Alternative Oxidase: A Mitochondrial Respiratory Pathway to Maintain Metabolic and Signaling Homeostasis during Abiotic and Biotic Stress in Plants

Structure of the trypanosome cyanide-insensitive alternative oxidase

(2013) T. Shiba et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Alternative Oxidase Expression in the Mouse Enables Bypassing Cytochrome c Oxidase Blockade and Limits Mitochondrial ROS Overproduction

(2013) Riyad El-Khoury et al.   PLoS Genetics

ABI4 and its role in chloroplast retrograde communication

(2013) Patricia León et al.   Frontiers in Plant Science

Nitric oxide inhibits the ATPase activity of the chaperone-like AAA+ ATPase CDC48, a target for S-nitrosylation in cryptogein signalling in tobacco cells

(2012) Jéremy Astier et al.   BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL

Lack of cytochrome c in Arabidopsis decreases stability of Complex IV and modifies redox metabolism without affecting Complexes I and III

(2012) Elina Welchen et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS

Calcium signatures and signaling in cytosol and organelles of tobacco cells induced by plant defense elicitors

(2012) Hamid Manzoor et al.   CELL CALCIUM

Glycine decarboxylase controls photosynthesis and plant growth

(2012) Stefan Timm et al.   FEBS LETTERS

Alternative oxidase rescues mitochondria-mediated dopaminergic cell loss in Drosophila

(2012) Dickon M. Humphrey et al.   HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS

Glucose Modulates Respiratory Complex I Activity in Response to Acute Mitochondrial Dysfunction

(2012) Giuseppe Cannino et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Cyclin-dependent Kinase E1 (CDKE1) Provides a Cellular Switch in Plants between Growth and Stress Responses

(2012) Sophia Ng et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Involvement of protein kinases and calcium in the 
NO-signalling cascade for defence-gene induction in ozonated tobacco plants

(2012) S. Pasqualini et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

Inhibition of aconitase by nitric oxide leads to induction of the alternative oxidase and to a shift of metabolism towards biosynthesis of amino acids

(2012) Kapuganti J. Gupta et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

Hypoxia induces H2O2 production and activates antioxidant defence system in grapevine buds through mediation of H2O2 and ethylene

(2012) R. Vergara et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

Overexpression of Alternative Oxidase Gene Confers Aluminum Tolerance by Altering the Respiratory Capacity and the Response to Oxidative Stress in Tobacco Cells

(2012) Sanjib Kumar Panda et al.   MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY

Mitochondrial Sulfide Detoxification Requires a Functional Isoform O-Acetylserine(thiol)lyase C in Arabidopsis thaliana

(2012) Consolación Álvarez et al.   Molecular Plant

Respiratory flexibility and efficiency are affected by simulated global change in Arctic plants

(2012) Ari Kornfeld et al.   NEW PHYTOLOGIST

Alternative oxidase modulates leaf mitochondrial concentrations of superoxide and nitric oxide

(2012) Marina Cvetkovska et al.   NEW PHYTOLOGIST

The Absence of Alternative Oxidase AOX1A Results in Altered Response of Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilation to Increasing CO2 in Arabidopsis thaliana

(2012) Anthony Gandin et al.   PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY

Downregulation of the  -Subunit Reduces Mitochondrial ATP Synthase Levels, Alters Respiration, and Restricts Growth and Gametophyte Development in Arabidopsis

(2012) D. A. Geisler et al.   PLANT CELL

Alternative Oxidases (AOX1a and AOX2) Can Functionally Substitute for Plastid Terminal Oxidase inArabidopsisChloroplasts

(2012) Aigen Fu et al.   PLANT CELL

Stress-Induced GSK3 Regulates the Redox Stress Response by Phosphorylating Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Arabidopsis

(2012) S. Dal Santo et al.   PLANT CELL

PPR2263, a DYW-Subgroup Pentatricopeptide Repeat Protein, Is Required for Mitochondrial nad5 and cob Transcript Editing, Mitochondrion Biogenesis, and Maize Growth

(2012) D. Sosso et al.   PLANT CELL

DEXH Box RNA Helicase-Mediated Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species Production in Arabidopsis Mediates Crosstalk between Abscisic Acid and Auxin Signaling

(2012) J. He et al.   PLANT CELL

Unravelling mitochondrial retrograde regulation in the abiotic stress induction of riceALTERNATIVE OXIDASE 1genes

(2012) CHUN-RONG LI et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Alternative oxidase impacts the plant response to biotic stress by influencing the mitochondrial generation of reactive oxygen species

(2012) MARINA CVETKOVSKA et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

A field-compatible method for measuring alternative respiratory pathway activities in vivo using stable O2 isotopes

(2012) ARI KORNFELD et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Modulation of respiratory metabolism in response to nutrient changes along a soil chronosequence

(2012) ARI KORNFELD et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Nitric Oxide-Mediated Maintenance of Redox Homeostasis Contributes to NPR1-Dependent Plant Innate Immunity Triggered by Lipopolysaccharides

(2012) A. Sun et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Extending Cassava Root Shelf Life via Reduction of Reactive Oxygen Species Production

(2012) T. Zidenga et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Loss of Lon1 in Arabidopsis Changes the Mitochondrial Proteome Leading to Altered Metabolite Profiles and Growth Retardation without an Accumulation of Oxidative Damage

(2012) C. Solheim et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Alternative Oxidase in Resistance to Biotic Stresses: Nicotiana attenuata AOX Contributes to Resistance to a Pathogen and a Piercing-Sucking Insect But Not Manduca sexta Larvae

(2012) L. Zhang et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Flexible change and cooperation between mitochondrial electron transport and cytosolic glycolysis as the basis for chilling tolerance in tomato plants

(2012) Kai Shi et al.   PLANTA

A GmAOX2b antisense gene compromises vegetative growth and seed production in soybean

(2012) Tsun-Thai Chai et al.   PLANTA

Comparison of Intact Arabidopsis thaliana Leaf Transcript Profiles during Treatment with Inhibitors of Mitochondrial Electron Transport and TCA Cycle

(2012) Ann L. Umbach et al.   PLoS One

AtWRKY15 perturbation abolishes the mitochondrial stress response that steers osmotic stress tolerance in Arabidopsis

(2012) S. Vanderauwera et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Comparison of Transcriptional Changes to Chloroplast and Mitochondrial Perturbations Reveals Common and Specific Responses in Arabidopsis

(2012) Olivier Van Aken et al.   Frontiers in Plant Science

Organization and Regulation of Mitochondrial Respiration in Plants

(2011) A. Harvey Millar et al.   Annual Review of Plant Biology

Redox-based protein modifications: the missing link in plant immune signalling

(2011) Steven H Spoel et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY

Respiratory alternative oxidase responds to both low- and high-temperature stress in Quercus rubra leaves along an urban-rural gradient in New York

(2011) Stephanie Y. Searle et al.   FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY

Response of mitochondrial thioredoxin PsTrxo1, antioxidant enzymes, and respiration to salinity in pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves

(2011) María C. Martí et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

The impact of impaired mitochondrial function on retrograde signalling: a meta-analysis of transcriptomic responses

(2011) Markus Schwarzländer et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

Impact of mitochondrial alternative oxidase expression on the response of Nicotiana tabacum to cold temperature

(2011) Jia Wang et al.   PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM

Mitochondrial alternative oxidase pathway protects plants against photoinhibition by alleviating inhibition of the repair of photodamaged PSII through preventing formation of reactive oxygen species in Rumex K-1 leaves

(2011) Li-Tao Zhang et al.   PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM

Ethylene is involved in leafy mustard systemic resistance to Turnip mosaic virus infection through the mitochondrial alternative oxidase pathway

(2011) Lei Zhu et al.   PHYSIOLOGICAL AND MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY

Alterations in the Mitochondrial Alternative NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase NDB4 Lead to Changes in Mitochondrial Electron Transport Chain Composition, Plant Growth and Response to Oxidative Stress

(2011) Chevaun Smith et al.   PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY

Enhanced high temperature tolerance in transgenic rice seedlings with elevated levels of alternative oxidase, OsAOX1a

(2011) Yuuki Murakami et al.   Plant Biotechnology

In vivo cytochrome and alternative pathway respiration in leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana plants with altered alternative oxidase under different light conditions

(2011) IGOR FLOREZ-SARASA et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Oxidation-reduction and reactive oxygen species homeostasis in mutant plants with respiratory chain complex I dysfunction

(2011) IZABELA M. JUSZCZUK et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Distinct responses of the mitochondrial respiratory chain to long- and short-term high-light environments in Arabidopsis thaliana

(2011) KEISUKE YOSHIDA et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Physiological impact of mitochondrial alternative oxidase on photosynthesis and growth in Arabidopsis thaliana

(2011) KEISUKE YOSHIDA et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Metabolic control and regulation of the tricarboxylic acid cycle in photosynthetic and heterotrophic plant tissues

(2011) WAGNER L. ARAÚJO et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Coordination of a mitochondrial superoxide burst during the hypersensitive response to bacterial pathogen in Nicotiana tabacum

(2011) MARINA CVETKOVSKA et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Proteins of Diverse Function and Subcellular Location Are Lysine Acetylated in Arabidopsis

(2011) I. Finkemeier et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Lysine Acetylation Is a Widespread Protein Modification for Diverse Proteins in Arabidopsis

(2011) X. Wu et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Sulfate supply influences compartment specific glutathione metabolism and confers enhanced resistance to Tobacco mosaic virus during a hypersensitive response

(2011) Lóránt Király et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

Overexpression of the mitochondrial PPR40 gene improves salt tolerance in Arabidopsis

(2011) Laura Zsigmond et al.   PLANT SCIENCE

Involvement of hydrogen peroxide, calcium, and ethylene in the induction of the alternative pathway in chilling-stressed Arabidopsis callus

(2011) Huahua Wang et al.   PLANTA

The reduction of reactive oxygen species formation by mitochondrial alternative respiration in tomato basal defense against TMV infection

(2011) Yang-Wen-Ke Liao et al.   PLANTA

Alternative Oxidase Dependent Respiration Leads to an Increased Mitochondrial Content in Two Long-Lived Mutants of the Ageing Model Podospora anserina

(2011) Christian Q. Scheckhuber et al.   PLoS One

Mitochondrial complex II has a key role in mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species influence on plant stress gene regulation and defense

(2011) C. Gleason et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Improving Photosynthetic Efficiency for Greater Yield

(2010) Xin-Guang Zhu et al.   Annual Review of Plant Biology

Volatile-Mediated Killing ofArabidopsis thalianaby Bacteria Is Mainly Due to Hydrogen Cyanide

(2010) Dirk Blom et al.   APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY

Ubiquinol-binding site in the alternative oxidase: Mutagenesis reveals features important for substrate binding and inhibition

(2010) Mary S. Albury et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS

Interaction of purified alternative oxidase from thermogenicArum maculatumwith pyruvate

(2010) J.E. Carré et al.   FEBS LETTERS

Effect of short- and long-term phosphate stress on the non-phosphorylating pathway of mitochondrial electron transport inArabidopsis thaliana

(2010) Vivek Vijayraghavan et al.   FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY

Mechanistic study of mitochondria-dependent programmed cell death induced by aluminium phytotoxicity using fluorescence techniques

(2010) Zhe Li et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

Proteomic and Functional Characterization of aChlamydomonas reinhardtiiMutant Lacking the Mitochondrial Alternative Oxidase 1

(2010) Grégory Mathy et al.   JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH

Effect of Mitochondrial Dysfunction on Carbon Metabolism and Gene Expression in Flower Tissues of Arabidopsis thaliana

(2010) Maria V. Busi et al.   Molecular Plant

In the heat of the night - alternative pathway respiration drives thermogenesis in Philodendron bipinnatifidum

(2010) Rebecca E. Miller et al.   NEW PHYTOLOGIST

Leaf respiration and alternative oxidase in field-grown alpine grasses respond to natural changes in temperature and light

(2010) Stephanie Y. Searle et al.   NEW PHYTOLOGIST

From sunlight to phytomass: on the potential efficiency of converting solar radiation to phyto-energy

(2010) Jeffrey S. Amthor   NEW PHYTOLOGIST

Importance of AOX pathway in optimizing photosynthesis under high light stress: role of pyruvate and malate in activating AOX

(2010) Challabathula Dinakar et al.   PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM

Seasonal variation of leaf respiration and the alternative pathway in field-grown Populus×canadensis

(2010) Stephanie Y. Searle et al.   PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM

Involvement of Ethylene and Hydrogen Peroxide in Induction of Alternative Respiratory Pathway in Salt-Treated Arabidopsis Calluses

(2010) H. Wang et al.   PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY

Mitochondrial β-Cyanoalanine Synthase Is Essential for Root Hair Formation inArabidopsis thaliana

(2010) Irene García et al.   PLANT CELL

Effects of light on cyanide-resistant respiration and alternative oxidase function in Arabidopsis seedlings

(2010) DA-WEI ZHANG et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Ammonium-dependent respiratory increase is dependent on the cytochrome pathway in Arabidopsis thaliana shoots

(2010) TAKUSHI HACHIYA et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

ABA overly-sensitive 5 (ABO5), encoding a pentatricopeptide repeat protein required for cis-splicing of mitochondrial nad2 intron 3, is involved in the abscisic acid response in Arabidopsis

(2010) Yue Liu et al.   PLANT JOURNAL

Cyanide, a Coproduct of Plant Hormone Ethylene Biosynthesis, Contributes to the Resistance of Rice to Blast Fungus

(2010) S. Seo et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Photosynthetic Performance and Fertility Are Repressed in GmAOX2b Antisense Soybean

(2010) T.-T. Chai et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Regulation of Plant Glycine Decarboxylase by S-Nitrosylation and Glutathionylation

(2010) M. C. Palmieri et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Sirtuin regulation of mitochondria: energy production, apoptosis, and signaling

(2010) Eric Verdin et al.   TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES

On the origins of nitric oxide

(2010) Kapuganti J. Gupta et al.   TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE

Causes of decreased photosynthetic rate and metabolic capacity in water-deficient leaf cells: a critical evaluation of mechanisms and integration of processes

(2009) David W. Lawlor et al.   ANNALS OF BOTANY

Salicylic Acid, a Multifaceted Hormone to Combat Disease

(2009) A. Corina Vlot et al.   Annual Review of Phytopathology

NO signals in the hazeNitric oxide signalling in plant defence

(2009) Margit Leitner et al.   CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY

The alternative respiratory pathway allows sink to cope with changes in carbon availability in the sink-limited plant Erythronium americanum

(2009) A. Gandin et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

Effects of drought stress and subsequent rewatering on photosynthetic and respiratory pathways in Nicotiana sylvestris wild type and the mitochondrial complex I-deficient CMSII mutant

(2009) Alexander Galle et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

Elevated CO2 effects on plant carbon, nitrogen, and water relations: six important lessons from FACE

(2009) Andrew D. B. Leakey et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

Differential response of antioxidant systems in leaves and roots of barley subjected to anoxia and post-anoxia

(2009) Marta Skutnik et al.   JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Variety-specific response of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) leaf mitochondria to drought stress

(2009) Valya Vassileva et al.   JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH

Defining the Mitochondrial Stress Response in Arabidopsis thaliana

(2009) Olivier Van Aken et al.   Molecular Plant

Manipulation of alternative oxidase can influence salt tolerance inArabidopsis thaliana

(2009) Chevaun Anne Smith et al.   PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM

Differential Gene Expression Profiles of the Mitochondrial Respiratory Components in Illuminated Arabidopsis Leaves

(2009) Keisuke Yoshida et al.   PLANT AND CELL PHYSIOLOGY

Photosynthetic Redox Imbalance Governs Leaf Sectoring in the Arabidopsis thaliana Variegation Mutants immutans, spotty, var1, and var2

(2009) D. Rosso et al.   PLANT CELL

Plant mitochondria electron partitioning is independent of short-term temperature changes

(2009) CRAIG MACFARLANE et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Two Cys or Not Two Cys? That Is the Question; Alternative Oxidase in the Thermogenic Plant Sacred Lotus

(2009) N. Grant et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Developmental Stage Specificity and the Role of Mitochondrial Metabolism in the Response of Arabidopsis Leaves to Prolonged Mild Osmotic Stress

(2009) A. Skirycz et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

A Redox-Mediated Modulation of Stem Bolting in Transgenic Nicotiana sylvestris Differentially Expressing the External Mitochondrial NADPH Dehydrogenase

(2009) Y.-J. Liu et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Divalent Metal Ions in Plant Mitochondria and Their Role in Interactions with Proteins and Oxidative Stress-Induced Damage to Respiratory Function

(2009) Y.-F. Tan et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Remodeled Respiration in ndufs4 with Low Phosphorylation Efficiency Suppresses Arabidopsis Germination and Growth and Alters Control of Metabolism at Night

(2009) E. H. Meyer et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

The Transcription Factor ABI4 Is a Regulator of Mitochondrial Retrograde Expression of ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE1a

(2009) E. Giraud et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Mitochondrial proteome during salt stress-induced programmed cell death in rice

(2009) Xi Chen et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY

Short-term salinity stress in tobacco plants leads to the onset of animal-like PCD hallmarks in planta in contrast to long-term stress

(2009) Efthimios A. Andronis et al.   PLANTA

Importance of ROS and antioxidant system during the beneficial interactions of mitochondrial metabolism with photosynthetic carbon assimilation

(2009) Challabathula Dinakar et al.   PLANTA

Isoenzyme replacement of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in the cytosol improves stress tolerance in plants

(2009) J. Scharte et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Mitochondrial generation of free radicals and hypoxic signaling

(2009) Robert O. Poyton et al.   TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM

The crucial role of plant mitochondria in orchestrating drought tolerance

(2008) Owen K. Atkin et al.   ANNALS OF BOTANY

Further insights into the structure of the alternative oxidase: from plants to parasites

(2008) Anthony L. Moore et al.   BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY TRANSACTIONS

Regulation of thermogenesis in flowering Araceae: The role of the alternative oxidase

(2008) Anneke M. Wagner et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS

Compelling EPR evidence that the alternative oxidase is a diiron carboxylate protein

(2008) Anthony L. Moore et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS

Futile Na+ cycling at the root plasma membrane in rice (Oryza sativa L.): kinetics, energetics, and relationship to salinity tolerance

(2008) P. Malagoli et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY

Temperature-sensitive alternative oxidase protein content and its relationship to floral reflectance in natural Plantago lanceolata populations

(2008) Ann L. Umbach et al.   NEW PHYTOLOGIST

Multilevel genomic analysis of the response of transcripts, enzyme activities and metabolites in Arabidopsis rosettes to a progressive decrease of temperature in the non-freezing range

(2008) BJÖRN USADEL et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Dynamic changes in the mitochondrial electron transport chain underpinning cold acclimation of leaf respiration

(2008) ANNA F. ARMSTRONG et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

The lack of alternative oxidase at low temperature leads to a disruption of the balance in carbon and nitrogen metabolism, and to an up-regulation of antioxidant defence systems inArabidopsis thalianaleaves

(2008) CHIHIRO K. WATANABE et al.   PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT

Complex I Dysfunction Redirects Cellular and Mitochondrial Metabolism in Arabidopsis

(2008) M. Garmier et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Identification of Regulatory Pathways Controlling Gene Expression of Stress-Responsive Mitochondrial Proteins in Arabidopsis

(2008) L. H.M. Ho et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Decrease in Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Leads to Reduced Root Growth and Affects Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle Flux and Mitochondrial Redox Homeostasis

(2008) M. J. Morgan et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Differential Response of Gray Poplar Leaves and Roots Underpins Stress Adaptation during Hypoxia

(2008) J. Kreuzwieser et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

The Absence of ALTERNATIVE OXIDASE1a in Arabidopsis Results in Acute Sensitivity to Combined Light and Drought Stress

(2008) E. Giraud et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Arabidopsis PPR40 Connects Abiotic Stress Responses to Mitochondrial Electron Transport

(2008) L. Zsigmond et al.   PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Mitochondrial alternative pathway is associated with development of freezing tolerance in common wheat

(2007) Nobuyuki Mizuno et al.   JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY

Interaction between photosynthesis and respiration in illuminated leaves

(2007) Ko Noguchi et al.   MITOCHONDRION