Review
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Jiannan Zhou, Janak Lal Pathak, Qianwen Liu, Shilin Hu, Tingting Cao, Nobumoto Watanabe, Yongliang Huo, Jiang Li
Summary: Sjogren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease that primarily affects middle-aged and older women, leading to dry mucosal surfaces. It is caused by dysfunction of secretory glands, such as the oral cavity, eyeballs, and pharynx. Lymphocyte infiltration and epithelial cell destruction triggered by Ro/SSA and La/SSB autoantibodies are the pathological characteristics of the syndrome. The exact pathogenesis is still unclear, but evidence suggests that epithelial cell death and subsequent dysfunction of salivary glands are the main causes of xerostomia.
Article
Cell Biology
Yue Zhang, Qiong Wu, Guanglin Niu, Jidan Liu, Fangjun Cao, Xiaopeng An, Binyun Cao
Summary: This study found that EGF can regulate apoptosis and inflammation in gMEC by inducing the expression of miR-223. The downregulation of ISG15 by EGF and miR-223 is a key factor in this regulatory process.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Rheumatology
Hong Ki Min, Se Hee Kim, Kyung-Ann Lee, Joon-Hyung Jo, Young So, Hyun Woo Chung, Sang-Heon Lee, Hae-Rim Kim
Summary: This study compared the findings of salivary gland ultrasonography (SGUS) and salivary gland scintigraphy (SGS) in patients with primary SS. The study found that patients with a higher SGUS score had lower salivary gland function, and there was a significant correlation between SGUS score and SGS results. These findings suggest a possible predictive role of SGUS in diagnosing salivary gland dysfunction.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rui Liao, Hai-Tao Yang, Heng Li, Li-Xiong Liu, Kai Li, Jing-Jing Li, Jie Liang, Xiao-Ping Hong, Yu-Lan Chen, Dong-Zhou Liu
Summary: Sjogren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease with complicated clinical manifestations. Salivary gland biopsy plays a crucial role in diagnosis and risk assessment for the disease.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Martha S. van Ginkel, Tineke van der Sluis, Marian L. C. Bulthuis, Henk J. Buikema, Erlin A. Haacke, Suzanne Arends, Stine Harder, Fred K. L. Spijkervet, Hendrika Bootsma, Arjan Vissink, Frans G. M. Kroese, Bert van der Vegt
Summary: Objective digital image analysis (DIA) algorithm can be used to identify lymphoepithelial lesions (LELs) in salivary glands of primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) patients. The presence of intraepithelial B-lymphocytes can serve as a clear indicator of pSS and an objective alternative to LEL scoring.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tingting Cao, Jiannan Zhou, Qianwen Liu, Tianjiao Mao, Bo Chen, Qingqing Wu, Lijing Wang, Janak L. Pathak, Nobumoto Watanabe, Jiang Li
Summary: In this study, it was found that elevated levels of IFN-gamma induce ferroptosis in salivary gland epithelial cells (SGEC) in Sjogren's syndrome (SS) through JAK/STAT1 signaling, by inhibiting the function of system Xc(-). Transcriptome analysis revealed differential expression of ferroptosis-related markers in human and mouse salivary glands of SS, with upregulation of IFN-gamma and downregulation of GPX4 and AQP5. Manipulating ferroptosis or IFN-gamma signaling can alleviate or aggravate SS symptoms in mouse models.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Zhen Tan, Li Wang, Xiaomei Li
Summary: This paper summarizes recent studies on the salivary glands of pSS patients from the perspective of the immune microenvironment. It demonstrates that hypoxia, senescence, and chronic inflammation are the essential characteristics of the salivary gland immune microenvironment in pSS. Multiple signaling pathways are involved in its regulation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Akinsola Oyelakin, Erich Horeth, Eun-Ah Christine Song, Sangwon Min, Monika Che, Brandon Marzullo, Christopher J. Lessard, Astrid Rasmussen, Lida Radfar, R. Hal Scofield, David M. Lewis, Donald U. Stone, Kiely Grundahl, Scott S. De Rossi, Zoya Kurago, A. Darise Farris, Kathy L. Sivils, Satrajit Sinha, Jill M. Kramer, Rose-Anne Romano
Summary: Primary Sjogren's syndrome is a systemic autoimmune disease primarily affecting women, leading to loss of saliva and tears. Currently, there is no effective cure due to limited understanding of disease etiology and pathology.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hongen Yin, Thomas J. F. Pranzatelli, Benjamin N. French, Nan Zhang, Blake M. Warner, John A. Chiorini
Summary: The study developed a novel method for quantifying fibrosis in the salivary gland and found a significant correlation between fibrosis and symptoms in SS patients. Fibroblasts may play a key role in expressing genes related to fibrosis in the gland.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yu-chao Tseng, Hsin-yi Yang, Wei-ting Lin, Chia-bin Chang, Hsiu-chuan Chien, Hon-pin Wang, Chun-ming Chen, Jann-tay Wang, Chin Li, Shu-fen Wu, Song-chou Hsieh
Summary: This study suggests that changes in oral microbiota may affect the proliferation of CD4 T cells in primary Sjogren's syndrome patients, and the proteobacterium Haemophilus parainfluenzae plays an immunomodulatory role in this process.
NPJ BIOFILMS AND MICROBIOMES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Farzana Chowdhury, Anwar Tappuni, Michele Bombardieri
Summary: Primary Sjogren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting salivary and lachrymal glands, causing dry mouth and eyes symptoms. There is currently no disease-modifying drug approved for treatment, with therapies focused on symptom relief. Management of oral dryness remains a significant unmet clinical need for patients with pSS.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Loukas Chatzis, Andreas Goules, Vasilis Pezoulas, Chiara Baldini, Saviana Gandolfo, Fotini N. Skopouli, Themis P. Exarchos, Efstathia K. Kapsogeorgou, Valentina Donati, Paraskevi V. Voulgari, Clio P. Mavragani, Vasilis Gorgoulis, Salvatore De Vita, Dimitrios Fotiadis, Michalis Voulgarelis, Haralampos M. Moutsopoulos, Athanasios G. Tzioufas
Summary: The study aimed to explore the role of LMSG focus score (FS) in stratifying SS patients, with findings identifying FS, cryoglobulinemia, and salivary gland enlargement (SGE) as independent lymphoma-associated risk factors. Patients with FS >= 4 had a shorter time interval to lymphoma diagnosis and were more likely to develop B cell origin manifestations and lymphoma. These results suggest that FS evaluated at the time of SS diagnosis may serve as a predictive biomarker for early diagnosis of SS-associated lymphomas.
JOURNAL OF AUTOIMMUNITY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yoshiaki Yura, Masakazu Hamada
Summary: Sjogren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease that affects exocrine glands. Tissue samples from minor salivary glands are important for diagnosis and evaluation of SS. In SS, autoantigens from salivary glands activate immune cells, leading to cytokine production, autoantibody production, ectopic germinal center formation, and destruction of salivary gland epithelial cells. Recent research has investigated therapeutic approaches including immune checkpoint inhibitors, muscarinic agonists, and stem cell therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Mei Mei, Ling-Han Qu, Xin Cong, Yan Zhang, Ruo-Lan Xiang, Guang-Yan Yu, Jia-Zeng Su, Li-Ling Wu
Summary: The study found that there is synthesis and secretion of CTRP3 in salivary glands, and that CTRP3 may promote TNF-α-induced cell apoptosis through the TNFR1-mediated complex II pathway.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Youngjae Park, Minae Oh, Youn Soo Lee, Wan-Uk Kim
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the diagnostic performance of salivary ultrasonography (SGUS) and shear wave elastography (SWE) in evaluating secondary Sjogren's syndrome (sSS) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. The results showed that SGUS had good diagnostic performance in differentiating sSS from RA patients with simple sicca symptoms, similar to primary SS (pSS). Additionally, SWE reflected the histopathologic chronicity of minor salivary gland biopsy well in both pSS and sSS.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)