Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Alessandro Nada, Alberto Ramos
Summary: The proposal introduces a new strategy for determining the step scaling function sigma (u) in finite size scaling studies using the gradient flow, showing better control over continuum extrapolations in pure gauge theory. Additionally, it reexamines the running coupling at high energies and the determination of the Lambda-parameter, focusing on perturbative truncation uncertainties.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yichen Huang
Summary: We study the fluctuations of eigenstate expectation values in a microcanonical ensemble and derive an analytical formula for the finite-size scaling of the fluctuations, assuming the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. Our results are compared with those of Beugeling et al. (2014).
Article
Environmental Sciences
Behzad Ghanbarian
Summary: In porous media, understanding the scale dependence is crucial. This study proposes a finite-size scaling analysis from physics to investigate the scale dependence of tortuosity and diffusion coefficient, and demonstrates its effectiveness through simulation comparison.
JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Elizabeth J. Dresselhaus, Bjorn Sbierski, Ilya A. Gruzberg
Summary: The study of the IQHT transition is challenging due to the difficulty in determining critical exponents; Zirnbauer's conformal field theory provides insights for explaining the IQHT transition; Numerical evidence and model parameters are crucial for understanding the impact on critical exponents.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kelly E. Miller, Clotilde Cadart, Rebecca Heald
Summary: Genome size and cell size in frogs are strongly correlated, and this correlation affects developmental rate. However, it is unclear how the relationship between cell size and ploidy is established during embryonic development. By studying different polyploid frogs, researchers discovered that cell size is primarily determined by egg size, while nuclear size is correlated with genome size. At the subcellular level, nuclear size is more strongly correlated with genome size, while mitotic spindle size scales with cell size. These findings demonstrate the relationship between cell size and ploidy in frogs and reveal different size scaling mechanisms during embryogenesis, suggesting that Xenopus development is consistent across a wide range of genome and egg sizes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel A. Martin, Tiago L. Ribeiro, Sergio A. Cannas, Tomas S. Grigera, Dietmar Plenz, Dante R. Chialvo
Summary: The scaling of correlations provides important clues for understanding critical phenomena in various systems. The study of biological structures faces challenges due to their finite size and inability to vary dimensions, but an experimental system of fixed and small extent can approximate finite-size scaling by computing correlations within a reduced field of view of various widths. Numerical simulations verify these approximations and suggest the heuristic approach is useful for characterizing critical phenomena in biological systems.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Usama Bilal, Caio P. de Castro, Tania Alfaro, Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutierrez, Mauricio L. Barreto, Carlos M. Leveau, Kevin Martinez-Folgar, J. Jaime Miranda, Felipe Montes, Pricila Mullachery, Maria Fatima Pina, Daniel A. Rodriguez, Gervasio F. dos Santos, Roberto F. S. Andrade, Ana V. Diez Roux
Summary: The study found that there are significant differences in mortality rates with city population size, with more populated cities having lower mortality rates in the United States, while Latin American cities showed similar mortality rates across different city sizes. Additionally, sexually transmitted infections and homicides are more prevalent in larger cities, indicating superlinear scaling in these cases.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Behzad Ghanbarian, Misagh Esmaeilpour, Robert M. Ziff, Muhammad Sahimi
Summary: The issue of scaling in subsurface hydrology and related disciplines has been long-standing. Experimental data and simulations show inconsistent results on the effect of length scale on permeability. Finite-size scaling analysis proves to be a powerful approach to address the impact of length scale on permeability, showing different trends in permeability with scale in different pore networks.
WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yogyata Pathania, Dipanjan Chakraborty, Felix Hoefling
Summary: This study compares different paths to the critical temperature when approaching the critical composition in a symmetric binary liquid, utilizing finite-size scaling analysis and simulations. It is found that for open systems and sub-volumes with boundary interference, the use of a two-parameter finite-size scaling method can address the difficulties present.
ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jian-Ping Lv, Wanwan Xu, Yanan Sun, Kun Chen, Youjin Deng
Summary: The study focuses on the logarithmic finite-size scaling of the O(n) universality class at the upper critical dimensionality, establishing an explicit scaling form for the free-energy density and conjecturing a two-length behavior for the critical two-point correlation function. Extensive Monte Carlo simulations provide evidence for these predictions, which have practical applications in experimental systems.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Vincent E. Sacksteder
Summary: Studies have shown that in the limit where N tends to infinity while keeping NK constant, the site-diagonal-disorder model exhibits a localized phase, which is different from the case where K is fixed. An analysis of energy and length scales reveals that in the fixed NK limit, the functional integral spins do not exhibit long distance fluctuations, while in the N K fixed limit, certain spin fluctuations are massless and can fluctuate over long distance scales, leading to Anderson localization.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tingchang Yin, Teng Man, Sergio Andres Galindo-Torres
Summary: This study predicts the connectivity of fracture networks using scaling solutions and finds that the critical quantities are fixed for different networks, indicating universal scaling for the connectivity of fracture networks. Changing the definition of characteristic length scale leads to better scaling results. The findings show great potential in applying scaling solutions to real fracture systems.
PHYSICA A-STATISTICAL MECHANICS AND ITS APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Louk Rademaker
Summary: This study presents a scaling theory of interaction-induced delocalization of few-particle states in disordered quantum systems, proposing a delocalization transition condition and providing calculations to support the hypothesis. It discusses the significance of delocalization of multi-particle states under specific conditions and the delocalization transition.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Kenta Hagiwara, Yukiyasu Ozeki
Summary: This study proposes a new scaling analysis method to obtain the critical point and critical exponent 0 for percolations on a random network, especially for bond percolations. By introducing a parameter representing the maximum cluster size, an extrapolation scheme is developed to obtain a more accurate estimation of the critical exponent 0.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Bilal Khalid, Shree Hari Sureshbabu, Arnab Banerjee, Sabre Kais
Summary: Finite-Size Scaling (FSS) analysis can determine the critical point and critical exponents for a phase transition. However, the traditional FSS method is not applicable for quantum phase transitions occurring in finite size systems. We propose an alternative method that truncates the system in the Hilbert space to calculate the critical point for quantum phase transitions.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xunlong Luo, Tomi Ohtsuki, Ryuichi Shindou
Summary: The study explores the influence of non-Hermiticity and disorder on Anderson transitions in three-dimensional systems, finding distinct critical behaviors and key exponents under different classifications of non-Hermitian systems, demonstrating that non-Hermiticity changes the universality classes of Anderson transitions.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Tomohiro Mano, Tomi Ohtsuki
Summary: This study utilizes CNN and LSTM to analyze quantum phases in random electron systems, obtaining phase diagrams for Anderson transitions, quantum percolations, and disordered topological systems.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Yosuke Harashima, Tomohiro Mano, Keith Slevin, Tomi Ohtsuki
Summary: Machine learning is increasingly being applied to problems in condensed matter physics to save computational cost by training with data from a simple example and then making predictions for a more complex example. Convolutional neural networks have shown to work well for assessing eigenfunctions in disordered systems, and have successfully been applied in DFT simulations.
JOURNAL OF THE PHYSICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shunsuke Daimon, Kakeru Tsunekawa, Shinji Kawakami, Takashi Kikkawa, Rafael Ramos, Koichi Oyanagi, Tomi Ohtsuki, Eiji Saitoh
Summary: The authors used machine learning to reconstruct electron wavefunction intensities and sample geometry from magneto-conductance data, revealing complex quantum interference patterns. The study demonstrates that machine learning can help decipher quantum fingerprints and translate them into spatial images of electron wave function intensities.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Keith Slevin, Tomi Ohtsuki
Summary: The quantum Hall effect is extensively studied in solid-state physics and exhibits critical phenomena described by universal critical exponents. Finite size scaling studies have focused on the correlation length critical exponent nu, and it is important to consider irrelevant corrections to scaling. Recently, Dresselhaus et al. proposed a new scaling ansatz applied to the two terminal conductance of the Chalker-Coddington model. In this study, their proposal is applied to previously reported data for the Lyapunov exponents of that model using polynomial fitting and Gaussian process fitting.
PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI-RAPID RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Quantum Science & Technology
Kohei Kawabata, Zhenyu Xiao, Tomi Ohtsuki, Ryuichi Shindou
Summary: The article investigates the spectral statistics of non-Hermitian random matrices and explores the role of singular-value statistics in quantum chaos and nonintegrability. Through classification and analysis, the unique characteristics of singular-value statistics are revealed, serving as indicators of chaos in open quantum systems. These findings have significant implications for the statistical physics of open quantum systems.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Zhenyu Xiao, Kohei Kawabata, Xunlong Luo, Tomi Ohtsuki, Ryuichi Shindou
Summary: In this study, the authors investigate the universal level statistics of non-Hermitian random matrices and analyze the spacings of real eigenvalues in physical models. The results provide effective tools for detecting quantum chaos, many-body localization, and real-complex transitions in non-Hermitian systems with symmetries.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Shiro Sakai, Ryotaro Arita, Tomi Ohtsuki
Summary: In this study, we examine the distribution of electrons under a quasiperiodic potential, taking into account hyperuniformity, aiming to establish a classification and analysis method for aperiodic but orderly density distributions realized in materials such as quasicrystals. We use the Aubry-Andre-Harper model to investigate how the changes in the quasiperiodic potential affect the character of the electron charge distribution, transitioning from extended to localized eigenstates. We find that these changes can be characterized by the hyperuniformity class and its order metric, rather than multifractality or translational symmetry breaking. Additionally, we reveal a nontrivial relationship between the density of states at the Fermi level, charge-distribution histogram, and hyperuniformity class.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xunlong Luo, Tomi Ohtsuki
Summary: This study investigates the critical behavior of Anderson transitions driven by quasiperiodic potentials in the 3D Wigner-Dyson symmetry classes. By analyzing the conductance with finite-size scaling, the critical exponents are estimated and found to be consistent with those for Anderson transitions driven by random potentials. The critical conductance distribution and level spacing ratio distribution are also studied, and a convolutional neural network is found to accurately predict the localization/delocalization of wave functions in quasiperiodic systems.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Xunlong Luo, Zhenyu Xiao, Kohei Kawabata, Tomi Ohtsuki, Ryuichi Shindou
Summary: This study proposes a correspondence between the universality classes of the Anderson transitions in Hermitian and non-Hermitian systems, showcasing the superuniversality phenomenon.
PHYSICAL REVIEW RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Shiro Sakai, Ryotaro Arita, Tomi Ohtsuki
Summary: We investigate the influence of electron-electron interactions on the charge distributions in the metallic state of quasicrystals. By introducing an extended Hubbard model on the Penrose lattice and numerically solving it within the Hartree-Fock approximation, we find that the Coulomb interaction between lattice sites, due to the different local geometries, leads to a nontrivial redistribution of charge. The resulting charge distribution patterns exhibit hyperuniformity, which can distinguish various inhomogeneous but ordered distributions. We also reveal that the intersite interaction significantly affects the hyperuniformity on the electron-rich side.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Zhiming Pan, Tong Wang, Tomi Ohtsuki, Ryuichi Shindou
Summary: This study investigates the disorder-induced quantum multicritical phenomenon among different phases in a 2D disordered superconductor. The results show that the criticalities between these phases are controlled by other saddle-point fixed points.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tong Wang, Zhiming Pan, Tomi Ohtsuki, Ilya A. Gruzberg, Ryuichi Shindou
Summary: This study investigates the phase diagram of a generic two-dimensional disordered topological superconductor in symmetry class D and identifies a tricritical point as well as distinct universality classes. Critical behaviors at various critical points and the tricritical point are characterized using numerical evaluations of localization length, conductance (or conductivity), and density of states. The transitions between diffusive thermal metal (DTM) and thermal quantum Hall (TQH), as well as between DTM and Anderson insulator (AI), are found to belong to the same universality class, while the tricritical point represents a different universality class.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xunlong Luo, Tomi Ohtsuki, Ryuichi Shindou
Summary: The paper presents a detailed transfer matrix analysis of the Anderson transition driven by non-Hermitian disorder in three NH systems. It discusses the general validity of the transfer matrix analysis in NH systems and analyzes the symmetry properties of the Lyapunov exponents, scattering matrix, and two-terminal conductance in these NH models. The study shows violations of unitarity in the S matrix in NH systems and the symmetric nature of the S matrix, Lyapunov exponents, and conductance in certain NH models.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tong Wang, Tomi Ohtsuki, Ryuichi Shindou
Summary: This study investigates universal critical properties of delocalization-localization transitions in three-dimensional unitary and orthogonal classes with different symmetries, demonstrating the presence of these transitions with finite disorder strength. By analyzing the localization length, the critical exponent of the transitions and scaling function of the (normalized) localization length are determined. The results provide insights into the behavior of the transitions in these nonstandard symmetry classes.
