Article
Oncology
Aileen I. Fernandez, Niki Gavrielatou, Leena McCann, Saba Shafi, Myrto K. Moutafi, Sandra Martinez-Morilla, Ioannis A. Vathiotis, Thazin Nwe Aung, Vesal Yaghoobi, Yalai Bai, Yvonne G. Chan, Jodi Weidler, Roy Herbst, Michael Bates, David L. Rimm
Summary: This study investigates the use of PD-L1 mRNA level as a predictive biomarker for nonresponse to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in lung cancer patients. The results show that high levels of PD-L1 and PD-L2 mRNA are associated with improved long-term benefit and overall survival, while low PD-L1 mRNA level has a high negative predictive value for absence of long-term benefit.
JOURNAL OF THORACIC ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Giovanni Pietro Burrai, Salwa Hawko, Silvia Dei Giudici, Marta Polinas, Pier Paolo Angioi, Lorena Mura, Alberto Alberti, Chadi Hosri, Georges Hassoun, Annalisa Oggiano, Elisabetta Antuofermo
Summary: Porcine respiratory disease complex (PRDC) is a significant threat to the swine industry, causing economic losses worldwide. In addition to endemic viruses such as PRRSV and PCV2, emerging viruses including TTSuV, PCV3, and PPV2 have been associated with PRDC. This study investigates the presence of these viruses in different age groups of swine by histopathology and real-time PCR. Results show the prevalence of interstitial pneumonia in post-weaning pigs, with PRRSV and PCV2 detected in different proportions across age groups. TTSuV, PCV3, and PPV2 were also detected, emphasizing the need for comprehensive approaches to control PRDC and minimize economic losses.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Oivind Bergh, Torsten Snogdal Boutrup, Renate Johansen, Helle Frank Skall, Nina Sandlund, Niels Jorgen Olesen
Summary: The viral hemorrhagic septicaemia virus (VHSV) is shown to cause high mortalities in Atlantic herring. Two VHSV genotypes (Ib and III) from Norway and Denmark have been tested, and it is found that genotype Ib has a high prevalence and mortality rate, suggesting a negative impact on wild Atlantic herring stocks. Further research is needed to understand how VHSV affects wild Atlantic herring stocks.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Victor Hugo Brunaldi Marutani, Flavia Miyabe, Alice Fernandes Alfieri, Camila Domit, Andressa Maria Rorato Nascimento de Matos, Mario Roberto Castro Meira Filho, Ana Paula Frederico Rodrigues Loureiro Bracarense
Summary: Cetacean morbillivirus (CeMV) was found to have a prevalence of 27.5% in non-epizootic conditions in a world heritage site in Southern Brazil, with interstitial pneumonia and non-suppurative encephalitis as main pathological findings. The study used a combination of pathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular assays to investigate CeMV occurrence under non-epizootic circumstances, shedding light on the virus's behavior in such conditions.
TRANSBOUNDARY AND EMERGING DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Xue-Lian Luo, Xiu-Dan Zhang, Bei-Jie Li, Tian Qin, Zhi-Jie Cao, Qian-Jin Fan, Jing Yang, Dong Jin, Shan Lu, Ya-Yun Zheng, Xue-Fang Xu, Ji Pu, Jianguo Xu
Summary: Lassa virus is an important human pathogen causing hemorrhagic fever in West Africa, with an increasing risk of imported cases to other countries due to increased traveling. The high nucleotide diversity of the virus strains complicates the development of diagnostic assays. The GPC RT-PCR/2007 assay and the Mabsky kit showed good sensitivity and specificity for detecting most LASV strains.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Article
Biology
Isabel Legaz, Estefania Barrera-Perez, Agustin Sibon, Francisco Martinez-Diaz, Maria D. Perez-Carceles
Summary: This study aims to differentiate seawater drowning (SWD) from other causes of death by investigating the concentration of oxidative stress markers (MDA and GSH) and the expression of surfactant protein A (SP-A) in human lung cadavers. The results showed higher levels of oxidative stress markers and SP-A expression in SWD cases. Therefore, measuring these indicators can be useful in diagnosing SWD.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Georgi Tomov, Nikola Stamenov, Deyan Neychev, Kiril Atliev
Summary: This study aimed to examine the possible association between tongue piercing and Candida spp. infection in healthy individuals. The results suggest that the main risk factors for tongue colonization with Candida spp. are gender, smoking, and improper hygiene, while tongue piercing is not a risk factor for colonization of Candida spp.
Article
Immunology
Danna Zhou, Shuangshuang Wang, Keli Yang, Xue Liu, Wei Liu, Rui Guo, Wan Liang, Fangyan Yuan, Zewen Liu, Ting Gao, Yong-xiang Tian
Summary: A new real-time nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (RT-NASBA) method was developed for rapid detection of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), showing high specificity and sensitivity.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Line Lobaloba Ingoba, Ayodele Adedoja, Simon Marie Peko, Francesco Vairo, Najmul Haider, Richard Kock, Giuseppe Ippolito, Ali Zumla, Etienne Nguimbi, Srinivas Reddy Pallerla, Thirumalaisamy P. Velavan, Francine Ntoumi
Summary: The study evaluated diagnostic methods for CHIK and malaria in febrile Congolese patients, finding a high rate of co-infection. Real-time PCR was identified as a better tool for detecting actual occurrences of CHIK in a malaria holoendemic area.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Umberto Malapelle, Paola Parente, Francesco Pepe, Caterina De Luca, Pasquale Pisapia, Roberta Sgariglia, Mariantonia Nacchio, Gianluca Gragnano, Gianluca Russo, Floriana Conticelli, Claudio Bellevicine, Elena Vigliar, Antonino Iaccarino, Claudia Covelli, Mariangela Balistreri, Celeste Clemente, Giovanni Perrone, Angela Danza, Fabio Scaramuzzi, Matteo Fassan, Giancarlo Troncone, Paolo Graziano
Summary: Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have shown efficacy in treating advanced stage colorectal cancer and other solid tumors with deficient DNA mismatch repair or high microsatellite instability status. Molecular techniques, such as Idylla(TM) MSI test and TapeStation 4200, play a central role in evaluating dMMR/MSI-H status in various types of solid tumors, not just in CRC patients.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Elodie Long-Mira, Alexandra Picard-Gauci, Sandra Lassalle, Veronique Hofman, Salome Lalvee, Virginie Tanga, Katia Zahaf, Christelle Bonnetaud, Virginie Lespinet, Olivier Camuzard, Henri Montaudie, Gilles Poissonnet, Thierry Passeron, Marius Ilie, Paul Hofman
Summary: Testing for the BRAF mutation is essential for managing patients with locally advanced or metastatic melanoma. Using molecular analysis based on DNA sequencing is the gold standard method for screening mutations. Comparison between the Idylla BRAF Mutation Test and anti-BRAF V600E immunohistochemistry showed a 91% agreement rate for the detection of BRAF V600E mutation.
Article
Microbiology
G. Vidanapathirana, A. L. S. K. Angulmaduwa, T. S. Munasinghe, E. W. M. A. Ekanayake, P. Harasgama, S. T. Kudagammana, B. N. Dissanayake, L. V. C. Liyanapathirana
Summary: The colonization rate of pneumococci was higher when detected using RT-PCR compared to culture, although it was lower in healthy children. The pneumococcal colonization density in children with respiratory symptoms was higher, but not significantly different compared to previous studies. Further evaluation of RT-PCR for pneumococcal detection is needed.
Article
Medicine, Legal
Pierre-Antoine Peyron, Sophie Colomb, Dorian Becas, Aurelie Adriansen, Guillaume Gauchotte, Laurent Tiers, Gregory Marin, Sylvain Lehmann, Eric Baccino, Constance Delaby, Christophe Hirtz
Summary: This study evaluated the ability of 10 candidate cytokines to discriminate between vital and early post-mortem wounds, with IL-8 identified as the best discriminatory cytokine. Further research is needed to confirm these preliminary findings.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF LEGAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Zeinab Alsaheli, Ali Abdallah, Ornella Incerti, Ahmad Shalaby, Sahar Youssef, Michele Digiaro, Toufic Elbeaino
Summary: Singleplex and multiplex real-time RT-PCR assays were developed to detect seven fig-infecting viruses, and a large-scale survey in Egypt showed a high prevalence of mixed infections, with FMV being the most commonly observed virus.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wajeehah Wajahat, Z. R. Azaz Ahmad Azad, Sadaf Nazir, Gazia Nasir
Summary: The study evaluated the use of RT-PCR to detect adulteration of camel milk, successfully amplifying camel specific primers. The results indicated positive amplification for camel milk and its products, demonstrating the effectiveness and practicality of this method for identification.
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-MYSORE
(2022)