Article
Clinical Neurology
Katherine Longardner, Aristide Merola, Irene Litvan, Alberto Maria De Stefano, Simona Maule, Fabrizio Vallelonga, Leonardo Lopiano, Alberto Romagnolo
Summary: Cardiovascular dysautonomia was associated with a sevenfold higher risk of developing dementia and a fivefold higher risk of falls in PD patients, as well as significantly higher impairment in ADLs and HRQoL. No relevant associations were found between the other autonomic domains and these outcomes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Alexandre Vallee
Summary: Long COVID-19 patients frequently report anosmia as a persisting symptom, which has been linked to neurological dysregulations. The involvement of the autonomic nervous system may contribute to various neurological symptoms, including anosmia, but this area has not been extensively explored. Studies have shown that anosmia in COVID-19 patients could be caused by damage to olfactory sensory neurons and subsequent toxic build-up in the brain.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lorena Cuenca-Bermejo, Pilar Almela, Javier Navarro-Zaragoza, Emiliano Fernandez Villalba, Ana-Maria Gonzalez-Cuello, Maria-Luisa Laorden, Maria-Trinidad Herrero
Summary: Dysautonomia is a common non-motor symptom in Parkinson's disease, mainly characterized by alterations in the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The imbalance of these nervous system components may lead to cardiovascular abnormalities, particularly tachycardia and vasoconstriction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Aliyah Glover, Lakshmi Pillai, Rohit Dhall, Tuhin Firmani
Summary: Olfactory dysfunction in Parkinson's disease can be detected before motor symptoms, and a specific pattern of odorant identification on the UPSIT may discriminate between patients with and without freezing of gait. Freezers showed more severe hyposmia and had significantly worse identification of nine odors compared to non-freezers. A 3-odorant score can effectively categorize freezers and non-freezers with similar sensitivity and specificity to short odorant Parkinson's disease identification batteries.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bonn Lee, Charlotte Edling, Shiraz Ahmad, Fiona E. N. Lebeau, Gary Tse, Kamalan Jeevaratnam
Summary: This study reviewed clinical and non-clinical literature on cardiovascular disease risks, electrocardiograms, neurocardiac lesions in Parkinson's disease, and fundamental electrophysiological studies. Pathological evidence suggests that the hearts of Parkinson's disease patients may undergo alpha-synucleinopathy. Future research is needed to integrate cardiac electrophysiology and pathological alterations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Casper Skjaerbaek, Karoline Knudsen, Jacob Horsager, Per Borghammer
Summary: Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by pathological alpha-synuclein deposits in both the brain and the entire digestive tract. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as dysphagia, bloating, and constipation are common in PD patients. The accumulation of gastrointestinal pathology may begin years before a clinical diagnosis of PD, with constipation shown to increase the risk of PD and truncal vagotomy potentially decreasing the risk.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiao-yi Kuai, Xiao-han Yao, Li-juan Xu, Yu-qing Zhou, Li-ping Zhang, Yi Liu, Shao-fang Pei, Chun-li Zhou
Summary: The study showed that fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is effective in improving gastrointestinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease patients, significantly reducing both motor and non-motor symptoms, regulating the gut microbiota structure, restoring intestinal bacterial overgrowth, and improving constipation symptoms.
MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Valeria C. Goncalves, Lorena Cuenca-Bermejo, Emiliano Fernandez-Villalba, Sebastian Martin-Balbuena, Maria Jose da Silva Fernandes, Carla A. Scorza, Maria-Trinidad Herrero
Summary: It has been over 200 years since James Parkinson first described Parkinson's disease. Despite improvements in knowledge, there is currently no way to prevent the progressive nature of the disease. Early diagnosis through recognition of non-motor symptoms is crucial for better understanding and management of the disease, including its relationship to cardiovascular parameters.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Li Xie, Dongmei Chen, Xinghui Zhu, Cisong Cheng
Summary: In this study, a meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of probiotic therapy in treating constipation in patients with Parkinson's disease. The results showed that probiotics can improve constipation symptoms, increase stool frequency, improve stool consistency, reduce laxative use, and alleviate motor symptoms. No significant adverse events were observed.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Silvia Morbelli, Silvia Chiola, Maria Isabella Donegani, Dario Arnaldi, Matteo Pardini, Raffaele Mancini, Francesco Lanfranchi, Francesca D'amico, Matteo Bauckneht, Alberto Miceli, Erica Biassoni, Beatrice Orso, Emanuela Barisione, Luana Benedetti, Sambuceti Gianmario, Flavio Nobili
Summary: The metabolic signature of persistent hyposmia after COVID-19 involves brain regions associated with olfactory perception and does not overlap with the metabolic correlates of hyposmia in Parkinson's disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shih-Chen Fu, Chung-Han Lee, Yi-Chen Hsieh, Pei-Hua Wu, Sheng-Hsuan Lin, Hsiuying Wang
Summary: This study suggests that discomfort induced by entacapone may be related to shifts in microbial composition, leading to gastrointestinal problems and other side effects. Manipulation of gut microbiota could potentially reduce these unpleasant effects in the long term.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shih-Chen Fu, Ling-Chieh Shih, Pei-Hua Wu, Yi-Chen Hsieh, Chung-Han Lee, Sheng-Hsuan Lin, Hsiuying Wang
Summary: The study found that gut dysbiosis plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of constipation-related Parkinson's disease, mainly through the reduction of SCFA-producing bacteria. Mediation analysis showed that up to 76.56% of the impact of constipation on Parkinson's disease was mediated through intestinal microbial alteration.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alfonso E. Martinez-Nunez, Kaitie Latack, Miguel Situ-Kcomt, Abhimanyu Mahajan
Summary: This study found no association between smell dysfunction and apathy in patients with early Parkinson's disease. This result is important for understanding the pathogenesis of apathy symptoms in PD.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Szu-Ju Chen, Yu-Jun Wu, Chieh-Chang Chen, Yu-Wei Wu, Jyh-Ming Liou, Ming-Shiang Wu, Ching-Hua Kuo, Chin-Hsien Lin
Summary: Plasma levels of aromatic amino acids are elevated in Parkinson's disease patients and correlated with disease severity and gut microbiota changes.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Seokmoon Han, Inki Moon, Eue-Keun Choi, Kyung-Do Han, Hae-Chan Cho, Seo-Young Lee, Seokhun Yang, Soonil Kwon, You-jung Choi, Hyun-Jung Lee, Euijae Lee, So-Ryung Lee, Seil Oh
Summary: The study found that patients with Parkinson's disease, especially those in younger age groups, have an increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Active monitoring and management of atrial fibrillation should be considered to prevent complications.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Adam Margolius, Hubert H. Fernandez
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Kamieniarz, Justyna Michalska, Wojciech Marszalek, Magdalena Stania, Kajetan J. Slomka, Agnieszka Gorzkowska, Grzegorz Juras, Michael S. Okun, Evangelos A. Christou
Summary: Balance changes in early and moderate stage PD were quantified and compared to healthy controls using clinical assessments and posturography. Power spectral density of the center of pressure differentiated PD stages, indicating early balance deficits. Larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these findings.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bhavana Patel, Joseph Legacy, Michael S. Okun, Karen Wheeler-Hegland, Nicole E. Herndon
EXPERT REVIEW OF GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anson B. Rosenfeldt, Mandy Miller Koop, Hubert H. Fernandez, Jay L. Alberts
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of high-intensity exercise on information processing and movement execution in individuals with Parkinson's disease. The results showed that aerobic exercise improved movement execution and information processing, with improvements persisting even after the exercise intervention ceased. Antiparkinsonian medication improved motor execution, but not information processing. The findings suggest that high-intensity exercise may enhance neural processing and non-motor pathways, providing a potential candidate for disease modification.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Adrianna M. Ratajska, Francesca Lopez, Lauren Kenney, Charles Jacobson, Kelly D. Foote, Michael S. Okun, Dawn Bowers
Summary: The study identified three cognitive subtypes of ET patients undergoing DBS, with 27.4% meeting criteria for MCI. The majority of MCI cases were in the Low Executive or Low Memory Multi-Domain groups, with the latter having a higher percentage of members classified as MCI. Future work should focus on examining these subgroups for progression to dementia.
CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGIST
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Bhavana Patel, Shannon Chiu, Joshua K. Wong, Addie Patterson, Wissam Deeb, Matthew Burns, Pamela Zeilman, Aparna Wagle-Shukla, Leonardo Almeida, Michael S. Okun, Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora
Summary: The article reviews basic basal ganglia physiology, mechanisms of DBS, and technical aspects. It discusses new DBS technologies for movement disorders and the use of potential biomarkers. The introduction of DBS for movement disorders has expanded treatment options and new technologies have emerged to address challenges associated with neuromodulation.
EXPERT REVIEW OF MEDICAL DEVICES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Anthony Rainey, Neal Weisbrod, Michael S. Okun
Summary: A patient presented with subacute ascending numbness and was diagnosed with nitrous oxide toxicity from recreational drug abuse. Characteristic neuroimaging was presented and the diagnostic process for this condition was reviewed.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Adrianna M. Ratajska, Anne N. Nisenzon, Francesca Lopez, Alexandra L. Clark, Didem Gokcay, Michael S. Okun, Dawn Bowers
Summary: The study found that patients with left-sided symptom onset in Parkinson's disease were slower to initiate anger and happiness facial expressions compared to patients with right-sided symptom onset and healthy controls.
Article
Neurosciences
Takashi Tsuboi, Yuki Satake, Keita Hiraga, Katsunori Yokoi, Makoto Hattori, Masashi Suzuki, Kazuhiro Hara, Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora, Michael S. Okun, Masahisa Katsuno
Summary: Selegiline, rasagiline, and safinamide, three MAO-BIs drugs, have different effects on the quality of life and non-motor symptoms of patients with Parkinson's disease. However, the understanding of these effects is still unclear and further high-quality studies are needed to verify them.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Adrianna M. Ratajska, Bonnie M. Scott, Francesca V. Lopez, Lauren E. Kenney, Kelly D. Foote, Michael S. Okun, Catherine Price, Dawn Bowers
Summary: This study compared the severity of mood symptoms in PD, ET, and HC groups and examined the relationship between mood and cognition. The results showed that both PD and ET groups reported more mood symptoms and lower cognitive scores compared to the HC group. The relationship between mood and cognition differed between PD and ET groups.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Bonnie M. Scott, Robert S. Eisinger, Amtul-noor Rana, Jared F. Benge, Robin C. Hilsabeck, Michael S. Okun, Aysegul Gunduz, Dawn Bowers
Summary: Patients with both apathy and ICD exhibit significantly greater symptoms of positive and negative urgency, consummatory anhedonia, lack of premeditation and perseverance. Patients with apathy only showed significantly greater anticipatory anhedonia than those with ICD only or neither.
APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Bradley J. Wilkes, Emily R. Tobin, David J. Arpin, Wei-en Wang, Michael S. Okun, Michael S. Jaffee, Nikolaus R. McFarland, Daniel M. Corcos, David E. Vaillancourt
Summary: Objective measures of disease progression using the Purdue Pegboard Test (PPT) were conducted in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), atypical Parkinsonism, and healthy controls. The decline in PPT performance in PD patients correlated with motor symptom progression, while no such decline was seen in controls. Neuroimaging measures from the basal ganglia were significant predictors of PPT performance in PD, and cortical, basal ganglia, and cerebellar regions were predictors for atypical Parkinsonism. Accelerometry in PD patients showed diminished acceleration range and irregular patterns, which correlated with PPT scores.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Robert S. Eisinger, Michael S. Okun, Stephanie Cernera, Jackson Cagle, Matthew Beke, Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora, B. Hope Kim, Daniel A. N. Barbosa, Liming Qiu, Pavan Vaswani, Whitley W. Aamodt, Casey H. Halpern, Kelly D. Foote, Aysegul Gunduz, Leonardo Almeida
Summary: Weight loss in Parkinson's disease patients accelerates before death. Patients who underwent deep brain stimulation surgery gained weight, and higher post-operative weight correlates with longer survival.
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yoon Jin Choi, Basma Yacoubi, Agostina Casamento-Moran, Stefan Delmas, Bradley J. Wilkes, Christopher W. Hess, Aparna Wagle Shukla, Kelly D. Foote, David E. Vaillancourt, Michael S. Okun, Evangelos A. Christou
Summary: The study found that VIM DBS was effective in improving gait and balance in ET DBS patients. The improvements in gait and postural balance were associated with a reduction in axial tremor during the tasks.
TREMOR AND OTHER HYPERKINETIC MOVEMENTS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alaina Giacobbe, Ka Loong Kelvin Au, Oliver T. Nguyen, Kathryn Moore, Emily Dinh, Adolfo Ramirez-Zamora, Michael S. Okun, Leonardo Almeida
Summary: The study found that movement disorders patients from underserved areas traveled further for specialized care compared to closer centers. Reasons for underutilization of closer care could include research opportunities, availability of specific treatments or procedures, insurance restrictions, and limited specialist availability. Despite this, underserved patients were underrepresented at the institution, highlighting the need for increased awareness of care options for this population.
TREMOR AND OTHER HYPERKINETIC MOVEMENTS
(2021)