Article
Environmental Sciences
Frederic Bonou, Casimir Yelognisse Da-Allada, Ezinvi Baloitcha, Eric Alamou, Eliezer Iboukoun Biao, Josue Zandagba, Ezechiel Obada, Yves Pomalegni, Peter James Irvine, Simone Tilmes
Summary: Stratospheric Aerosol Geoengineering (SAG) has been proposed as a method to offset global warming, but it can have a significant impact on the hydrological cycle. This study analyzes the effects of SAG on precipitation in West Africa and the Sahel region using simulated data, and finds that it leads to a decrease in rainfall and changes in the monsoon circulation.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Lawrence S. Jackson, John H. Marsham, Douglas J. Parker, Declan L. Finney, Rory G. J. Fitzpatrick, David P. Rowell, Rachel A. Stratton, Simon Tucker
Summary: This study investigates the impact of explicit convection on climate change in the central West African Sahel using a pan-African convection-permitting simulation. The results show that explicit convection has multiple-scale effects on West African monsoon processes compared to parameterized convection. Under climate change, explicit convection leads to a shift in the West African monsoon and a weakening of the Hadley circulation. The findings highlight the limitations of parameterized convection and demonstrate the value of explicit convection simulations for climate modeling and policy-making.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Omon A. Obarein, Cameron C. Lee
Summary: This study evaluates the changes in rainfall components and their regional distribution in West Africa. The findings indicate that rainfall frequency is changing more significantly than rainfall totals, with most changes occurring in the tropical wet and dry regions.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
S. Vishnu, William R. Boos, William D. Collins
Summary: Through simulating an ensemble of global models, we found that the intensity of South Asian monsoon LPS has decreased, while weaker LPS showed no significant trend. In the future, LPS will shift from ocean to land, and precipitation will increase, leading to an increase in seasonal mean and extreme precipitation over central India.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Harry Mutton, Robin Chadwick, Matthew Collins, F. Hugo Lambert, Ruth Geen, Alexander Todd, Christopher M. Taylor
Summary: This study examines the impact of the direct radiative effect of increased CO2 on West African monsoon precipitation. The results show that the weakening of the shallow meridional circulation over North Africa leads to an increase in WAM precipitation. Additionally, the warming patterns in the atmosphere and surface also influence local soil moisture feedbacks and circulation changes.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Harry Mutton, Robin Chadwick, Matthew Collins, F. Hugo Lambert, Christopher M. M. Taylor, Ruth Geen, Alexander Todd
Summary: To address the uncertainty of West African Monsoon (WAM) precipitation projections, this study investigates the mechanisms driving WAM precipitation change and analyzes the impact of a uniform 4K ocean warming on WAM precipitation. The analysis identifies multiple mechanisms, including enhanced convection, atmospheric stabilization, and changes in large-scale temperature gradients, that contribute to the decrease in WAM precipitation over different timescales. The study also demonstrates the relevance of the processes affecting precipitation in the early stages to the long-term equilibrium response.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Gregor Pante, Peter Knippertz, Andreas H. Fink, Anke Kniffka
Summary: Southern West Africa has seen a rapid population growth resulting in higher water demand and lower air quality. Decreasing rainfall trends over the last 30 years in the region may be influenced by anthropogenic air pollution, particularly during the little dry season.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Sanjit Kumar Mondal, Jinglong Huang, Yanjun Wang, Buda Su, Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz, Shan Jiang, Jianqing Zhai, Ziyan Chen, Cheng Jing, Tong Jiang
Summary: Motivated by the Paris Agreement, this study aims to investigate the changes in precipitation extremes across South Asia and its five climatic zones for each 0.5℃ of warming above the pre-industrial level from 1.5℃ to 3.0℃. Results indicate that as the degree of global warming increases, the changes in magnitudes of extreme events are projected to intensify and the largest growth is found under 3.0℃ in the entire domain and its five climatic zones. The polar climatic zone is anticipated to experience the highest magnitude of changes for extreme events under all the warming scenarios.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jitendra Singh, Moetasim Ashfaq, Christopher B. Skinner, Weston B. Anderson, Vimal Mishra, Deepti Singh
Summary: Spatially compounding extremes pose substantial threats to globally interconnected socio-economic systems. Multiple simulations have shown that compound droughts will increase in frequency and severity in the coming decades, with North America and the Amazon region at higher risk.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ruksana H. Rimi, Karsten Haustein, Emily J. Barbour, Sarah N. Sparrow, Sihan Li, David C. H. Wallom, Myles R. Allen
Summary: This study aims to understand and quantify the relative risks of extreme rainfall events in Bangladesh under the temperature goals of the Paris Agreement, as well as the influence of anthropogenic aerosols on these risks. Results show that both global warming and anthropogenic aerosol concentrations have an impact on rainfall, and the risk of extreme rainfall events has already increased significantly. Reducing anthropogenic aerosols may exacerbate the impacts of climate change.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
C. J. Batchelor, S. A. Marcott, I. J. Orland, F. He, R. L. Edwards
Summary: The connection between abrupt high-latitude warming during the last glacial period-Dansgaard-Oeschger (DO) events-and rapid climate changes at lower latitudes has revealed inter-hemispheric teleconnections in the ocean-atmosphere system. We examined a speleothem in Wisconsin that grew from 70-50 thousand years ago and found large negative oxygen isotope (δO-18) excursions that correlate with DO events recorded in the ice core of the North Greenland Ice Core Project. Climate simulations suggest that abrupt DO warming would increase the δO-18 of annual precipitation in the study area, supporting the observed negative δO-18 excursions.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Samiran Das, Mohammad Kamruzzaman, Abu Reza Md. Towfiqul Islam
Summary: This study focuses on exploring the characteristic changes of extreme rainfall estimation at the daily time scale in Bangladesh under the background of climate change. The results indicate a significant increase in index value under climate change, with about a 22% increase in the 100-year return level of extreme rainfall expected by the end of this century.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nishan Bhattarai, David B. Lobell, Balwinder-Singh, Ram Fishman, William P. Kustas, Yadu Pokhrel, Meha Jain
Summary: Climate change is expected to increase crop water demand, leading to more irrigation. A study in India, a groundwater depletion hotspot, reveals that farmers have intensified groundwater withdrawals to adapt to warming temperatures, resulting in accelerated depletion rates. Even with projected increases in precipitation and possible decreases in irrigation use, the rates of net groundwater loss for the coming decades could be three times the current depletion rates, posing a threat to India's food and water security.
Article
Agronomy
Tunde Amole, Ayantunde Augustine, Mulubrhan Balehegn, Adegbola T. Adesogoan
Summary: Limited supply of quality feed is a major constraint on livestock productivity in sub-Saharan Africa. This study in the West African Sahel identified the need to invest in improving crop residue quality, strengthening the feed value chain, raising awareness about feed quality, and enhancing women's roles in feed production as key strategies to improve feed availability.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ellen Berntell, Qiong Zhang, Qiang Li, Alan M. Haywood, Julia C. Tindall, Stephen J. Hunter, Zhongshi Zhang, Xiangyu Li, Chuncheng Guo, Kerim H. Nisancioglu, Christian Stepanek, Gerrit Lohmann, Linda E. Sohl, Mark A. Chandler, Ning Tan, Camille Contoux, Gilles Ramstein, Michiel L. J. Baatsen, Anna S. von der Heydt, Deepak Chandan, William Richard Peltier, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Wing-Le Chan, Youichi Kamae, Charles J. R. Williams, Daniel J. Lunt, Ran Feng, Bette L. Otto-Bliesner, Esther C. Brady
Summary: The mid-Pliocene warm period was a time characterized by warm climate state with higher surface temperatures in West Africa and a strengthened West African Monsoon, resulting in increased summer rainfall over West Africa and the Sahara region but decreased rainfall over the equatorial Atlantic. Models also indicate a warming Sahara and deepening Saharan Heat Low, leading to a strengthening of the WAM and increased monsoonal flow into the continent.
CLIMATE OF THE PAST
(2021)
Correction
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Paul-Arthur Monerie, Caroline M. Wainwright, Moussa Sidibe, Akintomide Afolayan Akinsanola
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Paul-Arthur Monerie, Caroline M. Wainwright, Moussa Sidibe, Akintomide Afolayan Akinsanola
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Paul-Arthur Monerie, Jon Robson, Buwen Dong, Dan Hodson
Summary: The study indicates that warming of the North Atlantic Ocean Sea Surface Temperature (NASST) is significantly associated with warming over North East Asian (NEA) surface temperature. Two main mechanisms, modulation of northern hemisphere circulation and circumglobal teleconnection, are identified to explain this relationship.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Paul-Arthur Monerie, Benjamin Pohl, Marco Gaetani
Summary: Climate change will drive major perturbations of the West African summer monsoon, leading to an increase in precipitation over the central Sahel and a decrease over the western Sahel. Research shows that the fast response dominates the slow one, and mitigation strategies may reduce the impact of climate change on Sahel precipitation within a few decades.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Adrien Deroubaix, Inga Labuhn, Marie Camredon, Benjamin Gaubert, Paul-Arthur Monerie, Max Popp, Johanna Ramarohetra, Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Levi G. Silvers, Guillaume Siour
Summary: The study demonstrates that the trend in cooling energy demand is increasing with global warming, although the magnitude of the change is highly uncertain, highlighting challenges for future energy demand quantification.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Eduardo Moreno-Chamarro, Xavier Levine, Alessio Bellucci, Christophe Cassou, Frederic Castruccio, Paolo Davini, Rosie Eade, Guillaume Gastineau, Leon Hermanson, Dan Hodson, Katja Lohmann, Jorge Lopez-Parages, Paul-Arthur Monerie, Dario Nicoli, Said Qasmi, Christopher D. Roberts, Emilia Sanchez-Gomez, Gokhan Danabasoglu, Nick Dunstone, Marta Martin-Rey, Rym Msadek, Jon Robson, Doug Smith, Etienne Tourigny
Summary: Analyzing sensitivity experiments across multiple models revealed a significant variation in simulating the impact of Atlantic multidecadal variability (AMV) on the tropical Pacific, mainly driven by differences in moist static energy injection. Correcting models for mean precipitation biases reduced inter-model uncertainty, allowing for a more precise quantification of the cooling effect on the equatorial Pacific following AMV warming.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Daniel L. R. Hodson, Pierre-Antoine Bretonniere, Christophe Cassou, Paolo Davini, Nicholas P. Klingaman, Katja Lohmann, Jorge Lopez-Parages, Marta Martin-Rey, Marie-Pierre Moine, Paul-Arthur Monerie, Dian A. Putrasahan, Christopher D. Roberts, Jon Robson, Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Emilia Sanchez-Gomez, Jon Seddon, Retish Senan
Summary: This study examines the impacts of Atlantic Multidecadal Variability (AMV) on climate using five coupled climate models. The results show that AMV affects climate through widespread warming over Eurasia and the Americas, cooling over the Pacific Ocean, and a northward displacement of the inter-tropical convergence zone (ITCZ). There are significant differences between models in their response to AMV forcing, particularly in the tropics. The study also finds that model horizontal resolution does not have a widespread effect on the climate response.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paul-Arthur Monerie, Jon Robson, Nick J. Dunstone, Andrew G. Turner
Summary: The study evaluated the skill of the Met Office's DePreSys3 prediction system in forecasting summer global monsoon precipitation at the seasonal time scale, showing significant skill in predicting summer monsoon precipitation, with higher skill in the northern hemisphere compared to the southern hemisphere. Skill in predicting shifts in the atmospheric circulation is relatively low, with the dynamical component primarily contributing to global monsoon variability. The use of a large ensemble improves skill for predicting monsoon precipitation, but skill does not increase beyond 20 members.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Paul-Arthur Monerie, Laura J. Wilcox, Andrew G. Turner
Summary: The study reveals that Northern Hemisphere land monsoon precipitation has experienced multidecadal variability, mainly attributed to anthropogenic aerosol and greenhouse gas emissions. The impact of aerosol emissions on monsoon precipitation trends is more significant than internal climate variability, while the effects of external forcing show high uncertainty across different periods and regions.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Correction
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Daniel L. R. Hodson, Pierre-Antoine Bretonniere, Christophe Cassou, Paolo Davini, Nicholas P. Klingaman, Katja Lohmann, Jorge Lopez-Parages, Marta Martin-Rey, Marie-Pierre Moine, Paul-Arthur Monerie, Dian A. Putrasahan, Christopher D. Roberts, Jon Robson, Yohan Ruprich-Robert, Emilia Sanchez-Gomez, Jon Seddon, Retish Senan
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paul-Arthur Monerie, Andrea J. Dittus, Laura J. Wilcox, Andrew G. Turner
Summary: Anthropogenic aerosol emissions from North America and Europe have significant effects on the decadal variability of the West African monsoon. The uncertainty in anthropogenic aerosol radiative forcing leads to significant uncertainty in simulating long-term trends in West African precipitation. Larger aerosol forcing results in a decrease in the number of rainy days and extreme precipitation events, as well as changes in monsoon winds and temperature.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Marcheggiani, Jon Robson, Paul-Arthur Monerie, Thomas J. Bracegirdle, Doug Smith
Summary: This paper explores the predictability of the winter North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and its relation to the location and speed of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet. Using decadal predictions made from the sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, the study finds skill in capturing the jet latitude and speed associated with the NAO. However, the skill appears to be sensitive to the evaluation period, leading to reduced skill in capturing recent observed changes in the jet and NAO.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Christopher H. H. O'Reilly, Matthew Patterson, Jon Robson, Paul Arthur Monerie, Daniel Hodson, Yohan Ruprich-Robert
Summary: This study finds that experiments with active SST-restoring in the Tropical North Atlantic exaggerate the positive surface heat-fluxes out of the ocean with warm SST anomalies, which is not observed in other simulations. These upward surface heat-fluxes play a crucial role in generating a strong local precipitation response and the associated remote impact on the Pacific Walker circulation, but are absent in other simulations. The results of this study suggest that the influence of the Atlantic on global climate anomalies and its role in recent multidecadal SST trends are overestimated in experiments employing SST-restoring in the Tropical North Atlantic.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Paul-Arthur Monerie, Jon Robson, Cassien D. Ndiaye, Cenyao Song, Andrew G. Turner
Summary: Monsoons have significant impacts on global population, affecting economy, agriculture, and human health. This study explores the ability of climate models to predict variations in summer monsoon precipitation. The multi-model ensemble-mean shows skill in predicting precipitation from one to 6-9 years ahead, with different levels of skill depending on the model, monsoon domain, and lead-time. The study identifies regions with better prediction performance and emphasizes the importance of simulating externally forced changes and Pacific Ocean temperatures for improved monsoon predictions.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Bastien Dieppois, Antonietta Capotondi, Benjamin Pohl, Kwok Pan Chun, Paul-Arthur Monerie, Jonathan Eden
Summary: The intensities and locations of El Nino-Southern Oscillation events exhibit pronounced decadal variations, which are crucial for better projections of future ENSO diversity. Some climate models are able to simulate these decadal variabilities accurately, but the projections of ENSO diversity under future climate change scenarios still face challenges.
COMMUNICATIONS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)