Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Emma R. L. C. Vardy, Daniel Lasserson, Robert O. Barker, Barbara Hanratty
Summary: This article discusses the role of the National Early Warning Score (NEWS) and its updated version NEWS2 in detecting acute clinical deterioration in older people and informing care decisions, suggesting the need for adaptations for older adults and the use of other clinical assessments.
Article
Anesthesiology
Selena Gong, Dorothy Qian, Sheila Riazi, Frances Chung, Marina Englesakis, Qixuan Li, Ella Huszti, Jean Wong
Summary: This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the association between the FRAIL scale and mortality and postoperative outcomes in older surgical patients. The results showed that frailty was associated with 30-day mortality, 6-month mortality, postoperative complications, and postoperative delirium.
ANESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Janani Thillainadesan, Sarah J. Aitken, Sue R. Monaro, John S. Cullen, Richard Kerdic, Sarah N. Hilmer, Vasi Naganathan
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of a novel model of care called Geriatric Comanagement of Older Vascular surgery inpatients, showing a reduction in hospital-acquired geriatric syndromes and delirium after implementation, with more significant effects observed in frail patients.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Judith Versloot, Simona C. Minotti, Samia Amer, Amna Ali, Julia Ma, Mary-Lynn Peters, Hana Saab, Terence Tang, Jason Kerr, Robert Reid
Summary: The implementation of a multi-component delirium program can reduce the prevalence of delirium and fall incidence among patients in general medicine units.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Daiki Aomura, Yosuke Yamada, Makoto Harada, Koji Hashimoto, Yuji Kamijo
Summary: The study found that admission to a window-side bed did not prevent delirium development in older patients in a general ward. There was no significant difference between the window group and non-window group in terms of delirium prevention.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Xiaoyan Wang, Yuting Gao, Liangliang Tan, Yuqun Zhang, Ting Yang, Linhua Shi, Painan Chu, Michael Linden, Yonggui Yuan
Summary: The study demonstrated that C-PTED-21 can effectively assess the severity of PTED with high internal consistency and good test-retest reliability. Factor analysis revealed three common factors consistent with PTED core features. The correlations with depression, somatic symptoms, and anxiety scales confirmed the overall validity of the scale.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY & PSYCHOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Emma Dunford, Emily West, Elizabeth L. Sampson
Summary: This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the PAINAD scale in people with dementia. The results showed good inter-rater reliability and internal consistency, but modest test-retest reliability. The concurrent validity was weak, and there was no evidence of convergent validity. PAINAD scores were higher during movement, indicating discriminant validity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Yizhong Shen, Shuai Yuan, Jingwen Liu, Bin Sun, Zilin Chen, Lijiao Zheng, Lihao Chen, Hanwei Chen, Huiqiang Feng, Hongbo He
Summary: The study presents the reliability, validity, and screening effect of the newly developed Happiness Index Scale (HIS) for general hospital inpatients. The results demonstrate satisfactory reliability and validity, as well as a clinically meaningful screening effect, suggesting potential clinical applications for the HIS as a screening tool for psychological conditions in general hospital settings.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hyun Freeman, Roy C. Martin, Caroline Whittington, Yue Zhang, John D. Osborne, Tobias O'Leary, Jasmine K. Vickers, Kellie L. Flood, Rachel M. Skains, Alayne D. Markland, Thomas W. Buford, Cynthia J. Brown, Richard E. Kennedy
Summary: The objective of the study was to examine whether delirium predicts the occurrence of hospital-associated disability (HAD) among hospitalized older adults. Results showed that 21.6% of older adults developed HAD during hospitalization and had higher rates of delirium. Age, comorbidities, cognitive status, ADL function, and length of stay were associated with incident HAD. Delirium was found to have a significant impact on the effects of dementia and comorbidity. Therefore, reducing delirium rates may help reduce HAD rates.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL DIRECTORS ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Lai You Li, Ning Sun, Li Bo Yu, Xiao Xin Dong, Yu Chen Ying, Han Jun Lang, Li Heng Zhou
Summary: The study evaluated the psychometric properties of a Chinese version instrument designed to measure aging transformation needs among older adults with dementia. The results showed that the instrument has good surface validity, content validity, and structural validity, indicating reliability and validity in assessing the quality of aging transformation needs for older adults with dementia.
Article
Psychiatry
Ching-Ho Hu, Yu-Chuan Chiu, Shen-Ing Liu, Kai-ting Ko
Summary: The Mandarin version of MDAS showed good reliability and validity in assessing general hospital patients, with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing delirium. Factor analysis revealed a two-factor structure, with a strong correlation between MDAS scores and CAM/MMSE scores.
ASIA-PACIFIC PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Milena Soriano Marcolino, Fernando Anschau, Luciane Kopittke, Magda Carvalho Pires, Izabela Guimaraes Barbosa, Daniella Nunes Pereira, Lucas Emanuel Ferreira Ramos, Luis Fernando Israel Assuncao, Andre Soares de Moura Costa, Matheus Carvalho Alves Nogueira, Helena Duani, Karina Paula Medeiros Prado Martins, Leila Beltrami Moreira, Carla Thais Candida Alves da Silva, Neimy Ramos de Oliveira, Patricia Klarmann Ziegelmann, Milton Henriques Guimaraes-Junior, Mauro Oscar Soares de Souza Lima, Rubia Laura Oliveira Aguiar, Luanna Silva Monteiro Menezes, Talita Fischer Oliveira, Maira Dias Souza, Barbara Lopes Farace, Christiane Correa Rodrigues Cimini, Amanda de Oliveira Maurilio, Silvana Mangeon Mereilles Guimaraes, Silvia Ferreira Araujo, Guilherme Fagundes Nascimento, Daniel VitOrio Silveira, Karen Brasil Ruschel, Thainara Conceicao de Oliveira, Alexandre Vargas Schwarzbol, Luiz Antonio Nasi, Maiara Anschau Floriani, Veridiana Baldon dos Santos, Carolina Marques Ramos, Joice Coutinho de Alvarenga, Ana Luiza Bahia Alves Scotton, Euler Roberto Fernandes Manenti, Gabriela Petry Crestani, Joanna D'Arc Lyra Batista, Daniela Ponce, Juliana Machado-Rugolo, Adriana Falangola Benjamin Bezerra, PetrOnio Jose de Lima Martelli, Heloisa Reniers Vianna, Luis Cesar de Castro, Giovanna Grunewald Vietta, Elayne Crestani Pereira, Mariana Frizzo de Godoy, Polianna Delfino-Pereira, Antonio Lucio Teixeira
Summary: COVID-19 in-hospital patients with clinically defined neurological syndromes have a higher incidence of septic shock, ICU admission, and death compared to controls.
JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Azharul Islam, Shamsul Haque
Summary: The study developed a new generational identity scale (GIS) through two studies, resulting in a 12-item GIS with good reliability and temporal stability. It demonstrated convergent validity and theoretical convergence, suggesting the scale can be used on different populations and age groups with appropriate validation.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Machi Suka, Takashi Shimazaki, Takashi Yamauchi, Hiroyuki Yanagisawa
Summary: This study developed a rating scale for measuring active and passive resistance to persuasive health messages and tested its reliability and validity among Japanese adults. The resistance score showed positive correlation with negative emotional responses and negative correlation with persuasiveness score. The scale will be useful for pretesting health messages to make them more acceptable to the intended audience.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Maria Skokou, Rafailia Asimakopoulou, Ourania Andreopoulou, Georgios Kolettis, Sofia Perrou, Philippos Gourzis, Sophia Daskalaki
Summary: The study validated the G-ASRM scale for assessing (hypo)mania in bipolar patients in the Greek population, showing high reliability and validity.
COMPREHENSIVE PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rowan H. Harwood
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Claudio Di Lorito, Alessandro Bosco, Elizabeth Peel, Sharron Hinchliff, Tom Dening, Toni Calasanti, Brian de Vries, Neil Cutler, Karen Fredriksen-Goldsen, Rowan H. Harwood
Summary: Research on the experiences of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender (LGBT) caregivers is limited, but this scoping review of international literature found that LGBT caregivers face barriers in seeking support, such as poor representation, negative attitudes from staff, and reluctance to seek help. Strategies to overcome these challenges include staff awareness training and kite-marking inclusion.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rowan H. Harwood
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Jemima T. Collins, Rowan H. Harwood, Alison Cowley, Claudio Di Lorito, Eamonn Ferguson, Marcos F. Minicucci, Louise Howe, Tahir Masud, Giulia Ogliari, Rebecca O'Brien, Paula S. Azevedo, David A. Walsh, John R. F. Gladman
Summary: Pain is common in people with dementia and effective pain management is challenging due to cognitive and communication impairments. It is unclear which interventions are effective for pain management and behavioral symptoms in people with dementia. Personalized evaluation and mechanistic phenotyping could help identify underlying mechanisms and guide personalized intervention strategies. Central pain processing mechanisms may be particularly important in people with pain and dementia, and accommodating these mechanisms could alleviate both pain and dementia symptoms.
Article
Respiratory System
Christos V. Chalitsios, Vadsala Baskaran, Rowan H. Harwood, Wei Shen Lim, Tricia M. McKeever
Summary: A study found that people who have been hospitalized for pneumonia are at a higher risk of cognitive impairment and dementia compared to the general population, especially within the first year after discharge.
Review
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Abdullah G. Alqarni, John R. F. Gladman, Akanu A. Obasi, Benjamin Ollivere
Summary: Frailty has a significant impact on the outcomes of major trauma in older people, and it may be a stronger predictor than age. This systematic review provides evidence that frailty is associated with increased in-hospital mortality, longer hospital stays, adverse discharge disposition, and in-hospital complications in older trauma patients.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Wendy J. Chaplin, Daniel F. McWilliams, Bonnie S. Millar, John R. F. Gladman, David A. Walsh
Summary: A bidirectional relationship exists between joint pain and frailty, with each potentially accelerating the progression of the other. Therefore, addressing pain is crucial in preventing frailty, and including pain measures as an outcome in frailty studies is justified.
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Johannes J. M. van Delden, Madelon T. Heijltjes, Rowan H. Harwood
Summary: Palliative sedation is a medical intervention used to manage distress in dying patients by reducing consciousness. The use of sedation has increased over recent decades, but it is important to manage expectations, consider the loss of communication, and maintain clear criteria for necessary drug treatment. The normalization of sedation as a means of dying while sleeping should be resisted. Evaluation: 7.5 points.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Claudio Di Lorito, Veronika van der Wardt, Kristian Pollock, Louise Howe, Vicky Booth, Pip Logan, John Gladman, Tahir Masud, Roshan das Nair, Sarah Goldberg, Kavita Vedhara, Rebecca O'Brien, Emma Adams, Alison Cowley, Alessandro Bosco, Jennie Hancox, Clare Burgon, Rupinder Bajwa, Juliette Lock, Annabelle Long, Maureen Godfrey, Marianne Dunlop, Rowan H. Harwood
Summary: The PrAISED study delivered an exercise and functional activity programme to participants living with dementia, but the Randomised Controlled Trial showed no measurable benefits. The process evaluation revealed that participants valued the intervention for addressing health issues and providing social contact, but factors such as cognitive impairment and the COVID-19 pandemic hindered the positive outcomes.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Thomas Frederick Crocker, Natalie Lam, Magda Jordao, Caroline Brundle, Matthew Prescott, Anne Forster, Joie Ensor, John Gladman, Andrew Clegg
Summary: This study used version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2) to assess the bias risk in 860 results of interest from 113 studies. Implementing the tool was resource-intensive and challenging, requiring cut points for missingness, considerations of balance regarding missingness, and judgment for certain dichotomous outcomes. Improved guidance on implementing the tool could assist reviewers in evaluating bias risk more accurately and consistently.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rowan H. Harwood, Sarah E. Goldberg, Andrew Brand, Veronika van Der Wardt, Vicky Booth, Claudio Di Lorito, Zoe Hoare, Jennie Hancox, Rupinder Bajwa, Clare Burgon, Louise Howe, Alison Cowley, Trevor Bramley, Annabelle Long, Juliette Lock, Rachael Tucker, Emma J. Adams, Rebecca O'Brien, Fiona Kearney, Katarzyna Kowalewska, Maureen Godfrey, Marianne Dunlop, Kehinde Junaid, Simon Thacker, Carol Duff, Tomas Welsh, Annette Haddon-Silver, John Gladman, Pip Logan, Kristian Pollock, Kavita Vedhara, Victoria Hood, Roshan Das Nair, Helen Smith, Rhiannon Tudor-Edwards, Ned Hartfiel, Victory Ezeofor, Robert Vickers, Martin Orrell, Tahir Masud
Summary: The effectiveness of exercise and functional activity therapy intervention in adults with early dementia or mild cognitive impairment was assessed in this study. The results showed that this intervention did not significantly improve activities of daily living, physical activity, or quality of life, nor did it reduce falls. Furthermore, there were no significant improvements in other secondary health status outcomes for participants after 12 months. Therefore, future research should consider alternative approaches to maintain ability and wellbeing in people with dementia.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Fiona Marshall, Adam L. Gordon, John R. F. Gladman, Simon Bishop
Summary: This study explores care home managers' experiences of working with various organisations during the second wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. Four organisational relationship interdependencies were identified: care practices, resources governance, and wise working. Managers adopted pragmatic and reflexive practices to ensure safety and well-being, while also highlighting the negative impact of relationships with local and national statutory bodies. Collaboration and recognition with the care home sector should be prioritized in future practice change.
EUROPEAN GERIATRIC MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ned Hartfiel, John Gladman, Rowan Harwood, Rhiannon Tudor Edwards
Summary: This study found that home-based supervised exercise programs could generate a positive social return on investment for people with early dementia, creating social value through increased physical activity, increased confidence, improved social connections, and reduced healthcare service utilization.
GERONTOLOGY AND GERIATRIC MEDICINE
(2022)