Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Ahmad Sheykhi
Summary: Barrow argued that quantum-gravitational effects may introduce fractal features on the black hole horizon and discussed the impact of Barrow entropy on cosmological equations, revealing modified Friedmann equations as well as examining the validity of the generalized second law of thermodynamics for the Universe enclosed by the apparent horizon.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
G. Lambiase, G. G. Luciano, A. Sheykhi
Summary: In this study, a new cosmological scenario is proposed based on Kaniadakis entropy and modified Friedmann equations. The research finds that the Kaniadakis parameter is constrained by observational limits and the correction term has a non-trivial effect on the growth of perturbations in the early stages of the Universe.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benoit Mahault, Evelyn Tang, Ramin Golestanian
Summary: Topology and stochastic thermodynamics are combined to formulate a fluctuation theorem for heat dissipation in vortex force fields, which is found to be topologically protected. The study demonstrates that entropy production in strongly fluctuating systems is quantized and controlled by a topological invariant, even when the probability distributions are non-Gaussian functions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Abdul Jawad, Sidra Saleem, Saba Qummer
Summary: This study examines an extra driving term for the flat universe using Sharma Mittal entropy and Padmanabhan's holographic equipartition law, resulting in the generation of additional acceleration in the acceleration equation. By investigating various cosmological parameters through graphical methods, the study finds consistent results with current observational data and validates the generalized second law of thermodynamics in both models.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS A
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Roie Dann, Ronnie Kosloff
Summary: The principles of classical thermodynamics are based on similar microscopic laws derived from the fundamental axioms of quantum mechanics. These laws define quantum thermodynamic variables and characterize the transformations of open quantum systems. The conservation of energy is the most important quantum thermodynamic law, but there is ambiguity and disagreement regarding the partition of energy change into work and heat for quantum systems. By treating quantum mechanics as a comprehensive theory and using dynamical symmetries, we bridge the gaps between different approaches to the first law of thermodynamics.
NEW JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Optics
Adrian Juan-Delgado, Aurelia Chenu
Summary: The paragraph discusses the challenges of assigning variations of internal energy into heat or work contributions, as these properties are dependent on trajectory. Various proposals for open quantum systems with arbitrary dynamics have been put forward. It focuses on nonequilibrium thermodynamics of a two-level system, exploring two definitions motivated by classical work or heat.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shamaila Rani, Nadeem Azhar
Summary: This study investigates the evolution of cosmic parameters and planes within the framework of the DGP braneworld model, revealing the range of Hubble parameter, the supported cosmic evolution modes by the equation of state parameter, as well as the stability and thermodynamic properties of the underlying model.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Serena Giardino, Vincenzo Salzano
Summary: This study explores cosmological models modified by the Generalized Uncertainty Principle (GUP) and compares them with observational data to derive constraints on the GUP parameter. It finds tighter constraints on the parameter in the quadratic formulation compared to astrophysical contexts, while the linear formulation appears to be incompatible with present cosmological data. The analysis underscores the important role of high-precision cosmological probes in quantum gravity phenomenology.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2021)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Hameeda, B. Pourhassan, M. C. Rocca, Aram Bahroz Brzo
Summary: In this paper, the effects of superlight braneworld perturbative modes on clustering of galaxies are analyzed using Boltzmann and Tsallis statistical approaches. The impact of modified potential on clustering of galaxies is discussed, and the thermodynamic stability of the model is evaluated. The study combines dimensional regularization with statistical adequacy to provide a comprehensive analysis of the system.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
H. R. Fazlollahi
Summary: The Renyi entropy is a data estimate that incorporates properties of the Shannon entropy and has been widely used in information theory. It has been applied to modify the Friedmann equations and examine the expanding Universe, taking into account quantum effects and the second law of thermodynamics.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Kimet Jusufi, Ahmad Sheykhi
Summary: This article employs Verlinde's entropic force scenario and takes into account the zero-point length correction to the gravitational potential to extract the modified Friedmann equations. By considering the modified gravitational potential, logarithmic corrections to the entropy expression are found, leading to the derivation of the modified Friedman equations. Interestingly, the corrected Friedmann equations bear resemblance to the Friedmann equations in the braneworld scenario. Furthermore, a potential connection to the GUP principle is discussed, which could have implications on the Hubble tension. The evolution of the scale factor under the effect of zero-point length is also explored. Finally, considering the minimal length to be of the Planck order, the critical density and bouncing behavior of the universe with a critical density and minimal scale factor on the order of the Planck length are obtained.
Article
Physics, Particles & Fields
Giuseppe Gaetano Luciano
Summary: By implementing the gravity-thermodynamics conjecture in Kaniadakis statistics, modified Friedmann equations have been derived, introducing new corrections dependent on the parameter K. The application of Kaniadakis statistics to the horizon entropy of the FRW Universe explores implications on baryogenesis and primordial Lithium abundance, while also speculating on the potential for a running K to follow the thermal history of the Universe.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL C
(2022)
Article
Physics, Mathematical
Ujjal Debnath
Summary: This passage discusses the FRW universe as a thermodynamical system, deriving the entropy-area relation and entropy function in different gravitational theories. It also presents the modified Friedmann equations on various IR cutoffs for Horava-Lifshitz gravity, scalar-tensor gravity, f(R) gravity, and f(T) gravity theories.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOMETRIC METHODS IN MODERN PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shauvik Biswas
Summary: This study explores the superradiant stability of braneworld extremal Kerr and Kerr-Newman black holes under massive scalar perturbation. By considering tidal charge and effective potential, the parameter space for superradiant stability was determined. The findings suggest that under specific conditions, these black hole systems can maintain superradiant stability.
Article
Physics, Nuclear
Haryanto M. M. Siahaan
Summary: We study a charged Taub-NUT spacetime solution in the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) brane and show that it satisfies the corresponding equations of motion in Einstein-Maxwell gravity, where the cosmological constant is connected to the cross-over scale in the DGP model. By following the approach by Teitelboim for discussing the thermodynamics of de Sitter spacetime and the proposal by Wu et al. for a conserved charge associated with the NUT parameter, we obtain the generalized Smarr mass formula and the first law of thermodynamics of the spacetime.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Qiao Jin, Qinghua Zhang, He Bai, Amanda Huon, Timothy Charlton, Shengru Chen, Shan Lin, Haitao Hong, Ting Cui, Can Wang, Haizhong Guo, Lin Gu, Tao Zhu, Michael R. Fitzsimmons, Kui-juan Jin, Shanmin Wang, Er-Jia Guo
Summary: By synthesizing single-crystalline and precisely controlled Fe3N thin films, this study demonstrates the maintenance of high-temperature ferromagnetism in thin Fe3N layers and reveals strong in-plane anisotropy and changing anomalous Hall resistivity. Additionally, a significant exchange bias is observed at the Fe3N and CrN interfaces. This work provides guidance for exploring functional nitride films and their potential applications.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Ying Xiong, Aoxuan Zhang, Tao Zhu
Summary: In this study, the stress corrosion behavior of AZ80 magnesium alloy specimens with different orientations was investigated using SSRT testing and EIS analysis. The results showed that AZ80 magnesium alloy with different initial textures exhibited different corrosion mechanisms in simulated body fluid.
FATIGUE & FRACTURE OF ENGINEERING MATERIALS & STRUCTURES
(2023)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Jin Qiao, Zhao Li, Tao Zhu, Ran Ji, Guoliang Li, Wen Zhao
Summary: The examination of parity symmetry in gravitational interactions has gained attention, and theories of parity-violating gravity have been proposed. This review summarizes the progress of these theories and focuses on their observable effects in gravitational waves (GWs), particularly the difference between polarization modes. It explores the implications of these theories for GWs generated by compact binary coalescences and primordial GWs. The current and potential constraints on the parity-violating energy scales are presented using current and future GW observations.
FRONTIERS IN ASTRONOMY AND SPACE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Education & Educational Research
Hongyang Chen, Zining Wang, Lan Zheng, Jiumei Ciren, Weiyi Zhang, Tao Zhu
Summary: Anesthesiology education in Tibet lags behind, and clinical anesthesia needs improvement. Improving the overall quality of anesthesiology teachers in Tibet is advantageous for the development of local anesthesiology. Enhancing the teaching ability of anesthesiologists not only promotes the independent learning capability of young doctors, but also establishes a strong foundation for the smooth progress of clinical work.
FRONTIERS IN EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mengye Jin, Tao Zhu, Shouheng Li, LiFeng Wang, Yusheng Liu, Yan Yu, Yiwei Han
Summary: In this study, CeMnOx-ZF catalysts with different metal loadings were prepared from coal fly ash (CFA) and their catalytic oxidation effects on toluene were investigated. The synergy between Ce and Mn metals in CeMnOx-ZF catalysts was studied. The optimized conditions for highest activity of CFA were determined, and the 20 wt.% CeMnOx-ZF catalyst exhibited a high toluene removal efficiency of up to 99.6% under optimized reaction conditions. The catalyst also showed high stability even after a 100-hour cycle test. This study provides a simple method for CFA activation and proposes a feasible strategy for designing high-efficiency catalysts for VOC degradation.
Article
Optics
Ligang Huang, Shunli Liu, Chaoze Zhang, Yanxiang Zhao, Laiyang Dang, Lei Gao, Wei Huang, Guolu Yin, Tao Zhu
Summary: This article proposes and demonstrates an acousto-optic reconfigurable filter (AORF) based on vector mode fusion in dispersion-compensating fiber (DCF). The resonance peaks of different vector modes in the same scalar mode group can be effectively fused into a single peak, allowing for arbitrary reconfiguration of the filter. In the experiment, the AORF's bandwidth can be electrically tuned from 5 nm to 18 nm by superimposing different driving frequencies. The AORF also demonstrates multi-wavelength filtering and the ability to reconfigure between bandpass and band-rejection modes by setting the combination of driving frequencies.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Guolu Yin, Zhaohao Zhu, Min Liu, Yu Wang, Kaijun Liu, Kuanglu Yu, Tao Zhu
Summary: We proposed an optical frequency domain reflectometry (OFDR) based on a multilayer perceptron (MLP) to train and grasp the fingerprint features of Rayleigh scattering spectrum in the optical fiber. The method achieves a larger measurement range, better measurement accuracy, and is less time-consuming compared to the traditional cross-correlation algorithm. This is the first time that machine learning has been introduced into an OFDR system, which brings new knowledge and optimization to the system.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yusi Hua, Qiyuan Huang, Guo Chen, Tao Zhu
Summary: This study aims to investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided anterior superior laryngeal nerve block on awake videolaryngoscopes-assisted endotracheal intubation in adult elective surgery patients, and compare the effectiveness and safety to traditional ultrasound-guided posterior superior laryngeal nerve block.
Article
Immunology
Yidan Tang, Weizhi Liu, Weishuang Kong, Shuangyi Zhang, Tao Zhu
Summary: This study used a two-sample Mendelian randomization method to investigate the causal relationship between chronic pain and autoimmune diseases (AIDs). The results showed a causal relationship between multisite chronic pain and multiple sclerosis (MS) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yingyang Li, Wenjing Yu, Lamei Li, Qianqian Yao, Kexin Jiang, Tao Zhu, Enshe Jiang
Summary: Cancers have become the leading cause of death in China, greatly impacting the health and lives of residents. Oncology nursing focuses on cancer education, prevention, detection, and palliative care. While China has made progress in developing oncology nursing, there are still challenges that need to be addressed to ensure access to cancer care for more individuals.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Transportation Science & Technology
Jingke Zhang, Tao Zhu, Bing Yang, Xiaorui Wang, Shoune Xiao, Guangwu Yang, Yanwen Liu, Quanwei Che
Summary: Rail vehicles generate enormous longitudinal impact loads during collisions, and if there is a mismatch between the compressive strength of the intermediate coupler and the structural strength of the car body, the risk of car body damage and train derailment increases. In this study, a four-stage rigid-flexible coupling finite element model of the coupler is established, taking into account the coupler buckling load. The influence of the coupler buckling load on the train's longitudinal-vertical-horizontal buckling behavior is investigated, and the mechanism of horizontal buckling instability in train collisions is revealed.
RAILWAY ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Qi Zhou, Yu-Xuan Peng, Ping Wang, Zhong-Ying Jiang, Xin-Jun Zhao, Tao Zhu
Summary: The study aims to clarify the molecular mechanism underlying the asymmetric solution-induced membrane shape transition in lipid bilayers. Using giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) as model membranes, the interaction of fully hydrated lipid membranes with two distinct sugar solutions was investigated. The experimental observations revealed that asymmetric sugar solutions induce spontaneous curvature in the phospholipid bilayer, resulting in the formation of outward(/inward) budding vesicles over a wide range of parameters.
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Changliang Liu, Jiahui Wu, Ming Li, Rui Gao, Xueying Zhang, Shixin Ye-Lehmann, Jiangning Song, Tao Zhu, Chan Chen
Summary: This study found that elevated Smad7 in the hippocampal CA1 region can enhance neuroinflammation and apoptosis, leading to learning and memory impairment after surgery. Therefore, Smad7 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of memory impairment after anesthesia surgery.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Optics
Wang Yu, Xiao Di, Niu Yangyang, Yang Jie, Yang Pengxi, Zhu Zhaohao, Yin Guolu, Zhu Tao
Summary: Objective Fiber optic hydrophones are underwater acoustic sensors that convert sound signals into optical signals for data processing. They have high sensitivity, resistance to electromagnetic radiation, and are suitable for harsh conditions. With the increase in maritime activities, research on hydrophone arrays has become important. However, the probe technology is crucial for the stability and performance of hydrophones. This study proposes a high-precision measurement method based on optical frequency domain reflectometry to monitor the deformation of hydrophone probes.
ACTA OPTICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Optics
Laiyang Dang, Ligang Huang, Leilei Shi, Fuhui Li, Guolu Yin, Lei Gao, Tianyi Lan, Yujia Li, Lidan Jiang, Tao Zhu
Summary: This study proposes a new method to deeply purify laser spectrum with compact size under normal conditions, by effectively suppressing the spontaneous radiation of the laser cavity through weak external distributed perturbation. By injecting a feedback signal with continuous spatio-temporal phase transition controlled by a distributed feedback structure into the main cavity, the coupling rate from the spontaneous radiation to the stimulated emission can be deeply suppressed, resulting in an extremely purified laser spectrum. Eventually, an ultra-narrow linewidth on-chip laser system with excellent performance is successfully obtained under normal conditions.
OPTO-ELECTRONIC ADVANCES
(2023)
