Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Qing-Tian Luo, Yuan-Chun Ye, Wei-Ming Guo, Qing Zhu, Sa-Shuang Wang, Nan Li, Wang Lei, Chun-Sheng Cheng, Gang Fan
Summary: This study investigates the use of the D+Q combination to treat the intestinal tract of elderly mice and found that it can enhance intestinal functionality and reduce the expression of aging-related genes.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jakub Novotny, Lucie Horakova, Michal Rihacek, Dana Zalesakova, Ondrej Stastnik, Eva Mrkvicova, Vojtech Kumbar, Leos Pavlata
Summary: This article focuses on the effects of different feed particle sizes on the morphology of the gastrointestinal tract, digesta viscosity, and blood biochemical parameters. It is found that coarse feed particles have a positive impact on the health of the gizzard and small intestine, while finer particles may have adverse effects on the liver.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Miroslava Anna Sefcova, Marco Larrea-Alvarez, Cesar Marcelo Larrea-alvarez, Viera Karaffova, David Ortega-Paredes, Christian Vinueza-Burgos, Zuzana Sevcikova, Mikulas Levkut, Robert Herich, Viera Revajova
Summary: The research demonstrated that supplementation with Lactobacillus fermentum Biocenol CCM 7514 alleviates the negative effects caused by Campylobacter jejuni, ultimately improving chicken body weight by improving intestinal morphometry and cecal cytokine response.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jonathan D. Windster, Andrea Sacchetti, Gerben J. Schaaf, Eric M. J. Bindels, Robert M. W. Hofstra, Rene M. H. Wijnen, Cornelius E. J. Sloots, Maria M. Alves
Summary: A selective FACS protocol based on CD56/CD90/CD24 co-expression is developed to enrich and discriminate human ENS cells. Neuronal and glial selective markers are found to be co-expressed by all ENS cells, mainly driven by neuronal fragments. By applying this protocol to single-cell RNA sequencing, high-quality ENS cells are obtained for transcriptome analysis.
Review
Immunology
Hongxiang Sun, Jianmei Tan, Hongqian Chen, Ningbo Wu, Bing Su
Summary: The mammalian intestine is a complex organ that plays a crucial role in maintaining immune homeostasis and facilitating nutrient absorption. The interactions between intestinal epithelial cells, mesenchymal stromal cells, and immune cells are essential for the proper functioning of the intestine. Recent advances in single-cell and spatial transcriptomics have revealed the heterogeneity and spatial distribution of intestinal mesenchymal stromal cells, which play key roles in mediating immune regulation and niche formation in different regions of the intestine.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Lijun Zou, Yirui Shao, Yinfeng Xu, Yuliang Wu, Jian Zhou, Xia Xiong, Yulong Yin
Summary: This study investigates the genetic reprogramming of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) maturation along the crypt-villus axis. The analysis reveals differentially expressed genes between upper villus epithelial cells (F1) and crypt epithelial cells (F3) of suckling piglets. These genes are closely related to the differentiation, proliferation, maturation, and apoptosis of IECs. The findings provide important insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying intestinal epithelial cell renewal and repair.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kai Aoki, Koki Yanazawa, Katsuyuki Tokinoya, Takehito Sugasawa, Takuji Suzuki, Yasuko Yoshida, Takuro Nakano, Naomi Omi, Yasushi Kawakami, Kazuhiro Takekoshi
Summary: Renalase expression is upregulated in fasting conditions and localized in the crypt. Overexpression of renalase protects intestinal cells from oxidative stress induced by H2O2, suggesting a potential protective role of renalase against oxidative stress. NF-kappa B p65 may play a role in regulating renalase expression in response to oxidative stress in the small intestine.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Maddison L. Wiersema, Lucas R. Koester, Stephan Schmitz-Esser, Dawn A. Koltes
Summary: The study discovered that different housing systems, cage versus cage-free, have an impact on the gastrointestinal health of commercial hens. Hens in cage-free systems showed advantages in intestinal morphology, microbial diversity, while hens in cage systems also showed some benefits in intestinal health.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Juntao Zhang, Juanjuan Li, Penghui Yan, Laizeng He, Xuemei Zhang, Xiaolong Wang, Yake Shi, Lixin Deng, ZhiPing Zhang, Baoyu Zhao
Summary: Intestinal organoids and enteroids are excellent models for studying intestinal functions, drug screening, and regenerative medicine. However, there have been few comparative studies on these models, especially in immunity and metabolism. Our study compared the transcriptome of organoids and enteroids and verified some of the results. We found that organoids and enteroids carry out different functions in immunity and metabolism, with organoids being more comprehensive and enteroids being suitable for immune and cancer research.
JOURNAL OF TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nayere Taebnia, Ute Romling, Volker M. Lauschke
Summary: Enteric bacterial infections are a major cause of disease and mortality worldwide, especially in developing countries. In vitro 2D monolayer cultures have provided valuable insights into the virulence mechanisms of various pathogens, leading to the discovery of potential targets for antimicrobial therapy and vaccines. More complex models, such as organoids, 3D bioengineered scaffolds, and microphysiological devices, have expanded our understanding of the effects of physiological and biological factors on infection. Advances in ex vivo cultures and intravital imaging have also allowed for the study of enteric pathogens on fluid secretion, barrier integrity, and immune cell surveillance. The combined use of these different methods promises to enhance our understanding of host-microbe interactions and their impact on intestinal health.
Article
Microbiology
Wenyi Chen, Qigu Yao, Ruo Wang, Bing Fen, Junyao Chen, Yanping Xu, Jiong Yu, Lanjuan Li, Hongcui Cao
Summary: In this study, efficient protocols were developed for the collection of cholangiocytes and intestine crypts, as well as the culturing of corresponding organoids. These protocols simplified the cell collection process, avoided potential mechanical and chemical damage, and allowed organoids from different tissue sources to exhibit similar growth characteristics.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Dipa Natarajan, Conor McCann, Justine Dattani, Vassilis Pachnis, Nikhil Thapar
Summary: The majority of the enteric nervous system is formed by vagal neural crest cells. Hirschsprung disease is characterized by absence of enteric ganglia from the distal colon. Mutations in the RET receptor tyrosine kinase have been identified in familial cases of Hirschsprung disease. This study demonstrates that normal RET receptor activity is required for migration of enteric nervous system progenitors throughout the gut. Failure of colonisation of the distal intestine and deficits in neuronal circuitry contribute to the pathogenesis of Hirschsprung disease.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Janaka Wickramasinghe, Chiron J. J. Anderson, Can Ayhan Kaya, Patrick J. J. Gorden, Flavio Rodrigues Borges Ribeiro, Juliane Dohms, Sydney Rigert, Stephan Schmitz-Esser, Ranga Appuhamy
Summary: Feeding MCE, a plant extract, to crossbred calves improved gut health and development by increasing rumen papillae length and villus height in the small intestine. However, it had no significant impact on microbial composition.
Review
Neurosciences
Luisa Seguella, Irene Palenca, Silvia Basili Franzin, Aurora Zilli, Giuseppe Esposito
Summary: Enteric glia, a unique population of peripheral neuroglia, display plastic and adaptative abilities, undergo phenotypic and functional changes, and engage in dynamic signaling with neurons and neighboring cells within the intestinal wall. They serve important roles in maintaining local homeostasis and sensing signals from luminal microbes, although further investigation is needed to fully understand this communication.
NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katarzyna Kras, Halyna Rudyk, Siemowit Muszynski, Ewa Tomaszewska, Piotr Dobrowolski, Volodymyr Kushnir, Viktor Muzyka, Oksana Brezvyn, Marcin B. Arciszewski, Ihor Kotsyumbas
Summary: In an experiment where fumonisin was administered to pregnant rats, it was found that this mycotoxin did not significantly alter the structure of the offspring's intestine/enteric nervous system, but it did change the neurochemical profile of the enteric neurons.