Review
Energy & Fuels
Zhendong Ye, Hongzhi Liu, Wantong Wang, Han Liu, Jing Lv, Fan Yang
Summary: This review focuses on the dehydration/hydration kinetics of pure salt hydrates and the desorption/sorption kinetics of composite salt hydrates. The rate of dehydration/desorption can be accelerated by increasing heating temperature or decreasing water vapor pressure, while low temperature and high water vapor pressure are usually beneficial for hydration/sorption kinetics. Smaller particle sizes and larger relative surface areas can enhance the reaction kinetics. The desorption/sorption kinetics of composite salt hydrates are generally faster than those of pure salt hydrates.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
W. Kooijman, D. J. Kok, M. A. R. Blijlevens, H. Meekes, E. Vlieg
Summary: This paper tests a relatively new class of thermochemical compounds for their heat storage potential and identifies one material that meets the desired criteria. Additionally, there are five other salts that meet two out of the three criteria.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Hongzhi Liu, Wantong Wang, Yaning Zhang
Summary: The study focuses on open and closed TCES systems based on salt hydrates, discussing reactor types, charging temperatures, energy storage density, and costs. It is found that system-level energy storage density is lower and released energy costs are higher, requiring research on inexpensive abundant salt hydrates and optimization of system components to increase efficiency.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Ruby-Jean Clark, Gohar Gholamibozanjani, Jason Woods, Sumanjeet Kaur, Adewale Odukomaiya, Said Al-Hallaj, Mohammed Farid
Summary: This study selected and tested the most promising salts for storing intermediate heat energy. Based on the set criteria, SrCl2 and SrBr2 were concluded to be the most promising salts.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Joey Aarts, Bas van Ravensteijn, Hartmut Fischer, Olaf Adan, Henk Huinink
Summary: Non-stabilized thermochemical materials have limitations such as swelling/shrinkage, cracking, and agglomeration. This study stabilized salt hydrates in a porous polymer matrix, showing stability against deliquescence. Different composites were cycled, with the K2CO3-polymer composite being stable for 50 cycles, the LiCl-polymer composite becoming unstable after 40 cycles, and the CaCl2 composite stable for 15 cycles. These composites achieved high energy densities and power outputs, providing new pathways for stabilizing salt hydrates.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jinjin Rui, Yimo Luo, Mengqi Wang, Jinqing Peng, Xiaohui She
Summary: Thermochemical energy storage with salt hydrates is attracting attention for its high energy storage density, low regeneration temperature, and long-term storage without energy loss. In this study, a novel reactor was designed to address the issues of non-uniform reaction and liquefaction of salt hydrates. The new reactor dispersed the air flow and extended the air outlet channel into the salt bed to increase contact area and remove water vapor, resulting in a 26% reduction in reaction time and a 2.5% increase in thermal efficiency compared to the traditional reactor. Furthermore, the study found that the inlet air temperature had the most significant impact on both thermal efficiency and reaction time, and there was an optimal length of the outflow channel for the shortest reaction time and highest thermal efficiency.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Andrew Martin, Drew Lilley, Ravi Prasher, Sumanjeet Kaur
Summary: Thermal energy storage solutions, specifically the use of thermochemical materials (TCMs), can help reduce energy consumption, greenhouse gas emissions, and cost. However, TCMs suffer from instabilities at the material and reactor level, leading to poor efficiency and high storage costs. This study develops a model to predict the pulverization limit of TCMs during thermal cycling, providing design rules for mechanically stable TCM composites and enabling more energy-efficient manufacturing processes.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Henk Huinink, Stan de Jong, Vera Houben
Summary: The hydration of packed beds of millimeter-sized salt hydrate particles is essential for low temperature thermochemical energy storage. A model for packed bed hydration as an advection-reaction process is developed, and traveling wave solutions are obtained to describe the moving hydration front. The hydration front speed is orders of magnitude slower than the air velocity in the particle bed, and its width ranges from 10 to 100 cm under relevant conditions. Constant hydration rates and power output can only be achieved in meter-sized TCES reactors. Temperature gradients and finite size effects need to be further investigated and analyzed.
JOURNAL OF ENERGY STORAGE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Melian A. R. Blijlevens, Natalia Mazur, Wessel Kooijman, Hartmut R. Fischer, Henk P. Huinink, Hugo Meekes, Elias Vlieg
Summary: This study experimentally determines the thermodynamic properties of SrCl2 and reveals its high energy density and full cyclability for at least 10 cycles. The research also investigates the thermodynamic equilibria and metastable zones for each transition, as well as the influence of sample preparation on nucleation kinetics.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2022)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Ting Yan, Hong Zhang
Summary: This article introduces the thermodynamic characteristics and reaction kinetics of salt hydrate-based thermochemical sorption heat storage technology, and evaluates the heat storage potential of salt hydrates. The selection criteria of sorption materials and reaction kinetics models are summarized. The challenges and advanced designs of thermochemical sorption heat storage system are also evaluated.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kelvin Randhir, Michael Hayes, Philipp Schimmels, Joerg Petrasch, James Klausner
Summary: This work presents a unique thermochemical process for charging magnesium-manganese-oxide-based solid-state rechargeable redox fuel. The high-temperature heating of the system can be driven by renewable electricity or concentrated solar power. The main focus of this work is achieving solid flowability at high temperatures and extracting chemically charged solid at ambient temperature with minimal energy loss. The operation strategies described in this work have achieved high system and thermal-to-chemical efficiency, which are the highest reported to date for thermochemical fuels.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Steven Kiyabu, Patrick Girard, Donald J. Siegel
Summary: This study predicts the energy densities, turning temperatures, and thermodynamic stabilities of a class of potential thermal energy storage materials through high-throughput density functional theory calculations. Several stable TES materials with superior performance are identified among many salt hydrates and demonstrated at the system level. Machine learning models are developed for salt hydrate thermodynamics to provide design guidelines for maximizing energy density.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Crystallography
Jakob Werner, Jakob Smith, Berthold Stoeger, Werner Artner, Andreas Werner, Peter Weinberger
Summary: Salt hydrates show potential for thermochemical energy storage, but practical applications face challenges. Investigation of different salt hydrates identified materials with high heat storage capacities. Crystal structures of derivatives were determined. In situ X-ray diffraction provided insights into the structural changes during dehydration and rehydration processes.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Bas G. P. van Ravensteijn, Pim A. J. Donkers, Rick C. Ruliaman, Jacco Eversdijk, Hartmut R. Fischer, Henk P. Huinink, Olaf C. G. Adan
Summary: Efficient and cheap storage of energy from renewable resources is crucial for the ongoing energy transition. Storing heat in thermochemical materials (TCMs) like salt hydrates can meet this demand by capturing heat reversibly and loss-free. However, a persistent bottleneck in full-scale application is the low mechanical resilience of salt grains and their tendency to coagulate or dissolve when in contact with water vapor. Encapsulating salt grains with stabilizing polymer coatings, such as cellulose-based coatings, can enhance their structural integrity and permeability, making them suitable for domestic TCM-based heat storage applications.
ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Dasol Choi, Soyoung Noh, Youngjune Park
Summary: Calcium looping (CaL)-based solar to thermochemical energy storage is a promising option for long-term thermal energy storage in concentrated solar power generation. In this study, multi-doping of transition metals and CaCl2 was investigated to enhance the optical absorption and carbonation reactivity of synthetic CaO-based materials. The proposed materials exhibited significantly enhanced optical absorption and maintained high performance throughout multiple cycles of CaL reactions. The reaction mechanism was studied, and a salt-promoted carbonation mechanism was proposed to improve the mass transfer of Ca2+O2- to adsorbed CO2. Based on the findings, the synergistic use of CaCl2 multi-doping method for synthetic CaO designs is suggested.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
B. J. ElTaher, R. Sabouni, M. Ghommem, A. H. Alami
Summary: Mercury levels in aqueous environments have reached alarming rates globally. This study focuses on the development of lightweight sensors to monitor mercury concentrations in real-time. Four luminescent MOFs were synthesized, characterized, and tested for their ability to detect mercury in competitive aqueous media. The results demonstrate the superior selective detection capabilities of NH2-Cd-BDC and NH2-MIL53(Al) MOFs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Mahmoud Ayyad, Muhammad R. Hajj, Reza Marsooli
Summary: Risk-informed coastal management requires assessment of extreme flood hazards from a large number of storm scenarios. To account for impact of climate change, physics-based simulations can be combined with Artificial Neural Network models to support faster and more effective prediction of low-probability events.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Mohamad Omari, Mehdi Ghommem, Lotfi Romdhane, Muhammad R. Hajj
Summary: The research aims to enable robotic fish operation in rapidly changing underwater environments that may require transitions between swimming modes. By simulating, validating, and analyzing the performance of a bio-inspired transformable tail, it was found that locomotion modes can impact swimming performance, and that synchronicity of locomotion parameters has a greater effect on overall thrust.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Tamaghna Gupta, Rohit Gupta, Mohammadhossein Dabaghi, Rakesh P. Sahu, Jeremy A. Hirota, Ishwar K. Puri
Summary: This study presents a rapid, insert-free magnetic exclusion technique using magnetic fields to create reproducible cell aggregates. The technique is inexpensive, easy to use, and amenable to automation, with potential applications in cancer research, high throughput drug discovery, and screening.
ADVANCED MATERIALS TECHNOLOGIES
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mehdi Ghommem, Vladimir Puzyrev, Rana Sabouni, Fehmi Najar
Summary: Gas sensors have been increasingly used for various applications, and this study proposes a novel MEMS gas sensor that utilizes mechanically-coupled microbeams and metal organic frameworks to detect the presence and estimate the concentrations of carbon dioxide and methane through deep learning methods. The results show high prediction accuracy and outperform classical statistical approaches.
APPLIED MATHEMATICAL MODELLING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Huifang Pang, Rakesh P. Sahu, Jia Liu, Yuanyuan Fu, Lingxi Huang, Yuping Duan, Ishwar K. Puri
Summary: By assembling magnetic and dielectric materials around carbon nanotubes, materials with high microwave absorbing properties can be achieved. The hierarchical multi-layered structure increases interface area and rearranges magnetic particles, leading to enhanced microwave absorption performance.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Krishna Jangid, Rohit Gupta, Rakesh P. Sahu, Igor Zhitomirsky, Ishwar K. Puri
Summary: This study uses planar bare electrodes fabricated with surface-modified multiwalled carbon nanotubes to detect organophosphate compounds. The thickness of the deposited nanotube layer influences the mass transport of the analyte and alters the electrochemical response of the electrode.
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Y. Liu, M. Hajj, Y. Bao
Summary: This review provides an overview of robot-based damage assessment technologies for offshore wind turbines, including robots as carriers of inspection devices, damage inspection approaches, and intelligent algorithms. By using robots and advanced algorithms for automated damage assessment, the operation and maintenance costs of wind turbines can be reduced.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Feng Qian, Mingyi Liu, Jianuo Huang, Jiajun Zhang, Hyunjun Jung, Zhiqun Daniel Deng, Muhammad R. Hajj, Lei Zuo
Summary: This paper presents a novel bio-inspired bi-stable piezoelectric energy harvester for self-powered animal telemetry tags. The harvester converts fish swing motions into electricity and has demonstrated effective power generation performance in laboratory experiments.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Krishna Jangid, Rakesh P. Sahu, Sadman Sakib, Igor Zhitomirsky, Ishwar K. Puri
Summary: The study presents a simple and effective method using metal oxide detecting agents and nitrogen-sulfur co-doped activated carbon-coated carbon nanotubes as supportive electrodes for electrochemical detection of water pollutants. The sensors showed excellent detection limits and anti-interference ability, making them a reliable on-site detection method.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Fehmi Najar, Mehdi Ghommem, Samed Kocer, Alaa Elhady, Eihab M. Abdel-Rahman
Summary: This study investigates the potential of multi-modal motions of electrostatically actuated asymmetric arch microbeams to design higher sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) inertial gas sensors. The study finds that utilizing modal interactions and modal hybridization can enhance the sensitivity and SNR of bifurcation-based sensors.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tamaghna Gupta, Rakesh P. P. Sahu, Mohammadhossein Dabaghi, Lily Shengjia Zhong, Yaron Shargall, Jeremy A. A. Hirota, Carl D. D. Richards, Ishwar K. K. Puri
Summary: Soluble signaling molecules and extracellular matrix (ECM) play a crucial role in regulating cell dynamics. In this study, a non-destructive magnetic exclusion technique is used to form annular aggregates of bronchial epithelial cells on different surfaces. The effects of various signaling molecules on cell dynamics are investigated, and the topography and wettability of the surfaces are measured. The magnetic exclusion-based assay provides a rapid and versatile alternative to traditional wound healing assays.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Parham Dadash Pour, Mehdi Ghommem, Abdessattar Abdelkefi
Summary: This study demonstrates the impact of incorporating perforations on the operation of microgrippers, improving their performance in terms of displacement and temperature. A novel design of microgripper using perforated electrothermal actuators was introduced, achieving better operation and lower stress. Computational modeling and experimental verification were conducted to analyze the effects of different perforation shapes and distributions.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Abdullah Abu Hawili, Mehdi Ghommem, Abdul Hai Alami, Shamma Alasad, Mehmet Egilmez, Wael Abu Zaid
Summary: This work investigates the synthesis and deposition of Fe-Cu bimetallic alloy on aluminum substrates for iron contaminants elimination in aqueous solutions. The coated aluminum electrodes showed promising magnetic and electrical transport properties. The transmission of the solution significantly increased from 20% to around 40% after the insertion of the electrodes, indicating the potential of this electrode as a cheap and recyclable paramagnet.
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE ADVANCES
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Mahsa Taghavi, Swapnil Sharma, Vemuri Balakotaiah
Summary: This study investigates the natural convection effects in the insulation layers of spherical storage tanks and their impact on the tanks' performance. The permeability and Rayleigh number of the insulation material are considered as key factors. The results show that as the Rayleigh number increases, new convective cells emerge and cause the cold boundary to approach the external hot boundary. In the case of large temperature differences, multiple solutions may coexist.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jinyang Xu, Fangjun Hong, Chaoyang Zhang
Summary: This study introduces a self-induced jet impingement device for enhancing pool boiling performance in high power electronic cooling. Through visualization and parametric investigations, the effects of this device on pool boiling performance are studied, revealing the promotion of additional liquid supply and vapor exhausting. The flow rate of the liquid jet is found to positively impact boiling performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Wenchao Ke, Yuan Liu, Fissha Biruke Teshome, Zhi Zeng
Summary: Underwater wet laser welding (UWLW) is a promising and labor-saving repair technique. A thermal multi-phase flow model was developed to study the heat transfer, fluid dynamics, and phase transitions during UWLW. The results show that UWLW creates a water keyhole, making the welding environment similar to in air laser welding.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Xingrong Lian, Lin Tian, Zengyao Li, Xinpeng Zhao
Summary: This study investigates the heat transfer mechanisms in natural fiber-derived porous structures and finds that thermal radiation has a significant impact on the thermal conductivity in low-density regions, while natural convection rarely occurs. Insulation materials derived from micron-sized natural fibers can achieve minimum thermal conductivity at specific densities. Strategies to lower the thermal conductivity include increasing porosity and incorporating nanoscale pores using nanosize fibers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Yasir A. Malik, Kilian Koebschall, Stephan Bansmer, Cameron Tropea, Jeanette Hussong, Philippe Villedieu
Summary: Ice crystal icing is a significant hazard in aviation, and accurate modeling of sticking efficiency is essential. In this study, icing wind tunnel experiments were conducted to quantify the volumetric liquid water fraction, sticking efficiency, and maximum thickness of ice layers. Two measurement techniques, calorimetry and capacitive measurements, were used to measure the liquid water content and distribution in the ice layers. The experiments showed that increasing wet bulb temperatures and substrate heat flux significantly increased sticking efficiency and maximum ice layer thickness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jinqi Hu, Tongtong Geng, Kun Wang, Yuanhong Fan, Chunhua Min, Hsien Chin Su
Summary: This study experimentally examined the heat dissipation of vibrating fans and demonstrated its inherent mechanism through numerical simulation. The results showed that the flow fields induced by the vibrating blades exhibited pulsating features and formed large-scale and small-scale vortical structures, significantly improving heat dissipation. The study also identified the impacts of different blade structures and developed a trapezoidal-folding blade, which effectively reduced the maximum temperature of the heat source and alleviated high-temperature failure crisis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Dan-Dan Su, Xiao-Bin Li, Hong-Na Zhang, Feng-Chen Li
Summary: The boiling heat transfer of low-boiling-point working fluid is a common heat dissipation technology in electronic equipment cooling. This study analyzed the interfacial boiling behavior of R134a under different conditions and found that factors such as the initial thickness of the liquid film, solid-liquid interaction force, and initial temperature significantly affect the boiling mode and thermal resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jinyi Wu, Dongke Sun, Wei Chen, Zhenhua Chai
Summary: A unified lattice Boltzmann-phase field scheme is proposed to simulate dendrite growth of binary alloys in the presence of melt convection. The effects of various factors on the growth are investigated numerically, and the model is validated through comparisons and examinations.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shaokun Ge, Ya Ni, Fubao Zhou, Wangzhaonan Shen, Jia Li, Fengqi Guo, Bobo Shi
Summary: This study investigated the temperature distribution of main cables in a suspension bridge during fire scenarios and proposed a prediction model for the maximum temperature of cables in different lane fires. The results showed that vehicle fires in the emergency lane posed a greater thermal threat to the cables.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shuang-Ying Wu, Shi-Yao Zhou, Lan Xiao, Jia Luo
Summary: This paper investigates the two-phase flow and heat transfer characteristics of low-velocity jet impacting on a cylindrical surface. The study reveals that the heat transfer regimes are non-phase transition and nucleate boiling with the increase of heat transfer rate. The effects of jet impact height and outlet velocity on local surface temperatures are pronounced at the non-phase transition stage. The growth rates of heat transfer rate and liquid loss rate increase significantly from the non-phase transition to nucleate boiling stage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Emad Hasani Malekshah, Wlodzimierz Wlodzimierz, Miros law Majkut
Summary: Cavitation has significant practical importance and can be controlled by air injection. This study investigates the natural to ventilated cavitation process around a hydrofoil through numerical and experimental methods. The results show that the location and rate of air injection have a meaningful impact on the characteristics of cavitation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Feriel Yahiat, Pascale Bouvier, Antoine Beauvillier, Serge Russeil, Christophe Andre, Daniel Bougeard
Summary: This study explores the enhancement of mixing performance in laminar flow equipment by investigating the generation of chaotic advection using wall deformations in annular geometries. The findings demonstrate that the combined geometry can achieve perfect mixing at various Reynolds numbers.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Hui He, Ning Lyu, Caihua Liang, Feng Wang, Xiaosong Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the condensation, frosting, and defrosting processes on superhydrophobic surfaces with millimeter-scale structures. The results reveal that the structures can influence the growth and removal of frost crystals, with the bottom grooves creating a frost-free zone and conical edges promoting higher frost crystal heights. Two effective methods for defrosting are observed: hand-lifting the groove and airfoil retraction contraction on protruding structures. This research provides valuable insights into frost formation and defrosting on millimeter-structured superhydrophobic surfaces, with potential applications in anti-frost engineering.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Thiwanka Arepolage, Christophe Verdy, Thibaut Sylvestre, Aymeric Leray, Sebastien Euphrasie
Summary: This study developed two thermal concentrators, one with a 2D design of uniform thickness and another with a 3D design, using the coordinate transformation technique and metamaterials. By structuring the thermal conductor, the desired local density-heat capacity product and anisotropic thermal conductivities were achieved. The homogenized thermal conductivities were obtained from finite element simulations and cylindrical symmetry consideration. A 3D concentrator was fabricated using 3D metal printing and characterized using a thermal camera. Compared to devices that solely consider anisotropic conductivities, the time evolution characteristics of the metadevice designed with coordinate transformation were closer to those of an ideal concentrator.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)
Article
Thermodynamics
Liangyuan Cheng, Qingyang Wang, Jinliang Xu
Summary: In this study, we investigated the supercritical heat transfer of CO2 in a horizontal tube with a diameter of 10.0 mm, covering a wide range of pressures, mass fluxes, and heat fluxes. The study revealed a non-monotonic increase in wall temperatures along the flow direction and observed both positive and negative wall temperature differences between the bottom and top tube. The findings were explained by the thermal conduction in the solid wall interacting with the stratified-wavy flow in the tube.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
(2024)