Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Volume 50, Issue 3, Pages 674-681Publisher
WILEY-BLACKWELL
DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12656
Keywords
Anti-atherogenic activity; anti-inflammatory activity; carnosic acid; rosemary; supercritical extracts
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Funding
- Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (CICYT) Ingredientes Saludables Mediterraneos Innovadores (INNSAMED) [IPT-300000-2010-034]
- Comunidad Autonoma de Madrid (ALIBIRD) [S-505/AGR-0153]
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The in vitro anti-inflammatory activity of supercritical rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) extracts (rosemary A and B) is been reported in this study. To achieve that, THP-1 macrophages were activated using lipopolysaccharide or human ox-LDL and secretion and gene expression of TNF-, IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 were evaluated, as well as COX-2 gene expression. Results indicated that both rosemary extracts (A & B) exhibit high anti-inflammatory activity although at a higher extent in case of rosemary B extract (5gmL(-1)), representing a higher quantity of carnosic acid and carnosol than rosemary A. When comparing the activity of the extract to the standard itself, the anti-inflammatory activity of standards of carnosic acid and carnosol was not as intense as that obtained with rosemary B. These data indicated that although carnosic acid content in the extracts is considered as the main anti-inflammatory compound, a synergistic interaction with other compounds may play a significant role in enhancing its activity. Results provided the grounds for possible increase in the application of supercritical rosemary extracts in food formulations for mitigation or prevention of inflammatory diseases.
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