Review
Oncology
Biyuan Xing, Jianfeng Guo, Yuhan Sheng, Gang Wu, Yingchao Zhao
Summary: HPV-negative cervical cancers, predominantly adenocarcinomas, pose challenges in diagnosis and management due to unclear etiology and possible false negative results. It is important to pay greater attention to these cases as they are often diagnosed at advanced stages with poor prognoses.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yvonne T. Nartey, Kwabena H. Amo-Antwi, Philip M. Hill, Edward Dassah, Richard O. Asmah, Kofi Nyarko, Ramatu Agambire, Thomas Konney, Joel Yarney, Nelson Damale, Brian Cox
Summary: This study aimed to compare the distribution of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) genotypes in women with and without cervical cancer in order to develop a population-based prevention strategy for cervical cancer in Ghana. The results showed that the most common HR-HPV genotypes among women with cervical cancer were 16, 18, 45, 35, and 52, while 66, 52, 35, 43, and 31 were frequently detected in women without cancer. HPV DNA testing and multivalent vaccines targeting HPV 16, 18, 45, and 35 genotypes are crucial for cervical cancer control in Ghana.
Article
Oncology
Federica Inturrisi, Birgit Lissenberg-Witte, Nienke J. Veldhuijzen, Johannes A. Bogaards, Guglielmo Ronco, Chris J. L. M. Meijer, Johannes Berkhof
Summary: The study found that HPV vaccination leads to a significant decline in lifetime CIN3+ risk, with the remaining absolute CIN3+ risk being very low. Even after nonavalent vaccination, primary HPV testing with adjunct cytology at five-year intervals seems feasible.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Tomasz Milecki, Maciej Michalak, Jakub Milecki, Michal Michalak, Radoslaw Kadziszewski, Lukasz Kuncman, Piotr Jarzemski, Piotr Milecki, Andrzej Antczak
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate medical students' knowledge of HPV transmission, cancer risk, and vaccination. Results showed gaps in understanding of HPV infection and transmission routes, with intention to recommend HPV vaccine by medical students being linked to their own knowledge and vaccination status.
Article
Immunology
Loredana Sabina Cornelia Manolescu, Corina Zugravu, Corneliu Nicolae Zaharia, Anca Irina Dumitrescu, Irina Prasacu, Mihaela Corina Radu, Goraneanu Draghici Letitia, Irina Nita, Corina Marilena Cristache, Laurentia Nicoleta Gales
Summary: The aim of this study is to assess the barriers and facilitators of the current Romanian HPV vaccination campaign. The results showed that the inclusion of HPV vaccination in the National Vaccination Program is the most important factor in promoting vaccination. On the other hand, vaccine hesitancy often stems from the high cost of the vaccine and a lack of proper information.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David Robert Grimes, Edward M. A. Corry, Talia Malagon, Ciaran O'Riain, Eduardo L. Franco, Donal J. Brennan
Summary: The study compared different cervical cancer screening modalities on a simulated population of women aged >= 25 years, considering the increasing uptake of the HPV vaccine. HPV-based modalities outperformed LBC-based approaches, with reflex approaches and appropriate test intervals maximizing therapeutic efficacy. Increasing HPV vaccination rates resulted in fewer unnecessary colposcopies with HPV-based screening approaches.
Article
Oncology
Jacqueline M. Mix, Mona Saraiya, Trevor D. Thompson, Troy D. Querec, April Greek, Thomas C. Tucker, Edward S. Peters, Charles F. Lynch, Brenda Y. Hernandez, Glenn Copeland, Marc T. Goodman, Elizabeth R. Unger
Summary: The study compared HPV prevalence among high-grade cervical precancers and invasive cervical cancers before and after HPV vaccine availability. No significant reduction in vaccine-type prevalence was observed between the two studies, likely due to low HPV vaccination coverage among women in the postvaccine study. Monitoring HPV-type prevalence through population-based strategies remains important for evaluating the impact of the HPV vaccine.
Article
Immunology
Howard D. Strickler, Marla J. Keller, Nancy A. Hessol, Isam-Eldin Eltoum, Mark H. Einstein, Philip E. Castle, L. Stewart Massad, Lisa Flowers, Lisa Rahangdale, Jessica M. Atrio, Catalina Ramirez, Howard Minkoff, Adaora A. Adimora, Igho Ofotokun, Christine Colie, Megan J. Huchko, Margaret Fischl, Rodney Wright, Gypsyamber D'Souza, Jason Leider, Olga Diaz, Lorraine Sanchez-Keeland, Sadeep Shrestha, Xianhong Xie, Xiaonan Xue, Kathryn Anastos, Joel M. Palefsky, Robert D. Burk
Summary: The study found that in women living with HIV, primary human papillomavirus screening (PHS) combined with reflex HPV16/18 genotyping can reduce unnecessary colposcopies, potentially serving as an alternative to co-testing.
CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Eduardo Franco
Summary: The American Cancer Society (ACS) believes that the time has come for primary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening in the United States, but it requires educating the public and healthcare providers and overcoming logistical barriers. ACS is taking the lead by utilizing its resources to promote primary HPV screening in the US and sharing best practices from other countries through its Primary HPV Screening Initiative.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Pranvera Zejnullahu Raci, Fitim Raci, Teuta Hadri
Summary: The level of knowledge and awareness of HPV infection and vaccination among women in Kosovo is low, with only a small percentage being vaccinated. Women with higher education, younger age, and living in urban areas are more likely to be aware of the importance of HPV infection and its relation to cervical cancer.
Review
Oncology
Hiroshi Yoshida, Kouya Shiraishi, Tomoyasu Kato
Summary: Although cervical cancer is primarily caused by HPV infection, some cases test negative for HPV. True HPV-negative cancers are more common in certain adenocarcinoma subtypes, and have different pathological progression and pathogenesis compared to HPV-associated cervical cancers.
Article
Immunology
Katarzyna Smolarczyk, Anna Duszewska, Slawomir Drozd, Slawomir Majewski
Summary: The study reveals that parents in Poland have low knowledge about HPV and HPV vaccines, with only 49.4% providing correct answers. Parents' attitudes are influenced solely by knowledge and education.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Robert A. Bednarczyk, Noel T. Brewer, Melissa B. Gilkey, Sherri Zorn, Rebecca B. Perkins, Kristin Oliver, Debbie Saslow
Summary: The ACIP has recommended HPV vaccination for adolescents since 2006, but its uptake has lagged behind other adolescent vaccines. The ACIP recommends starting HPV vaccination at 11-12 y, with 9 y as an option. This commentary summarizes the current recommendations and evidence regarding HPV vaccination starting at 9 y, and suggests future directions for research and implementation.
HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Frithjof Sy, Astrid Berner-Rodoreda, Takelech Asnake, Misrak Getnet, Wondwossen Amogne, Hermann Bussmann, Helen Abera, Till Barnighausen, Andreas Deckert
Summary: Health decision-makers in Ethiopia are willing to use computer-aided predictions to support cervical cancer interventions, with a particular interest in identifying local HPV hotspots.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Lisa Rahangdale, Chemtai Mungo, Siobhan O'Connor, Carla J. Chibwesha, Noel Brewer
Summary: Persistent human papillomavirus infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. Vaccination can reduce the incidence of cervical pre-cancer, but the vaccination coverage is inadequate globally, especially in low and middle income countries. Strategies to improve coverage include increasing accessibility of low-cost vaccines, school located delivery, single-dose vaccine schedules, and development of vaccines that do not require refrigeration. Demand side strategies involve enhancing provider recommendations, correcting misinformation, and public awareness campaigns. Achieving near elimination of cervical cancer is possible through increased human papillomavirus vaccination uptake and efforts to increase cervical cancer screening.
BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Ethnic Studies
Tahira Yeasmeen, Margaret Kelaher, Julia M. L. Brotherton
Summary: This study investigates the different types of racism experienced by Muslim and non-Muslim women living in Victoria, Australia, and the adverse mental health outcome they face after experiencing racism.
ETHNICITY & HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Sheena G. Sullivan, Giovanni Radhitio P. Sadewo, Julia M. Brotherton, Claire Kaufman, Jessie J. Goldsmith, Sarah Whiting, Logan Wu, Jose T. Canevari, Dean Lusher
Summary: Restricting visitor access and encouraging staff to work at a single site can help prevent the spread of COVID-19 in residential aged-care services. This study found that multi-site work and household contacts were the main factors contributing to the spread of the virus in aged-care facilities. Therefore, limiting staff mobility and reducing transmission through household networks are essential measures to prevent outbreaks.
INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Aimee R. Kreimer, Tania Cernuschi, Helen Rees, Julia M. L. Brotherton, Carolina Porras, John Schiller
Summary: Many countries burdened by cervical cancer have not provided HPV vaccines to most eligible girls, resulting in limited access to screening and treatment. However, the increased vaccine supply and single-dose recommendation provide an opportunity to expand vaccination and prevent millions of projected cervical cancer cases.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Virology
Louiza S. Veientzis, David Hawkes, Michael Caruanaa, Julia ML. Brotherton, Megan A. Smith, Lara Roeske, Khurram A. Karim, Suzanne M. Garland, C. David Wrede, Jeffery Tan, Cosette Wheeler, Philip E. Castle, Marion Saville, Karen Canfell
Summary: Australia's cervical screening program transitioned to HPV testing in December 2017 and we investigated the impact of the HPV vaccination program on HPV16/18 prevalence. The results showed a significant reduction in HPV16/18 prevalence after vaccination compared to pre-vaccination levels.
TUMOUR VIRUS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joachim Worthington, Jie-Bin Lew, Emily He, Kate Broun, Katina D'Onise, Paul Grogan, Karen Canfell, Eleonora Feletto
Summary: Colorectal cancer has geographic inequities in Australia, with higher mortality rates and lower participation in the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP) in remote and rural areas. This study describes the demographics of HZP areas and estimates the impacts of potential screening changes.
AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Karen Canfell, Bette Liu, Emily Banks
MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
David M. Goldsbury, Amy Vassallo, Marianne Weber, Julia Steinberg, Penelope Webb, Anna DeFazio, Karen Canfell
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the direct health system costs of women diagnosed with ovarian cancer in Australia during 2006-2013, and found that the costs are substantial. Continued investment in ovarian cancer research, including prevention, early detection, and personalized treatments, is necessary to reduce the burden of the disease.
Article
Substance Abuse
Stephen Wade, Marianne F. Weber, Peter Sarich, Michael Caruana, Christina Watts, Pavla Vaneckova, Preston Ngo, Sonya Cressman, Michelle Scollo, Emily Banks, Coral E. Gartner, Paul B. Grogan, Tony Blakely, Martin C. Tammemagi, Karen Canfell
Summary: This study aimed to compare 50-year forecasts of Australian tobacco smoking rates in relation to smoking initiation and cessation trends and a national target of <= 5% adult daily prevalence by 2030. Using a compartmental model and population predictions, the study estimated smoking prevalence to 2066 and compared scenarios of different trends in initiation and cessation rates. The results showed that current trends will not achieve the target by 2030, and urgent strategies are needed to prevent initiation and facilitate cessation.
Article
Biology
Carolyn Nickson, Megan A. Smith, Eleonora Feletto, Louiza S. Velentzis, Kate Broun, Sabine Deij, Paul Grogan, Michaela Hall, Emily He, D. James St John, Jie-Bin Lew, Pietro Procopio, Kate T. Simms, Joachim Worthington, G. Bruce Mann, Karen Canfell, Talia Malagon
Summary: Australia introduced COVID-19 infection prevention and control measures and conducted a modelled evaluation of the impact of disruptions to cancer screening programmes. The findings showed that a 12-month screening disruption would reduce breast and colorectal cancer diagnoses, but increase cervical cancer diagnoses. Maintaining screening participation is critical to preventing an increase in the burden of cancer at a population level.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Joanne Jackson, Nicole Sonneveld, Harunor Rashid, Larissa Karpish, Seaneen Wallace, Lisa Whop, Cyra Patel, Julia Brotherton, Han Wang, Alexandra Hendry, Brynley Hull, Katrina Clark, Stephen Lambert, Aditi Dey, Frank Beard
Summary: This report is the fifth comprehensive report by the National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance (NCIRS) on vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) and vaccination coverage in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people from 2016 to 2019. It analyzes and assesses data on notifications, hospital admissions, deaths, and vaccination coverage to support service delivery, policy development, and further research. The report highlights achievements in improving the health of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people through immunization programs and suggests future directions.
COMMUNICABLE DISEASES INTELLIGENCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Susan Yuill, Sam Egger, Megan A. Smith, Louiza Velentzis, Marion Saville, Erich Kliewer, Deborah Bateson, Karen Canfell
Summary: This study compared the participation in the National Cervical Screening Program (NCSP) between immigrants and Australian-born women. The results showed that women from New Zealand, Oceania, Middle East/North Africa, Southeast Asia, Chinese Asia, Japan/South Korea, and Southern/Central Asia had lower screening participation rates, while women from Malta and South America had higher participation rates. Non-English-speaking-at-home women were less likely to be screened. Even after living in Australia for over 20 years, immigrant groups still had lower screening rates compared to Australian-born women. This study suggests that there is room for improvement in screening participation for these groups.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCREENING
(2023)
Article
Economics
Preston Ngo, Deme Karikios, David Goldsbury, Stephen Wade, Zarnie Lwin, Brett G. M. Hughes, Kwun M. Fong, Karen Canfell, Marianne Weber
Summary: New therapies have improved the standard of care for lung cancer since 2016, leading to a need for up-to-date evidence in health economic modelling. A discrete event simulation of advanced lung cancer treatment was developed to estimate survival outcomes and healthcare costs in the Australian setting, which can be updated as new therapies are introduced.
Article
Virology
Xiangqun Ju, Sneha Sethi, Annika Antonsson, Joanne Hedges, Karen Canfell, Megan Smith, Gail Garvey, Richard M. Logan, Lisa M. Jamieson
Summary: This study investigated the natural history and risk factors of oral HPV infections in an Australian Indigenous cohort. Data was collected from Indigenous Australians aged 18+ years through face-to-face interviews and saliva samples. The prevalence, incidence, and persistence of oral HPV infection were high in this population, with oral sex behaviors and recreational drug use identified as risk factors for high-risk HPV infection.
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
Sonya Cressman, Marianne Weber, Preston Ngo, Alain Tremblay, Stephen Wade, Renee Manser, Emily Stone, Sukhinder Atkar-Khattra, Deme Karikios, Cheryl Ho, Silvia Behar Harpaz, Michael Caruana, Aleisha Fernandes, Jing Yi Weng, Annette McWilliams, Renelle Meyers, John Mayo, John Yee, Ren Yuan, Henry Marshall, Kwun Fong, Stephen Lam, Karen Canfell, Martin Tammemagi
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Joachim Worthington, Emily He, Jie-Bin Lew, James St John, Christopher Horn, Paul Grogan, Karen Canfell, Eleonora Feletto
Summary: The objective and importance of this study is to assess and project colonoscopy use in Australia and determine the impact by examining the demand generated from the National Bowel Cancer Screening Program (NBCSP). The study found that the NBCSP accounts for a modest fraction of colonoscopy use in Australia, and a better understanding of colonoscopy use not associated with the NBCSP is needed to improve outcomes and ease service pressure.
PUBLIC HEALTH RESEARCH & PRACTICE
(2023)
