Journal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY
Volume 145, Issue 1, Pages 21-26Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2009.05.023
Keywords
Nitric oxide; Flow mediated dilatation; Hemodialysis; Cardiovascular disease; Statin
Categories
Funding
- Japanese Ministry of Education [1600672]
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Background: Atherosclerosis-related diseases are leading causes of morbidity among patients undergoing hemodialysis. The effects of hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors (statins) on the endothelial function of hemodialyzed patients are not known. Methods and results: For 16 weeks, we prescribed simvastatin (low dose: 5 mg or moderate dose: 10 mg) to 28 patients (low dose: n = 14, 61.2 +/- 8.6 years, moderate dose: n = 14, 60.8 +/- 10.2 years) and chose 9 patients (61.5 +/- 5.2 years) without prescriptions as controls. We compared the effects of statin on lipids, flow-mediated endothelium-dependent and nitroglycerin-induced endothelium-independent dilatation (%FMD, %NTD), and markers of oxidant stress and atherosclerosis. Serum HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides did not change significantly in any of the three groups; however, LDL-cholesterol was decreased at 16 weeks in both simvastatin groups. The %FMD and plasmaNOx increased at 1 and 16 weeks in both statin groups, but not in the control group (P<0.01). The %NTD did not change. Oxidized LDL, VCAM-1, and 8-isoprostane decreased significantly after 16 weeks in both statin groups; however, TNF-alpha and interleukin 6 did not change. In the control group, no significant changes in these parameters were observed. Multiple regression analyses showed that the (short) period of hemodialysis and (young) age are significant factors associated with %FMD improvement. Conclusions: A statin improved impaired endothelial function in the arteries of chronic dialysis patients, in part by enhancing NO bioavailability within one week. Improved endothelial function is in line with the anti-atherosclerotic effects observed in patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
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