Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
Volume 14, Issue 6, Pages 11259-11276Publisher
MDPI AG
DOI: 10.3390/ijms140611259
Keywords
nitric oxide; cell bioenergetics; respiratory chain; circadian rhythm; cell culture; Warburg effect; reactive oxygen; nitrogen species
Funding
- Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Universita e della Ricerca of Italy [PRIN 20107Z8XBW_005, FIRB RBIN06E9Z8]
- PNR-CNR Aging Program
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Extending our previous observations, we have shown on HaCat cells that melatonin, at similar to 10(-9) M concentration, transiently raises not only the expression of the neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) mRNA, but also the nNOS protein synthesis and the nitric oxide oxidation products, nitrite and nitrate. Interestingly, from the cell bioenergetic point of view, the activated NO-related chemistry induces a mild decrease of the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) efficiency, paralleled by a depression of the mitochondrial membrane potential. The OXPHOS depression is apparently balanced by glycolysis. The mitochondrial effects described have been detected only at nanomolar concentration of melatonin and within a time window of a few hours' incubation; both findings compatible with the melatonin circadian cycle.
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