Review
Engineering, Industrial
C. N. Joe Lee, S. W. Simon Li, H. K. Daniel Chow
Summary: This paper systematically reviews recent literature on student backpack design for health improvement and identifies gaps for further research. The study found that minimizing oscillation in the medial-lateral direction, using wider shoulder straps and hip straps are important in backpack design for health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS
(2021)
Article
Thermodynamics
Zehao Hou, Wenyu Zha, Hongbo Wang, Wei-Hsin Liao, Chris R. Bowen, Junyi Cao
Summary: Inspired by the dynamics of noninertial systems, a novel bistable energy harvesting backpack is proposed to improve biomechanical energy harvesting performance. The backpack uses a change in spring torque direction to achieve bistability. A detailed model is developed to analyze the influence of backpack mass on symmetry, bifurcation frequency, and amplitude of oscillation. Comparison with a traditional linear backpack shows that the new bistable design exhibits improved frequency bandwidth and harvesting performance.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lisa J. Neilson, Lesley A. Macaskill, Jonathan M. H. Luk, Navreeti Sharma, Marina Salvadori, Jamie A. Seabrook, Paula D. N. Dworatzek
Summary: This study compared the caloric and nutrient values of packed lunches and found that those brought by students in the Balanced School Day (BSD) had higher energy and nutrient content compared to those in the Traditional Schedule (TS). Students in the BSD consumed more energy and nutrients, suggesting that two 20-minute eating opportunities could contribute to excess caloric intake and potentially childhood overweight and obesity. Both schedules had packed lunches with excess amounts of nutrients of concern, highlighting the need for nutritious lunches in Canadian schools.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alireza Mostafavi, Mohammad Reza Zakerzadeh, Ali Sadighi, Mahdi Abdollah Chalaki
Summary: This paper presents an optimized design of a suspended-load backpack with a mechanical motion rectifier (MMR) that harvests energy from human body motion. The Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to optimize system parameters for maximum output power with a lightweight 8-kg backpack. Experimental results show high instant power and average power compared to previous works. Additionally, a modified dynamic model of the backpack is proposed based on experimental data to minimize output power error.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Ergonomics
Barbara A. Morrongiello, Michael Corbett
Summary: The study found that although wearing a heavy backpack slowed down children's walking speed, they took compensatory actions to maintain safety, therefore there was no greater risk. Age and sex did not influence the results.
ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Soode Behmaram, Ali Jalalvand, Mohammad Reza Jahani
Summary: This study highlights the different effects of carrying heavy backpacks and muscle fatigue on ground reaction force components in primary school children with flat-foot deformity. The findings suggest that fatigue induced by backpacks can significantly impact GRF characteristics in children with low foot arch, indicating the importance of considering fatigue in rehabilitation interventions for flat-foot deformity.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paulina Tomal, Anna Fryzowicz, Elzbieta Skorupska, Lechoslaw B. Dworak
Summary: This study examined the impact of carrying additional loads using a backpack on gait kinematics among seven-year-old children in Poland. The results showed that children's gait changes significantly when carrying loads, with the most suitable limit being 10% of body weight, applicable to both genders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Elizabeth W. Kelley
Summary: The pharmaceutical industry has played a crucial role in improving life expectancies and driving chemistry employment. However, the incorporation of computational chemistry tools into high school and undergraduate curricula is lacking. This paper outlines the introduction of a computer-aided drug design (CADD) tool to high school students, aiming to enhance industry-relevant learning experiences, student motivation in pursuing chemistry careers, and public understanding of STEM careers and medicines. Materials are provided to assist instructors in replicating this project in their own courses.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Odeta Manahasa, Ahsen Ozsoy, Edmond Manahasa
Summary: This paper explores the attribute of Post Occupancy Evaluation (POE) in school (re) design through observing the relationship between children and the built environment, as well as how children actively engage in problems of school design. It presents empirically grounded research with 502 children aged 10-14 years old from three different schools in Albania, highlighting the importance of child participation in proposing child-oriented spaces. The study identifies six design concepts desired by children for school buildings, emphasizing the dynamic language of participation based on children's experience, perception, imagination, and active involvement in learning environments.
BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Economics
Lucia Rotaris, Fabio Del Missier, Mariangela Scorrano
Summary: Through an online survey, we found significant differences in attitudes and perceptions between middle school students and parents regarding the choice of commuting methods, risks and benefits of different means of transportation, and supportive policies for active commuting. Our study is innovative in focusing on middle school students and exploring the role played by each family member in the decision-making process. The results will be valuable for local administrators, decision-makers, and policy-makers in promoting healthier and more sustainable transportation options for middle school students.
RESEARCH IN TRANSPORTATION ECONOMICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Theory & Methods
Solene Bernard, Patrick Bas, John Klein, Tomas Pevny
Summary: The minmax protocol automatically optimizes steganographic algorithms against various steganalytic detectors, while Backpack provides a theoretically sound solution to address the flaws in the protocol. Experimental verification shows that Backpack performs better than ADV-EMB and enhances the security of steganographic algorithms.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Matthew D. Lammi, John G. Wells, John Gero
Summary: This paper presents the results of a 2-year longitudinal study comparing the design cognition of high school students with and without formal engineering design experiences. The study reveals significant differences in design issues, processes, and cognitive effort between the two student groups during design sessions.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TECHNOLOGY AND DESIGN EDUCATION
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Yu-Hung Chien, Chia-Yu Liu, Shaio-Chung Chan, Yu-Shan Chang
Summary: This study compared engineering design learning between high school and college first-year students using a battlebot design curriculum. The results show that college first-year students performed significantly better in creative product analysis, but both groups were similar in their reflections on engineering design behaviors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STEM EDUCATION
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Motohiro Okada, Ryusuke Matsumoto, Takashi Shiroyama, Eishi Motomura
Summary: The suicide mortality rate per 100 000 population (SMRP) in Japan has shown a consistent decrease until the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. This study aimed to identify trends and factors associated with suicidal mortality and motives among students in Japan from 2007 to 2022. The findings revealed that school-related, health-related, and family-related problems were major motives for suicide among students. The impact of health-related and family-related motives varied with age, and the rates associated with interpersonal relationships increased significantly during the pandemic.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Ximena de Toro, Mahia Saracostti, Laura Lara, Horacio Miranda, Edgardo Miranda-Zapata
Summary: This article shows the relationship between school engagement and academic achievement, contextual factors, and gender. Through a study of 527 students enrolled in the 1st year of secondary education in public schools in Chile, it was found that school engagement can be classified into three types: high, medium, and low, and students with higher engagement have better performance in language and math. The results are consistent with previous studies, indicating the importance of contextual factors and better behavioral engagement in female students than male students.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fares F. Alferdaws, Mohamed Z. Ramadan
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2020)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mohamed Z. Ramadan, Atef M. Ghaleb, Adham E. Ragab
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mohamed Z. Ramadan, Sultan N. Al-Tayyar
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2020)
Article
Biophysics
Atef M. Ghaleb, Mohamed Z. Ramadan, Ahmed Badwelan, Lamjed Mansour, Jameel Al-Tamimi, Khalid Saad Aljaloud
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOMETEOROLOGY
(2020)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Adel Al-Shayea, Fawaz M. Abdullah, Mohammed A. Noman, Husam Kaid, Emad Abouel Nasr
ADVANCES IN MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mokhtar Ali Amrani, Atef M. Ghaleb, Adham E. Ragab, Mohamed Z. Ramadan, Tamer M. Khalaf
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2020)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Adel M. Al-Shayea, Mustafa Saleh, Moath Alatefi, Mageed Ghaleb
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tamer M. Khalaf, Mohamed Z. Ramadan, Adham E. Ragab, Mohammed H. Alhaag, Khalil A. AlSharabi
Summary: Handling unknown weights may increase stress and physical demand during manual lifting tasks. Eliminating uncertainty is crucial and can be achieved through self-sensing of the load or disclosing the actual weight.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Abdulmajeed Dabwan, Adham E. Ragab, Mohamed A. Saleh, Atef M. Ghaleb, Mohamed Z. Ramadan, Syed Hammad Mian, Tamer M. Khalaf
Summary: Incremental sheet forming is a versatile method for manufacturing complex parts using computer numerical control, without the need for specialized tools. It is commonly used for rapid prototyping and small batch production, and factors like tool diameter, sheet thickness, step size, and feed rate have significant impacts on product quality.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE INSTITUTION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PART L-JOURNAL OF MATERIALS-DESIGN AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Mohammed H. Alhaag, Mohamed Z. Ramadan, Ibrahim M. Al-harkan, Faisal M. Alessa, Hisham Alkhalefah, Mustufa Haider Abidi, Abdelaty E. Sayed
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of maintenance task complexity on muscle fatigue and perceived workload. The findings suggest that complex tasks can lead to more muscle fatigue and increased mental, physical, and temporal demands, effort, and frustration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mohamed Z. Ramadan, Sultan N. Al-Tayyar, Mohammed H. Alhaag, Ahmed T. Soliman, Abdelaty E. Abdelgawad
Summary: This study compared the effects of an ergonomically designed schoolbag and a commercial schoolbag on students' spine and body posture. The results showed that the ergonomically designed schoolbag reduced spinal stress and discomfort, while the commercial schoolbag increased heart rate and discomfort. Therefore, strategies such as new educational inventions and policy changes should be introduced to reduce the potential impact of carrying heavy loads on students.
WORK-A JOURNAL OF PREVENTION ASSESSMENT & REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Mohamed Z. Ramadan, Fares F. Alferdaws
Summary: This study assessed the physical factors of precision lifting tasks and their effects on muscular activities, heart rate, and perceived exertion. The results showed that wearing heavy safety shoes increased efforts in specific muscular activities and that higher lifting frequency led to rapid increases in heart rate and perceived exertion.
WORK-A JOURNAL OF PREVENTION ASSESSMENT & REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mohammed H. Alhaag, Atef M. Ghaleb, Lamjed Mansour, Mohamed Z. Ramadan
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of cycling on a stationary bike while executing a keyboard assembly task on task completion time, error percentage, and physiological and subjective measurements. The results showed that participants' performance in the keyboard assembly task was not affected while performing pedaling exercises.
Article
Engineering, Industrial
Atef M. Ghaleb, Mohamed Z. Ramadan, Lamjed Mansour, Jameel Al-Tamimi, Khalid Saad Aljaloud
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL ERGONOMICS
(2020)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Adel Al-Shayea, Emad Fararah, Emad Abouel Nasr, Haitham A. Mahmoud