Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel Norman, Carl Johan Drott, Per-Ola Carlsson, Daniel Espes
Summary: Irisin is a myokine involved in glucose homeostasis that is found in human and rat islets. Its secretion is regulated by glucose, but it does not affect insulin and glucagon secretion. However, Irisin does reduce islet blood flow without affecting insulin secretion.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carl Johan Drott, Daniel Norman, Daniel Espes
Summary: CART is a neurotransmitter and hormone that regulates various physiological processes. Studies have shown that CART has a significant vasoconstrictive effect on pancreatic islet circulation, but does not affect insulin release in vivo or in vitro.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Massimo Muratore, Cristiano Santos, Patrik Rorsman
Summary: The vascular network supporting the islets of Langerhans is crucial for the control of systemic metabolism through the rapid exchange of nutrients and hormones. Changes in islet blood flow may lead to impaired insulin secretion in type-2 diabetes, highlighting the importance of understanding pancreas/islet blood flow regulation. The pioneering work of August Krogh on blood flow and capillary anatomy remains relevant in current research efforts.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yue Sun, Ya-ping Bai, De-guo Wang, Yu-jie Xing, Teng Zhang, Wen Wang, Si-min Zhou, Jin-han Cheng, Wei-wei Chang, Xiang Kong, Xin-ming Yao, Li-qun Guo
Summary: Metformin treatment exerts a protective effect against beta-cell damage in patients with T2DM by modulating ferroptosis.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Winifred P. S. Wong, Janice C. Wang, Matthew S. Meyers, Nathan J. Wang, Rebecca A. Sponenburg, Norrina B. Allen, Joshua R. Edwards, Malek El Muayed
Summary: This study developed an in vivo oral cadmium exposure model and demonstrated that cadmium exposure in drinking water resulted in islet cadmium bioaccumulation in mice, leading to the same weight gain required for inducing insulin resistance. The study also found inter-individual variations in plasma glucose and insulin levels as well as islet cadmium bioaccumulation. Regression analysis showed an inverse correlation between islet cadmium level and plasma insulin in male mice but not in female mice.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ryan Fitzgerald, Andrew Olsen, Jessica Nguyen, Winifred Wong, Malek El Muayed, Joshua Edwards
Summary: This study found that islets isolated from animals treated with cadmium for 12 weeks had significantly reduced insulin release in response to glucose stimulation, with selective accumulation of cadmium in pancreatic islets leading to altered islet function and potentially contributing to dysglycemia.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Philip J. O'Herron, David A. Hartmann, Kun Xie, Prakash Kara, Andy Y. Shih
Summary: This study presents an optical method to manipulate and monitor the contractility of brain arterioles in mice with high spatiotemporal resolution. By expressing the red-shifted excitatory opsin ReaChR and using light pulses for two-photon activation, highly localized arteriole contractions can be achieved. The method can be used to study arteriole contractile dynamics, produce transient focal blood flow reductions, and reshape vasodilatory responses to sensory stimulation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuhei Aoyama, Yuya Nishida, Hirotsugu Uzawa, Miwa Himuro, Akiko Kanai, Kyosei Ueki, Minami Ito, Hitoshi Iida, Isei Tanida, Takeshi Miyatsuka, Yoshio Fujitani, Masaki Matsumoto, Hirotaka Watada
Summary: Autophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis in pancreatic beta cells, but the autophagic flux induced in different physiological conditions in pancreatic islets is unclear. In this study, we developed transgenic mice expressing pHluorin-LC3-mCherry reporter to monitor systemic autophagic flux. Our findings demonstrate that autophagic flux in pancreatic islets is enhanced after starvation, and suppression of the flux after short-term refeeding requires more prolonged re-starvation in islets compared to other insulin-targeted organs. Moreover, insulin resistance leads to heterogeneity in autophagic flux in pancreatic beta cells, with high-autophagic flux cells exhibiting increased intracellular calcium influx by glucose stimulation and differential gene expression, including lipoprotein lipase. Our pHluorin-LC3-mCherry mice provide insights into the heterogeneity of autophagic flux in pancreatic beta cells.
CELL CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tiffany M. Richardson, Diane C. Saunders, Rachana Haliyur, Shristi Shrestha, Jean-Philippe Cartailler, Rachel B. Reinert, Jenna Petronglo, Rita Bottino, Radhika Aramandla, Amber M. Bradley, Regina Jenkins, Sharon Phillips, Hakmook Kang, Alejandro Caicedo, Alvin C. Powers, Marcela Brissova
Summary: The autonomic nervous system regulates pancreatic function. Islet capillaries and nerve fibers in islets play important roles in islet hormone secretion. In type 1 diabetes, beta cell loss results in a decline in intraislet capillaries and reduction of islet innervation, possibly contributing to abnormal glucagon secretion.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anastasiia Kozlova, Daniil Bratashov, Oleg Grishin, Arkadii Abdurashitov, Ekaterina Prikhozhdenko, Roman Verkhovskii, Natalia Shushunova, Evgeny Shashkov, Vladimir P. Zharov, Olga Inozemtseva
Summary: A dynamic blood vessel phantom was introduced for standardization of in vivo liquid biopsy techniques, successfully calibrating the PA flow cytometry platform by mimicking normal and abnormal cells. The results suggest that these dynamic cell flow phantoms may be promising for establishing standardization tools for various detection methods.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Manon Jaffredo, Eleonore Bertin, Antoine Pirog, Emilie Puginier, Julien Gaitan, Sandra Oucherif, Fanny Lebreton, Domenico Bosco, Bogdan Catargi, Daniel Cattaert, Sylvie Renaud, Jochen Lang, Matthieu Raoux
Summary: Biphasic activity in islet beta-cells is regulated by multicellular electrical signals and dynamic synchronization between beta-cells, contributing to glucose homeostasis. Different organizational modes exist in the first and second phase of islet activity, with small active beta-cell clusters dominating the first phase and large functional clusters formed by electrical coupling in the second phase. Factors like glucagon-like peptide 1, aging, and glucotoxicity influence the coupling activity and may contribute to functional deficits in type 2 diabetes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hong Wang, Marko Z. Vatamaniuk, Zeping Zhao, Xin Gen Lei
Summary: Our study aimed to investigate the relationship between the expression and function of Reg family genes and antioxidant enzymes in pancreatic islets and human pancreatic cells. We found that altering the Gpx1 and Sod1 genes in mice affected the expression of most Reg genes in islets. In addition, REG2 protein inhibited islet proliferation in mice with Gpx1 or Sod1 alterations, and treating human pancreatic cells with murine REG2 protein affected gene expression, enzyme activities, and cell viability.
Article
Biology
Andrew T. Francis, Bryce Manifold, Elena C. Carlson, Ruoqian Hu, Andrew H. Hill, Shuaiqian Men, Dan Fu
Summary: This study presents the construction of a microscope that allows simultaneous nonlinear absorption, Raman, and fluorescence imaging. Machine learning is used to predict the identity of cells lining capillaries, which has significant implications for multiple research fields.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nizar I. Mourad, Daela Xhema, Pierre Gianello
Summary: The study investigated the glucagon secretion characteristics of pig islet cells and found that high glucose concentration significantly inhibited glucagon secretion. In vivo experiments showed a quick decrease in plasma glucagon and a slower increase in plasma insulin after glucose injection.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Cara D. Nielson, Andy Y. Shih
Summary: This article describes a method to study pericyte function in the living mouse brain. By optically ablating individual pericytes, the researchers can examine their roles in the local capillary network and remaining cells.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Jingting Yao, Justin D. Sprick, Jinhee Jeong, Jeanie Park, David A. Reiter
Summary: This study used time-frequency spectral analysis of resting near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signals to evaluate the regulation of peripheral microvascular perfusion in CKD patients. The findings suggest that CKD patients have impaired neurogenic and endothelial functions, which may be associated with increased sympathetic activity and reduced endothelial function in CKD.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yoh Sugawara, Yusuke Mizuno, Shinya Oku, Yuri Sawada, Takahisa Goto
Summary: This study investigated the role of Protein kinase D (PKD) in aortic contraction and hemodynamics, finding that PKD1 plays a crucial role in these processes through phosphorylation of MYPT1 and actin polymerization in a calcium-independent manner.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Xuenan Zhuang, Guiqin He, Yunkao Zeng, Miaoling Li, Yongyue Su, Xuelin Chen, Yining Zhang, Yuhong Gan, Feng Wen, Xiongze Zhang
Summary: This study assessed the impact of acute, heavy alcohol consumption on the ocular microvasculature. The findings suggest that excessive alcohol consumption leads to vasoconstriction in ocular arterioles and vasodilation in capillaries, particularly evident 1-hour post-consumption.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Ayuki Nakano, Akane Morita, Shiho Arima, Tohru Nagamitsu, Tsutomu Nakahara
Summary: This study examines the preventative and therapeutic effects of inhibiting mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) on abnormal retinal blood vessels in a rat model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The results suggest that mTORC1 activation in proliferating endothelial cells contributes to the appearance and progression of ROP-like retinal blood vessels. Inhibition of mTORC1 may be a promising approach for selectively targeting abnormal retinal blood vessels in ROP.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Bing Wang, Xiaohong Song, Xu Zhang, Yuan Li, Mengting Xu, Xueting Liu, Bingwei Li, Sunjing Fu, Hao Ling, Yingyu Wang, Xiaoyan Zhang, Ailing Li, Mingming Liu
Summary: This study found that glycine supplementation can improve pancreatic microcirculation in T1DM mice and reverse the production of inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, glycine supplementation also alleviates damage to pancreatic islet and vascular tissues, suggesting a potential therapeutic effect for T1DM.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Merve Erkisa Genel, Kaan Adacan, Selin Selvi, Deniz Erol Kutucu, Ayca Uvez, Elif Ilkay Armutak, Abdurrahman Sengul, Engin Ulukaya, Ebru Gurel Gurevin
Summary: This study investigated the anti-growth/cytotoxic effect of a dinuclear Pd(II) complex on breast cancer cell lines and confirmed its anti-migration and antiangiogenic properties. The results suggest the potential of this complex in the treatment of breast cancer.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Cedric Mueller, Christoph Hauser, Justin Carrard, Konstantin Gugleta, Timo Hinrichs, Arno Schmidt-Trucksass, Henner Hanssen, Lukas Streese
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the differences in microvascular health between normotensive individuals and patients with arterial hypertension and to assess the effects of short-term high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on microvascular health in patients with arterial hypertension. The study found that short-term HIIT can ameliorate hypertension-induced retinal microvascular abnormalities in patients with arterial hypertension.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yuyang Hou, Wenjing Du, Qiong Wu, Xinyu Chai, Yinan Wang, Yingqian Mi, Yuan Tian, Mengyan Tang, Jun Li, Dongmei Yan
Summary: This study identified a prognostic signature consisting of four genes in bladder cancer patients and utilized angiogenesis-related genes and molecular subtypes to construct this signature, which could help predict survival outcomes. The study also evaluated immune cell infiltration and predicted chemotherapeutic responses, confirming the effectiveness of this prognostic signature.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Sean D. Mcgarry, Cynthia Adjekukor, Suchit Ahuja, Jasper Greysson-Wong, Idy Vien, Kristina D. Rinker, Sarah J. Childs
Summary: The article introduces a software tool called Vessel Metrics for analyzing developmental vascular microscopy images, which can expedite the analysis process and ensure consistency between research groups. The tool includes a segmentation algorithm that accurately quantifies different image types and has been validated in zebrafish and mouse models.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Y. P. Latul, C. Ince, N. E. van Trommel, A. van den Brandhof-van den Berg, J. P. W. R. Roovers, A. W. Kastelein
Summary: This study evaluated the real-time detection capability of handheld vital microscopy (HVM) for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer (CC). The results showed that HVM enables easy, real-time, and non-invasive assessment of cervical lesions through the detection of microvascular alterations. This method has the potential to be used for point-of-care screening, reducing unnecessary surgical interventions.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Zhifei Liu, Jieqiong Zhang, Xue Li, Qiumei Hu, Xi Chen, Linlin Luo, Liqianyu Ai, Jian Ye
Summary: The study revealed that astrocytic YAP can alleviate retinal pathological angiogenesis by inhibiting overactivation of astrocytes, thereby suppressing excessive VEGF-A production and neuroinflammation.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Robert G. Hahn
Summary: The fast-exchange interstitial fluid compartment is directly connected to the circulating blood, while the slow-exchange compartment is not.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Nadia Hamjane, Mohcine Bennani Mechita, Naima Ghailani Nourouti, Amina Barakat
Summary: Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a crucial role in the development of obesity-related metabolic abnormalities, including insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation is a major mechanism linking gut microbiota dysbiosis to obesity-associated metabolic complications.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Guangzhen Zhou, Yan Gao, Yanbin Shi, Shengnan Qiu, Guimei Lin, Xinbing Ding, Wenguang Wang, Yihua Feng, Fei Wang, Jinwei Qiao
Summary: This study utilized an in vitro biomimetic experimental system to investigate the transvascular transport of nano-preparations, and found that the pressure gradient between vascular fluid pressure and interstitial fluid pressure determines the existence of the enhanced penetration and retention effect of nanopreparations.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Kenji Chamoto, Barry C. Gibney, Willi L. Wagner, Maximilian Ackermann, Hassan A. Khalil, Steven J. Mentzer
Summary: In the study, the process of angiogenesis in adult regenerating tissue was investigated by grafting portions of the regenerating lung onto the chick chorioallantoic membrane. The results showed peri-graft angiogenesis, particularly in the cardiac lobe. Functional vascular connections were observed between the cardiac lobe and the chick chorioallantoic membrane vascular network. Elevated gene expression levels were found in the cardiac lobe compared to other lobes.
MICROVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2024)
