Article
Clinical Neurology
Petyo Nikolov, Thomas J. Baumgarten, Shady S. Hassan, Sarah N. Meissner, Nur-Deniz Fuellenbach, Gerald Kircheis, Dieter Haessinger, Markus S. Joerdens, Markus Butz, Alfons Schnitzler, Stefan J. Groiss
Summary: The study revealed reduced synaptic plasticity of the primary motor cortex in patients with hepatic encephalopathy (HE), likely caused by disturbances in glutamatergic neurotransmission due to hyperammonemia in HE patients. This decrease in synaptic plasticity may provide a link between molecular level changes and early clinical symptoms of the disease.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Giacomo Guidali, Michela Picardi, Chiara Gramegna, Nadia Bolognini
Summary: Mirror PAS (m-PAS) can induce a new, atypical pattern of cortico-spinal excitability by repeatedly pairing TMS pulses and visual stimuli depicting finger movements. This technique can drive new associations between action perception and motor programs, which can be measured both at a neurophysiological and behavioral level.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shane M. Fresnoza, Giorgi Batsikadze, Lynn Elena Mueller, Constanze Rost, Michael Chamoun, Walter Paulus, Min-Fang Kuo, Michael A. Nitsche
Summary: Dopamine plays a crucial role in neuroplasticity and has dosage-dependent effects on motor cortex plasticity. Different dosages of dopamine precursor such as L-DOPA can either impair, abolish, preserve, or reverse plasticity in healthy individuals. Similarly, selective D1-like and D2-like receptor activation has excitatory and inhibitory effects on plasticity. However, the effects of nonselective dopamine agonists like apomorphine on plasticity have not been extensively explored in humans.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Julio C. Hernandez-Pavon, Arantzazu San Agustin, Max C. Wang, Domenica Veniero, Jose L. Pons
Summary: The objective of this article is to systematically review the efficacy of ccPAS in inducing plasticity in humans, with a focus on stimulation parameters and hypotheses of underlying neurophysiology. The review found that ccPAS can modulate brain connectivity depending on the interstimulus intervals, and it has the potential for basic research and potential clinical applications. This article highlights the importance of targeting multiple brain areas to study brain connectivity in the field of transcranial magnetic stimulation.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mohd Faizal Mohd Zulkifly, Ornela Merkohitaj, Juergen Brockmoeller, Walter Paulus
Summary: The study investigated the impact of caffeine on brain plasticity and found that it increased motor cortex excitability in caffeine-naive subjects, enhanced PAS 25 effects, and affected alertness and motor evoked potentials under light deprivation. Time of day had no effect on tACS-induced plasticity in caffeine consumers.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Arantzazu San Agustin, Guillermo Asin-Prieto, Juan C. Moreno, Antonio Oliviero, Jose L. Pons
Summary: Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) can modulate cortico-spinal excitability and improve motor performance, as shown in a study using a customized video game. This finding highlights the potential of using TMS in neurorehabilitation strategies for complex movements.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Timothy S. Pulverenti, Morad Zaaya, Monika Grabowski, Ewelina Grabowski, Md Anamul Islam, Jeffrey Li, Lynda M. Murray, Maria Knikou
Summary: This study investigated the neurophysiological changes in spinal cord injury patients undergoing locomotor training with combined transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcutaneous thoracolumbar spinal (transspinal) stimulation. The results showed that TMS-transspinal stimulation promotes functional reorganization of spinal networks during stepping, while transspinal-TMS stimulation induces less pronounced effects. Both stimulation protocols resulted in beneficial changes in motor activity and motoneuron depolarization during assisted stepping.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sinan Yasaroglu, Joachim Liepert
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the changes in motor excitability and motor performance induced by a single session of anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in stroke patients. The results showed that anodal tDCS significantly reduced short interval intracortical inhibition (SICI) without affecting intracortical facilitation (ICF) or long interval intracortical inhibition (LICI). Cathodal tDCS did not change motor excitability. Both types of tDCS did not alter motor performance. The SICI in the affected hemisphere was lower than in the unaffected hemisphere even before anodal tDCS, and it was correlated with changes in motor performance after anodal tDCS.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Charlotte Rosso, Eric Moulton, Claire Kemlin, Sara Leder, Jean-Christophe Corvol, Sophien Mehdi, Mickael A. Obadia, Mickael Obadia, Marion Yger, Elena Meseguer, Vincent Perlbarg, Romain Valabregue, Serena Magno, Pavel Lindberg, Sabine Meunier, Jean-Charles Lamy
Summary: This study investigates the effectiveness of cerebello-motor paired associative stimulation combined with physiotherapy in enhancing upper limb motor function after stroke. The results show that this approach is effective in improving hand dexterity and is associated with increased activation in the ipsilesional primary motor cortex. The inter-individual variability in clinical improvement is partly explained by the structural integrity of the input and output pathways.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nan Chen, Xiao Qiu, Yan Hua, Jian Hu, Yulong Bai
Summary: This study aimed to observe the efficacy and explore the possible neurophysiological mechanism of applying sequential inhibitory and facilitatory rTMS for upper limb motor dysfunction post-stroke. The results showed that this therapy significantly promoted motor recovery in the patient, possibly by enhancing excitability in the ipsilesional hemisphere, restoring interhemispheric balance, and inducing cortical reorganization through neuroplasticity.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ryoki Sasaki, Wei-Yeh Liao, George M. Opie, John G. Semmler
Summary: Repetitive paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation can enhance the plasticity of the primary motor cortex. The orientation of the TMS coil and muscle activation can affect the activity of I-waves, but their influence on M1 plasticity with iTMS is still unclear.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Yan Gong, Xian-Ming Long, Ying Xu, Xiu-Ying Cai, Ming Ye
Summary: The study demonstrated that 1Hz rTMS combined with anodal tDCS stimulation protocol showed significant effects on motor function and cortex excitability in subacute stroke patients, making it a potential preferred rehabilitative strategy for motor recovery.
CLINICAL REHABILITATION
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Adam Meder, Inga Liepelt-Scarfone, Patricia Sulzer, Daniela Berg, Christoph Laske, Oliver Preische, Debora Desideri, Carl M. Zipser, Giacomo Salvadore, Kanaka Tatikola, Maarten Timmers, Ulf Ziemann
Summary: The study found that patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) exhibit corticospinal hyperexcitability, while there was no significant difference between Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients and healthy controls. However, the standard PAS(LTP) protocol may not be suitable for assessing LTP-like motor cortical plasticity.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Abdulhameed Tomeh, Abdul Hanif Khan Yusof Khan, Wan Aliaa Wan Sulaiman
Summary: Stroke is a major cause of disability and death among the elderly population. Restoring blood circulation in the early phase of stroke is crucial for protecting neurons. Rehabilitation techniques can help stroke survivors regain their affected functions, and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has emerged as a novel method to aid in this process. TMS can be used to assess and modulate cortical excitability non-invasively, and repetitive TMS (rTMS) of the primary motor cortex (M1) shows promising results in post-stroke motor rehabilitation. It has also been found to have potential therapeutic uses in treating other symptoms such as dysphagia, speech impairments, central post-stroke pain, depression, and cognitive dysfunction.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Zhao Zhang, Bor-Shing Lin, Chih-Wei Peng, Wing P. Chan, Bor-Shyh Lin, Chien-Hung Lai
Summary: The study proposed a novel nerve rehabilitation treatment strategy involving paired associative nerve stimulation for individuals with incomplete spinal cord injury (iSCI), and found that paired associative stimulation of both the brain and spine is more effective for corticospinal plasticity compared to single stimulation methods.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
Hyun K. Kim, Heejin Jeong, Jangwoon Park, Jaehyun Park, Won-Seok Kim, Nahyeong Kim, Subin Park, Nam-Jong Paik
Summary: This study aims to develop comprehensive guidelines to assess the user experience (UX) of meal-assistance robots (MARs) considering its social interaction characteristics between humans and robots. Participants from different perspectives were recruited, and a focus group interview was conducted to collect their UXs with MARs. The study found that different groups showed different UXs with MARs in user interface design, robot arm motion, and safety and mobility. Based on the literature review, eight UX features are proposed to evaluate MAR interfaces.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER INTERACTION
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Marian C. Brady, Myzoon Ali, Kathryn VandenBerg, Linda J. Williams, Louise R. Williams, Masahiro Abo, Frank Becker, Audrey Bowen, Caitlin Branden-burg, Caterina Breitenstein, Stefanie Bruehl, David A. Copland, Tamara B. Cranfill, Marie Di Pietro-Bachmann, Pamela Enderby, Joanne Fillingham, Federica Lucia Galli, Marialuisa Gandolfi, Bertrand Glize, Erin Godecke, Neil Hawkins, Katerina Hilari, Jacqueline Hinckley, Simon Horton, David Howard, Petra Jaecks, Elizabeth Jefferies, Luis M. T. Jesus, Maria Kambanaros, Eun Kyoung Kang, Eman M. Khedr, Anthony Pak-Hin Kong, Tarja Kukkonen, Marina Laganaro, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph, Ann Charlotte Laska, Beatrice Leemann, Alexander P. Leff, Roxele R. Lima, Antje Lorenz, Brian MacWhinney, Rebecca Shisler Marshall, Flavia Mattioli, ilknur MaviS, Marcus Meinzer, Reza Nilipour, Enrique Noe, Nam-Jong Paik, Rebecca Palmer, Ilias Papathanasiou, Brigida Patricio, Isabel Pavao Martins, Cathy Price, Tatjana Prizl Jakovac, Elizabeth Rochon, Miranda L. Rose, Charlotte Rosso, Ilona Rubi-Fessen, Marina B. Ruiter, Claerwen Snell, Benjamin Stahl, Jerzy P. Szaf-larski, Shirley A. Thomas, Mieke Van de Sandt-Koenderman, Ineke van der Meulen, Evy Visch-Brink, Linda Worrall, Heather Harris Wright
Summary: The aim of this study was to optimize speech and language therapy (SLT) regimens for maximal aphasia recovery. The analysis of data from 959 participants revealed that frequent, functionally tailored, receptive-expressive SLT, with prescribed home practice at a higher intensity and duration, were associated with the greatest language recovery.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sungmin Cho, Won Kee Chang, Jihong Park, Seung Hyun Lee, Jongseung Lee, Cheol E. Han, Nam-Jong Paik, Won-Seok Kim
Summary: Virtual prism adaptation therapy (VPAT) combines immersive virtual reality with a depth-sensing camera to provide a better way of quantifying and monitoring errors. This study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to measure behavioral adaptations induced by VPAT and identify activated cortical areas. The results suggest that VPAT may induce behavioral adaptation through modulation of the dorsal attentional network.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Orthopedics
Aram Kim, Mina Park, Hyung-Ik Shin
Summary: Assessment of pain in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is not well-understood. This study aimed to evaluate the pain characteristics in DMD patients and found that the location, aggravating/relieving factors, pain frequency, and pain interference change with the progression of the disease.
BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Yoo Jinie Kim, Ee-Kyung Kim, Jung-Eun Cheon, Huijin Song, Moon Suk Bang, Hyung-Ik Shin, Seung Han Shin, Han-Suk Kim
Summary: In this study, brain imaging findings and neurodevelopmental outcomes of preterm infants diagnosed with cerebral palsy were analyzed. The study found that high-grade cerebellar hemorrhage and/or atrophy accounted for 25% of cerebellar injuries in patients with supratentorial lesions. Patients with cerebellar injury showed lower scores in various domains of neurodevelopmental assessment and had a higher proportion of patients below the cutoff value. Poor neurodevelopmental outcomes, other than motor function, were associated with cerebellar injury, indicating the importance of evaluating the cerebellum in predicting functional outcomes of cerebral palsy patients.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mina Park, Aram Kim, Kyu-Chang Wang, Ji Yeoun Lee, Kyung Hyun Kim, Joo Whan Kim, Hyung-Ik Shin
Summary: This study investigated whether an electrodiagnostic study (EDS) can provide evidence of neural damage in asymptomatic infants with closed spinal dysraphism (CSD). Results showed that among asymptomatic patients, a significant number had abnormal EDS findings, indicating subclinical neural damage.
CHILDS NERVOUS SYSTEM
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Cornelius Angerhoefer, Mareike Vermehren, Annalisa Colucci, Marius Nann, Peter Kossmehl, Andreas Niedeggen, Won-Seok Kim, Won Kee Chang, Nam-Jong Paik, Volker Hoemberg, Surjo R. Soekadar
Summary: This study introduces the Berlin Bimanual Test for Tetraplegia (BeBiTT) and demonstrates its psychometric properties and sensitivity to improvements in bimanual task performance using an assistive hand exoskeleton. Wearing the brain/neural hand exoskeleton (B/NHE) significantly improved the BeBiTT score, indicating high sensitivity to intervention-related differences in bimanual task performance.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Wuwei Feng, Ela B. Plow, Nam-Jong Paik
Article
Oncology
SuYeon Kwon, Gowun Kim, Seungwoo Cha, Kyungdo Han, Nam-Jong Paik, Won-Seok Kim
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of dysphagia in patients with various cancers in South Korea. The risk of dysphagia was significantly higher in the cancer group, particularly in patients with oral and pharynx, esophagus, larynx, and central nervous system cancers.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Thomas Platz, Nam-Jong Paik, David Good, Giorgio Sandrini
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Seungwoo Cha, Won Kee Chang, Hee-Mun Cho, Kyungdo Han, Nam-Jong Paik, Sohyun Kwon, Won-Seok Kim
Summary: This study analyzed the prevalence and risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) and dysphagia in Korea from 2006 to 2015. The study found that both the prevalence of PD and dysphagia in PD patients increased continuously during the study period, with the highest prevalence among elderly individuals. Patients with PD had a three times higher risk of dysphagia compared to those without PD, emphasizing the importance of attention to this condition.
JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Kwangsub Song, Sangui Choi, Jin-Hong Shin, Woo-Hyeon Son, Hyuntae Park, Hooman Lee, Nam-Jong Paik
Summary: We propose a digital biomarker (DB/MS and DB/ME) for diagnosing muscle disorders using a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and stimulated muscle contraction. Traditional methods of measuring muscle strength and endurance related DBs are difficult and expensive. We introduce a non-volitional DB measurement technique using impact response signal (IRS) based on multi-frequency electrical stimulation (MFES) and an electromyography sensor. The DB estimation model learned through MLP accurately assesses muscle disorders causing decreased physical performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL SYSTEMS AND REHABILITATION ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Zeshan Shoaib, Won Kee Chang, Jongseung Lee, Stephanie Hyeyoung Lee, V. Zephaniah Phillips, Seung Hyun Lee, Nam-Jong Paik, Han-Jeong Hwang, Won-Seok Kim
Summary: This study used functional near-infrared spectroscopy to investigate the neuromodulatory effects of inhibitory transcranial direct current stimulation on the motor cortex. The results showed that inhibitory transcranial direct current stimulation significantly decreased oxyhemoglobin concentration in the contralateral motor cortex and increased oxyhemoglobin concentration in the ipsilateral motor cortex.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sung Eun Hyun, Wonjae Hwang, Hye Min Ji, Hyung-Ik Shin
Summary: This prospective pilot study investigated the influence of body position on peak cough flow (PCF) during mechanical insufflation-exsufflation (MI-E) treatment in people with tetraplegia. The results showed that PCF was associated with the application maneuvers and interaction between position and maneuvers, but not with the application position. Therefore, either position can be used for MI-E treatment in individuals with tetraplegia.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Rehabilitation
Sora Baek, Won-Seok Kim, Yul-Hyun Park, Yun Sun Jung, Won Kee Chang, Gowun Kim, Nam -Jong Paik
Summary: The objective of this study was to translate and validate the Longer-term Unmet Needs after Stroke (LUNS) questionnaire in the Korean stroke population, and assess the reliability of face-to-face and telephone surveys. The results showed that the LUNS-K is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing unmet health needs in patients with stroke, and telephone surveys can be considered reliable as well.
ANNALS OF REHABILITATION MEDICINE-ARM
(2023)
