graziani
Summary: In this study, laboratory experiments were conducted to characterize the complex modulus and fatigue properties of cold recycled materials mixtures with cement bitumen treatment. The results showed that the stiffness modulus values of small specimens were approximately 15% lower compared to the large specimens.
ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chiara Mignini, Fabrizio Cardone, Andrea Graziani
Summary: This research investigates the complex modulus of fine aggregate matrix (FAM) mortars, which represent the binding matrix of CBTM mixtures. The study finds that the linear viscoelastic (LVE) behavior of FAM mortars is strongly influenced by the composition, particularly the bituminous components and cement. Additionally, the aged bitumen coating the reclaimed asphalt aggregate affects the LVE response of CBTM mortars and mixtures.
ROAD MATERIALS AND PAVEMENT DESIGN
(2023)
