Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tiecheng Zhong, Zonggui Wang, Sayeman Islam Niloy, Yue Shen, Stephen T. O'Rourke, Chengwen Sun
Summary: Cardiac hypertrophy is initially an adaptive response to cardiac overload, but can progress to decompensation, leading to heart failure and sudden cardiac death. This study found that both PI3KC1 and PI3KC3 are involved in Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy, with PI3KC1 inhibiting autophagy activity leading to ROS accumulation and hypertrophy, while PI3KC3 activation improving autophagy activity, reducing ROS production, and providing a protective effect against Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Shasha Bai, Sainan Cui, Wenhao Wen, Elaine Lai-Han Leung, Jing Bai, Huiyuan Lin, Yongfei Cui, Lei Yang, Zhongqiu Liu, Yuan Zheng, Rong Zhang
Summary: Tan IIA, an active ingredient of Salvia miltiorrhiza, inhibits lung cancer growth by inducing autophagic apoptosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zaid I. I. Al-Luhaibi, Aron Dernovics, Gyorgy Seprenyi, Ferhan Ayaydin, Zsolt Boldogkoi, Zoltan Vereb, Klara Megyeri
Summary: The combination of IL-36 alpha and LPS treatment synergistically enhanced autophagic activity by increasing levels of key proteins, stimulating autophagic flux, and promoting intracellular redistribution of autophagosomes. The cytokine/PAMP combination triggered pro-autophagic biased signaling by multiple mechanisms, suggesting potential implications in the pathogenesis of Gram-negative bacterial infections.
Article
Immunology
A. Movaqar, A. Abdoli, E. Aryan, Z. Meshkat
Summary: The study demonstrates that autophagy activation can significantly reduce virus yield in neuroblastoma cells while decreasing HSV-1 propagation in HeLa cells. However, HSV-1 proliferation increases in both cell types and maintains its ability to propagate even under high autophagic activity. Overactivation of autophagy only slows down the rate of virus replication.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Lawrence M. Schwartz
Summary: Cell death is a normal and essential component of development and homeostasis, but dysregulation of this process underlies most human diseases. Autophagy is a process mediated by the formation of double membrane vesicles, which allows cells to survive stresses and may also mediate cell death during development and pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongmei Zhou, Hong Ling, Yunlong Li, Xuejun Jiang, Shuqun Cheng, Golamaully Mohammad Zubeir, Yinyin Xia, Xia Qin, Jun Zhang, Zhen Zou, Chengzhi Chen
Summary: Exposure to arsenite causes brain damage, induces autophagy, and impairs autophagic flux. Downregulation of beclin 1 can restore impaired autophagic flux by improving lysosomal function.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Chao Zeng, Zhixuan Zhang, Wei Luo, Liyang Wang, Hang Zhou, Chunlai Nie
Summary: ABT-199 activates the JNK-Akt-14-3-3 signaling pathway to induce Beclin-1-dependent autophagic death in solid tumors.
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Yanfei He, Huaqing Lu, Yuting Zhao
Summary: Autophagy activation plays a crucial role in many diseases, but the development of specific activators remains a challenge. Tat-BECN1 peptide is a candidate specific activator that initiates autophagy through specific molecular mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Kristina Ames, Kira Gritsman
Summary: Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal malignancy that arises from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), and dysregulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway is often observed in MDS. In this study, a mouse model with PI3K deficiency in hematopoietic cells was generated to investigate the impact of PI3K inactivation on HSC function. The results showed that PI3K deficiency caused cytopenias, reduced survival, and multilineage dysplasia with chromosomal abnormalities, resembling MDS initiation. Additionally, impaired autophagy was observed in PI3K-deficient HSCs, and treatment with autophagy-inducing reagents improved HSC differentiation. Similar autophagic degradation defects were also found in MDS patient HSCs, suggesting a crucial protective role of Class IA PI3K in maintaining autophagic flux in HSCs for the preservation of self-renewal and differentiation balance.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jia Zhang, Wei Mao, Yuying Liu, Jian Ding, Jie Wang, Ziwei Yu, Ruofei Huang, Sen Yang, Ying Sun, Pin Dong
Summary: Enhanced autophagy is a crucial factor contributing to cisplatin resistance in FaDu cells. The use of 3-MA can significantly reduce autophagy levels, arrest the cell cycle, promote apoptosis, and reverse cisplatin resistance, partly by inhibiting Beclin-1 expression. This provides a theoretical basis for 3-MA application in overcoming cisplatin resistance in hypopharyngeal cancer.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Runan Yan, Wei Gao, Wenjia Chen, Yue Liu, Li Shen, Yue Dai, Rui Xu, Qing Chang, Yu Fu, Yong Zhao
Summary: TFPI plays a protective role in cardiomyocyte ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury. It reduces cardiomyocyte damage by inhibiting autophagy and alleviating oxidative stress.
CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nang Lae Lae Phoo, Pornngarm Dejkriengkraikul, Patompong Khaw-On, Supachai Yodkeeree
Summary: The study identified AKR1C1 and 1C3 as key regulators of cisplatin resistance in signet ring cell gastric carcinoma (SRCGC) through modulation of redox-dependent autophagy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Sara Monaci, Federica Coppola, Daniela Rossi, Gaia Giuntini, Irene Filippi, Giuseppe Marotta, Silvano Sozzani, Fabio Carraro, Antonella Naldini
Summary: Hypoxia-induced autophagy in dendritic cells is regulated by PI3Ks, especially Vps34. The study highlights the role of autophagy in maintaining DC homeostasis and inflammatory response levels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhikun Shi, Hao Yuan, Lanqing Cao, Yang Lin
Summary: Resistance to cisplatin-based chemotherapy is a major obstacle in treating ovarian cancer, but chemotherapy-resistant tumor cells may have vulnerability to other cell death pathways. Our study found that cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells are more susceptible to erastin-induced ferroptosis, which is not due to the weakening of classical ferroptosis defense proteins but the reduction of ferritin heavy chain (FTH1). These resistant cells maintain high levels of autophagy to evade chemotherapy, leading to increased autophagic degradation of FTH1. Loss of AKT1 was identified as the reason for the elevated autophagy level in cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Our findings provide new insights into reversing cisplatin resistance by targeting the ferroptosis pathway, with AKT1 potentially serving as a molecular marker for susceptibility to ferroptosis.
BIOCHEMISTRY AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Kelin She, Shushuai He, Xiao Lu, Shaoqi Yu, Mengna Li, Wei Xiong, Ming Zhou
Summary: The study reveals that lncRNA SNHG7 plays a role in promoting malignant behaviors and chemoresistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells, potentially through the induction of autophagic activity.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Shang-Chih Lai, Ren-In You, Tz-Ting Chen, Yu Chang, Chao-Zong Liu, Hao-Ping Chen, Chunhung Wu
Summary: This study introduced a new high-throughput method for screening and identifying the authenticity of commercial frankincense products, which is important in preventing counterfeit products flooding the market.
COMBINATORIAL CHEMISTRY & HIGH THROUGHPUT SCREENING
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Yun-chi Wang, Zhi-hong Wang, Te-chun Shen, Wen-shin Chang, Si-zein Huang, Chien-chih Yu, Jaw-chyun Chen, Yu-chen Hsiau, Jai-sing Yang, Chia-wen Tsai, Da-tian Bau
Summary: The variant genotypes of IL-12A rs568408 and rs2243115 were not found to be significantly associated with elevated breast cancer risk, indicating that these genotypes may not be good predictors for breast cancer risk.
ANTICANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jai-Sing Yang, Chia-Yu Kang, Chiu-Hsian Su, Chao-Jung Chen, Yu-Jen Chiu, Yuan-Man Hsu
Summary: This study investigated the expression levels of heat shock proteins in Helicobacter pylori-infected gastric adenocarcinoma cells and found that H. pylori decreases the expression of heat shock proteins in these cells through the regulation of EIF2 and BAG2 signaling pathways.
ANTICANCER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu-Jen Chiu, Jai-Sing Yang, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Hong-Yi Chiu, Yu-Ning Juan, Yu-Hsiang Lo, Jo-Hua Chiang
Summary: This study identified the resistance of melanoma to vemurafenib and revealed that curcumin can induce apoptosis in vemurafenib-resistant melanoma cells by regulating the EGFR signaling pathway, suggesting curcumin as a potential therapeutic candidate for vemurafenib-resistant melanoma treatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ching-Wen Huang, Hai-Anh Ha, Shih-Chang Tsai, Chi-Cheng Lu, Chao-Ying Lee, Yuh-Feng Tsai, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Yu-Jen Chiu, Guo-Kai Wang, Chung-Hua Hsu, Jai-Sing Yang
Summary: The herbal formula Huang-Lian-Shang-Qing-Wan (HLSQW) shows potential anti-viral effects against SARS-CoV-2 by targeting various pathways and gene expression. Bioactive compounds within HLSQW may reduce proinflammatory factors production, suppressing the cytokine storm in severe COVID-19 patients. Additionally, HLSQW components exhibit high binding affinity to the active site of 3-chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease, inhibiting SARS-CoV-2 replication.
NATURAL PRODUCT COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shih-Hua Fang, Chi-Cheng Lu, Hua-Wei Lin, Kuan-Chen Kuo, Chen-Yu Sun, Yi-Ying Chen, Wen-Dien Chang
Summary: This study examines the acute effects of nicotine gum on physiological responses and sports performance in baseball players. The results show that chewing nicotine gum can induce changes in endocrine and sympathetic nerve activity, enhance cognitive function and baseball-hitting performance, but does not increase muscle strength.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tsung-Jung Ho, Jung-Hsing Lin, Shinn Zong Lin, Wan-Ting Tsai, Jia-Ru Wu, Hao-Ping Chen
Summary: Tortoiseshell and deer antler gelatin have been used in Chinese medicine to treat bone diseases. A gelatin peptide, TSKYR, has been identified with osteoblast-proliferation-stimulating properties. The peptide TSK has shown significant increases in mineralized nodule area and density in osteoblast cells, as well as an increase in chondrocyte cell number. The synergistic effects of calcium ions and the peptides have been observed in osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Da-Tian Bau, Ting-Yuan Liu, Chia-Wen Tsai, Wen-Shin Chang, Jian Gu, Jai-Sing Yang, Liang-Chun Shih, Fuu-Jen Tsai
Summary: Taiwan has the highest incidence rate of oral cancer in the world. A genome-wide association study identified several susceptibility loci for oral cancer in the Taiwanese population, highlighting the importance of both genetic and environmental factors. This study provides important insights into the etiology of oral cancer in Taiwan.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Ming-Ru Chiang, Li-Chun Shih, Chi-Cheng Lu, Shih-Hua Fang
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the training and competition of athletes, leading to hesitancy in getting vaccinated. This study examined the inflammatory responses and menstrual cycles of female athletes before and after COVID-19 vaccination. The results showed that the vaccines did not significantly affect blood cell counts, inflammatory markers, or menstruation in female athletes.
PHYSIOLOGICAL REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jia-Ru Wu, Pei-Chieh Lu, Aye Aye Khine, Sailent Rizki Sari Simaremare, Chien-Chi Hung, Lin-Ming Yiin, Tsung-Jung Ho, Chi-Hua Tung, Hao-Ping Chen
Summary: This study investigates the structural and functional relationship between Borneol dehydrogenase (BDH) and 3-quinuclidinone reductase (QR). The results show that BDH can catalyze the conversion of 3-quinuclidinone into (R)-3-(-)-quinuclidinol, while QR cannot act on (+)-/(-)-borneol.
BIOCATALYSIS AND BIOTRANSFORMATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jo-Hua Chiang, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Tsai-Hsiu Lin, Jai-Sing Yang, Yu-Jen Chiu
Summary: This study demonstrated the potential of the fungus Tremella fuciformis (TF) as a novel skin-whitening agent by inhibiting melanogenesis and promoting wound healing in vitro.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuh-Feng Tsai, Jai-Sing Yang, Yu-Jen Chiu, Chia-Wen Tsai, Da-Tian Bau, Wen-Shin Chang
Summary: This study investigates the effect of gadodiamide, a gadolinium-based contrast agent, on human keratinocytes. The results show that gadodiamide treatment significantly reduces cell viability and induces both autophagy and apoptosis in HaCaT cells. The expression of Bcl-2 is inhibited while the expression of Bax is promoted by gadodiamide.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Yu-Jen Chiu, Jo-Hua Chiang, Chih-Wei Fu, Mann-Jen Hour, Hai-Anh Ha, Sheng-Chu Kuo, Jen-Jyh Lin, Ching-Chang Cheng, Shih-Chang Tsai, Yu-Shiang Lo, Yu-Ning Juan, Yih-Dih Cheng, Jai-Sing Yang, Fuu-Jen Tsai
Summary: COVID-19 has spread rapidly worldwide, with the Taiwanese government implementing effective measures in the early stages. This review covers clinical characteristics, preventive strategies, therapeutic drugs, and research directions for COVID-19.
BIOMEDICINE-TAIWAN
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yu-Jen Chiu, Yu-Hsiang Lo, Jai-Sing Yang, Sheng-Chu Kuo, Shih-Chang Tsai
Summary: The study showed that MTH-3 could reduce oil droplet production induced by PA and promote glucose uptake, potentially becoming an effective drug for insulin resistance and related diseases.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yuh-Feng Tsai, Jai-Sing Yang, Fuu-Jen Tsai, Yih-Dih Cheng, Yu-Jen Chiu, Shih-Chang Tsai
Summary: High concentrations of iopromide induce cell damage, apoptosis, and autophagy by down-regulating AKT and ROS-activated cellular stress pathways in HEK 293 cells.
