Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MINERALS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS
Volume 21, Issue 6, Pages 523-530Publisher
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s12613-014-0938-1
Keywords
metallurgical furnaces; basic oxygen converters; lance height; cavity shape; computational fluid dynamics; computer simulation
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A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was developed to simulate a 150-t top-blown converter. The effect of different lance heights on the cavity shape was investigated using the volume of fluid (VOF) method. Numerical simulation results can reflect the actual molten bath surface waves impinged by the supersonic oxygen jets. With increasing lance height, the cavity depth decreases, and the cavity area, varying like a parabola, increases and then decreases. The cavity area maximizes at the lance height of 1.3 m. Under the three different lance heights simulated in this study, all of the largest impact velocities at the molten bath surface are between 50 m/s and 100 m/s.
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