Article
Environmental Sciences
Akiyo Yatagai, Chisato Kinoshita
Summary: This study investigates the precipitation characteristics in Sapporo City, northern Japan, and finds that there is interannual variability in precipitation that is different from daily variability. The study also shows that El Nino winters result in more snowfall in southwestern mountains and inland areas, while La Nina winters result in more snow in northeastern plains and along the sea.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yunyun Liu, Renguang Wu, Yihui Ding
Summary: This study reveals that the impacts of El Nino events on East Asian precipitation differ between coupled and uncoupled events due to the distinct features of anomalous anticyclone over the western North Pacific. The sea surface temperature anomalies in the western North Pacific play a crucial role in determining the distribution of precipitation anomalies in East Asia. Prediction skill tends to be lower for uncoupled El Nino events compared to coupled ones, highlighting the importance of distinguishing between the two types of warm events.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yu Huang, Hong-Li Ren, Jong-Seong Kug, Run Wang, Jingxin Li
Summary: It has been shown that the increased CO2 concentration has an impact on El Nino and its associated precipitation anomaly over East Asia. This study, using CMIP5 and CMIP6 model simulations, investigates the projected change of boreal winter precipitation anomaly in East Asia during strong Eastern-Pacific type El Nino events, considering different emission scenarios and examining the possible mechanisms. The CMIP5 models can reasonably capture the features of the precipitation anomaly associated with the El Nino events, but the CMIP6 models show minimal improvement. As emissions increase, the precipitation anomalies over northern East Asia intensify during strong El Nino events, while they decrease over southern East Asia. This pattern of change is consistent between the CMIP5 and CMIP6 models and can be attributed to changes in circulation and moisture transport.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiaohui Wang, Tim Li, Suxiang Ya
Summary: Enhanced rainbands in East Asia during the regular El Nino decaying summer progressed northward from June to August, but were only observed in the earlier summer and disappeared in August in the super El Nino composite. A combined observational and modeling study was conducted to investigate the cause of this distinctive feature. The relative roles of the mean state and anomalous heating in causing the northward progression were assessed through numerical experiments. The distinctive rainfall feature in the super El Nino composite was primarily contributed by the 1982/83 and 2015/16 events.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Na Wen, Laurent Li, Yongsheng Hao
Summary: The impacts of El Nino on East Asian summer precipitation depend on its peak-time characteristics. There are three identified types: eastern Pacific (EP), mixed-type Pacific (MP), and central Pacific (CP) El Nino. Each type leads to different patterns of excessive rainfall and dry conditions in various regions, primarily associated with anomalous cyclones and anticyclones. The precipitation anomalies in the following summer are largely influenced by different sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies. The delayed effects of El Nino are attributed to warm SST anomalies in the Indian Ocean, Nino-1.2 region, north subtropical Pacific, and northern tropical Atlantic.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Huijing Zhang, Wenjun Zhang, Xin Geng, Feng Jiang, Malte F. Stuecker
Summary: Many previous studies have shown that El Nino exhibits strong seasonality in its teleconnections and regional climate impacts. This seasonality is mainly due to the seasonal cycle of the eastern tropical Pacific SST background state and differs between different types of El Nino events.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ruetger Rollenbeck, Johanna Orellana-Alvear, Joerg Bendix, Rodolfo Rodriguez, Franz Pucha-Cofrep, Mario Guallpa, Andreas Fries, Rolando Celleri
Summary: The coastal regions of South Ecuador and Peru experienced the strongest impact of the El Nino Southern Oscillation phenomenon. However, due to the lack of observation networks, the understanding of the impact and dynamic development of weather patterns during these events is limited. In this study, the high-resolution radar data allowed for the first time the monitoring of previously unknown local spots of heavy rainfall during ENSO-related extreme events.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Qiaoling Ren, Wei Wei, Mengmeng Lu, Song Yang
Summary: The wintertime Middle East jet stream (MEJS) plays a crucial role in the East Asian winter monsoon and the subsequent Asian summer monsoon. This study investigates the maintenance and interannual variations of the MEJS using dynamic analysis and statistical methods, and compares it with the East Asian jet stream (EAJS) and the North American jet stream (NAJS). The results show that the MEJS is mainly sustained by tropical diabatic heating and low-frequency transient eddy vorticity forcing, while the EAJS is maintained by both tropical diabatic heating and high-frequency TE vorticity forcing, and the NAJS is primarily supported by high-frequency TE vorticity forcing. Temperature advection also affects the maintenance of the EAJS and NAJS, but is less important for the MEJS. The interannual variations of the MEJS are related to low-frequency TE heating, while the variations in intensity of the jet streams are associated with temperature advection. For both the EAJS and NAJS, the interannual variations are primarily influenced by high-frequency TE vorticity forcing, with temperature advection contributing to their meridional shifts. These findings suggest that the maintenance and variability of the jet streams are not directly induced by tropical diabatic heating.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hamid Gholami, Aliakbar Mohammadifar
Summary: Dust storms have negative consequences on ecosystems, climate, and weather conditions. This study develops deep learning hybrid models to classify the susceptibility of dust sources in the Middle East and mitigate its negative effects.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yue Sun, Jianping Li
Summary: The study reveals that the El Nino event and a positive North Pacific Oscillation event in the previous winter have significant impacts on wintertime precipitation in southeastern China and the East China Sea Kuroshio area.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zhang Chen, Renguang Wu, Yong Zhao, Zhibiao Wang
Summary: The study reveals that strong El Nino events enhance central Asian precipitation, while weak El Nino events have minor impact. Strong El Nino events increase precipitation in central Asia through warm sea surface temperature anomalies and wind anomalies, while weak El Nino events mainly affect the region during the developing autumn.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Segolene Berthou, Malcolm J. Roberts, Benoit Vanniere, Nikolina Ban, Danijel Belusic, Cecile Caillaud, Thomas Crocker, Hylke de Vries, Andreas Dobler, Dan Harris, Elizabeth J. Kendon, Oskar Landgren, Colin Manning
Summary: The study simulates climate models and finds that precipitation within extratropical cyclones is very likely to increase towards the end of the century. The models also show that future winter storms will bring more precipitation, with a focus on moderate and heavy rainfall and a decrease in frozen precipitation frequency.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yu Huang, Hong-Li Ren, Minghong Liu
Summary: Strong EP-El Nino events have significant impacts on summer precipitation patterns over East Asia. Under future high emission scenarios, changes in summer precipitation anomalies related to strong EP events will vary, with increases in the south, decreases in the north, and an overall increase across East Asia. The increase in precipitation over southeastern China is mainly attributed to anticyclonic circulation from the South China Sea to the western North Pacific as a delayed response to more frequent strong EP-El Ninos.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zane Dedekind, Jacopo Grazioli, Philip H. Austin, Ulrike Lohmann
Summary: Vertical wind shear causes enhanced turbulence, leading to the breakup of ice particles in clouds and heavy snowfall. Ice-graupel collisions are likely responsible for a large population of oblate ice particles in the atmosphere, enhanced by turbulence. The vertical wind shear has a significant impact on the secondary ice production rate.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Leonardo Mamani C. Jimenez, Rita V. Andreoli, Mary Toshie Kayano, Rodrigo Augusto Ferreira de Souza, Wilmar L. Ceron
Summary: Based on reanalysis data from 1901-2012, differences in the seasonal distribution of precipitation over South America were analyzed for single-year and multiyear El Nino events. The results show that multiyear El Nino events interact with tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans SST, affecting precipitation distribution in subsequent seasons. Compared to single-year El Nino events, multiyear El Nino events exhibit differences in intensity and positioning of precipitation anomalies. These findings contribute to climate prediction and monitoring.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLIMATOLOGY
(2023)