Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bowen Wang, Zhiheng Zhao, Michael Xiong, Rui Yan, Ke Xu
Summary: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a versatile organelle with distinct forms of tubules, regulated by Rtn4 and Climp63, that together form a ribbon-like structure of well-defined width.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Antonio de Jesus Lopez-Fuentes, Karime Naid Nachon-Garduno, Fernando Suaste-Olmos, Ariadna Mendieta-Romero, Leonardo Peraza-Reyes
Summary: This study demonstrates the involvement of the reticulon protein RTN1 in shaping the endoplasmic reticulum and aiding in the process of ascospore formation and nuclear segregation during sexual development in the model fungus Podospora anserina. The proper functioning and positioning of the spindle during meiosis rely on accurate dynamics of the ER membrane, with proteins such as RTN1 playing a key role in regulating nuclear dynamics.
Article
Biology
Tricia T. Nguyen, Gia K. Voeltz
Summary: This study investigates how ER-associated mitochondrial nodes regulate the assembly of fission and fusion machinery on mitochondrial membranes. The researchers identified an ER membrane protein, ABHD16A, as a major regulator of node formation. The absence of ABHD16A results in the failure of fission and fusion machineries to recruit to the nodes, leading to decreased rates of fission and fusion.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qingzhu Chu, Jingru Wang, Yuanjiao Du, Tiantian Zhou, Anbing Shi, Juan Xiong, Wei-Ke Ji, Lin Deng
Summary: The study reveals a new role of CHMP7 in mediating three-way ER and ER-mitochondrial membrane contact sites, and it also regulates ER-mitochondrial interactions independently of the ESCRT complex.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ben Zucker, Michael M. Kozlov
Summary: Recent advances in super-resolution microscopy revealed previously unknown nanoscopic organization of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), including various nanostructures, and proposed a common concept based on membrane intrinsic curvature and ultra-low membrane tensions as key factors shaping these structures.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Editorial Material
Cell Biology
Hana Popelka, Daniel J. J. Klionsky
Summary: A recent study used cryo-electron tomography combined with computational analysis to gain insights into autophagosome biogenesis in yeast cells. This approach provided new information on autophagic structures, their contacts with organelles, membrane sources, and transition mechanisms. These findings open new avenues for autophagy research and highlight the potential of cryo-ET in cell biology.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manasi S. Apte, Amit S. Joshi
Summary: Lipid droplets (LDs) are organelles that play important roles in metabolic processes. This article discusses the recent progress in understanding the formation of eukaryotic nascent LDs, focusing on the role of ER membrane shaping proteins, membrane lipids, and cytoskeleton proteins.
Article
Immunology
Wen-ying Long, Guo-hua Zhao, Yao Wu
Summary: ATL proteins have been found to regulate KSHV lytic activation and infection, and ER stress can promote the lytic activation of KSHV. This study expands the known scope of biological processes controlled by ATLs.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Jiahui Bian, Xiao Su, Xiaoyan Yuan, Yuan Zhang, Jinxing Lin, Xiaojuan Li
Summary: This review focuses on the structural organization, dynamics, and physiological functions of membrane contact sites between the endoplasmic reticulum and various organelles, particularly in plants. Membrane contact sites play a vital role in development and response to stress by facilitating highly dynamic and organized interactions among organelles. The endoplasmic reticulum acts as an architectural scaffold to maintain the spatial distribution of other membrane-bound organelles. Future research directions related to membrane contact sites are also discussed.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Daniel Crosby, Melissa R. Mikolaj, Sarah B. Nyenhuis, Samantha Bryce, Jenny E. Hinshaw, Tina H. Lee
Summary: ER network formation depends on membrane fusion by the atlastin (ATL) GTPase. Successful reconstitution of fusion activity by the human ATLs has been achieved. The major splice isoforms of ATL1 and ATL2 are found to be autoinhibited to different degrees. Autoinhibition can be relieved by charge reversal of residues in the inhibitory domain, leading to activation of fusion activity. Neurons express an ATL2 splice isoform with full fusion activity due to sequence differences in the inhibitory domain. These findings highlight the importance of autoinhibition and alternate splicing in regulating atlastin-mediated ER fusion.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
V. A. Ismail, T. Naismith, D. J. Kast
Summary: Lipid droplets (LDs) are important organelles involved in cellular metabolism. Little is known about the molecular factors that regulate LD growth and degradation. This study shows that the autophagy-related protein DFCP1 is an NTPase that regulates LD metabolism by modulating free fatty acid metabolism, and its accumulation on LDs is regulated by a previously unknown NTPase domain.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Vaishali Kumar, Shuvadeep Maity
Summary: Recent studies have highlighted the significance of inter organelle connections in maintaining cellular homeostasis, particularly the specialized physical connection between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria at the mitochondria-associated ER membrane (MAM). While IRE1alpha and PERK are well-known for their canonical role as ER stress sensors, their potential non-canonical functions at the MAM beyond ER stress signaling have become a focus of current research.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Gunes Parlakgul, Ana Paula Arruda, Song Pang, Erika Cagampan, Nina Min, Ekin Guney, Grace Yankun Lee, Karen Inouye, Harald F. Hess, C. Shan Xu, Gokhan S. Hotamisligil
Summary: This study reveals the complex structural organization of organelles in liver tissue and highlights the significant alterations in obese mice. The functional importance of these structural changes on cellular and systemic metabolism is also demonstrated.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Menno Spits, Iris T. Heesterbeek, Lennard M. Voortman, Jimmy J. Akkermans, Ruud H. Wijdeven, Birol Cabukusta, Jacques Neefjes
Summary: The co-migration of ER with other organelles, facilitated by late endosomes and lysosomes, is a major mechanism controlling ER network architecture. This process alters local ER structure and links late endosomal/lysosomal positioning and mobility to ER network architecture.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hector Foronda, Yangxue Fu, Adriana Covarrubias-Pinto, Hartmut T. Bocker, Alexis Gonzalez, Eric Seemann, Patricia Franzka, Andrea Bock, Ramachandra M. M. Bhaskara, Lutz Liebmann, Marina E. E. Hoffmann, Istvan Katona, Nicole Koch, Joachim Weis, Ingo Kurth, Joseph G. G. Gleeson, Fulvio Reggiori, Gerhard Hummer, Michael M. M. Kessels, Britta Qualmann, Muriel Mari, Ivan Dikic, Christian A. A. Huebner
Summary: Membrane-shaping proteins containing reticulon homology domains are crucial for dynamic remodelling of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). FAM134B is an example of such a protein, which mediates the degradation of ER sheets through a process called selective autophagy (ER-phagy) by binding to LC3 proteins. Mutations in FAM134B result in a neurodegenerative disorder in humans.
Article
Cell Biology
Yimeng Zhu, Gangming Zhang, Shaoyu Lin, Juanming Shi, Hong Zhang, Junjie Hu
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingxiao Shi, Shaoyu Lin, Kim A. Staats, Yichen Li, Wen-Hsuan Chang, Shu-Ting Hung, Eric Hendricks, Gabriel R. Linares, Yaoming Wang, Esther Y. Son, Xinmei Wen, Kassandra Kisler, Brent Wilkinson, Louise Menendez, Tohru Sugawara, Phillip Woolwine, Mickey Huang, Michael J. Cowan, Brandon Ge, Nicole Koutsodendris, Kaitlin P. Sandor, Jacob Komberg, Vamshidhar R. Vangoor, Ketharini Senthilkumar, Valerie Hennes, Carina Seah, Amy R. Nelson, Tze-Yuan Cheng, Shih-Jong J. Lee, Paul R. August, Jason A. Chen, Nicholas Wisniewski, Victor Hanson-Smith, T. Grant Belgard, Alice Zhang, Marcelo Coba, Chris Grunseich, Michael E. Ward, Leonard H. van den Berg, R. Jeroen Pasterkamp, Davide Trotti, Berislav V. Zlokovic, Justin K. Ichida
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanbin Feng, Wenying Yu, Xinxin Li, Shaoyu Lin, Ying Zhou, Junjie Hu, Xinqi Liu
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2013)
Article
Neurosciences
Xinmei Wen, Wenzhi Tan, Thomas Westergard, Karthik Krishnamurthy, Shashirekha S. Markandaiah, Yingxiao Shi, Shaoyu Lin, Neil A. Shneider, John Monaghan, Udai B. Pandey, Piera Pasinelli, Justin K. Ichida, Davide Trotti
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jeffrey W. Santoso, Xiling Li, Divya Gupta, Gio C. Suh, Eric Hendricks, Shaoyu Lin, Sarah Perry, Justin K. Ichida, Dion Dickman, Megan L. McCain
Summary: In order to develop effective treatments for neuromuscular diseases, human-relevant in vitro models of neuromuscular tissues are essential. This study improved neuromuscular junctions formed by human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived motor neurons through optimizing the maturity of the co-cultured muscle tissue, specifically using engineered chick muscle tissues. The engineered chick muscle tissues displayed increasing maturity in NMJs, revealing new insights into the molecular pathways involved in enhancing NMJ formation.
APL BIOENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yingxiao Shi, Shu-Ting Hung, Gabriel Rocha, Shaoyu Lin, Gabriel R. Linares, Kim A. Staats, Carina Seah, Yaoming Wang, Michael Chickering, Jesse Lai, Tohru Sugawara, Abhay P. Sagare, Berislav Zlokovic, Justin K. Ichida
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kun He, Mengyi Xie, Weifeng Hong, Yonghe Li, Yaolin Yin, Xiaojin Gao, Yi He, Yu Chen, Chuan You, Jingdong Li
Summary: Centromere protein L (CENPL) is overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and is associated with poor patient prognosis. Upregulation of CENPL promotes tumor proliferation and glycolysis in HCC cells by activating the MEK1/2-ERK1/2 signaling pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yingzi Wang, Haozhong Huang, Huimin Weng, Chunsen Jia, Bin Liao, Yang Long, Fengxu Yu, Yongmei Nie
Summary: Talin protein plays a crucial role in transmitting mechanical forces by connecting the extracellular matrix to the cytoskeleton. It converts mechanical signals into biochemical signals and serves as diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic indicators in diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hema Saranya Ilamathi, Marc Germain
Summary: Mitochondria are the central metabolic hubs in cells, relying on proteins encoded by nuclear DNA and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) for their function. The maintenance and distribution of mtDNA are crucial for proper mitochondrial function and are associated with mitochondrial diseases. mtDNA is organized into nucleoids that dynamically move and interact with each other. The replication and distribution of mtDNA nucleoids are regulated by the complex interplay of mitochondrial dynamics, ER-mitochondria contact sites, and cytoskeletal networks.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
K. K. Sruthi, Sirisha Natani, Ramesh Ummanni
Summary: The overexpression of TPD52 is associated with the emergence of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC). TPD52 activates the NF-kappa B - STAT3 axis to induce neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) of prostate cancer cells. Therapeutic targeting of TPD52 is important for the treatment of prostate cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cui Li, Feifan Xiang, Yuqi Gong, Yi Fu, Ge Chen, Zhi Wang, Zhong Li, Daiqing Wei
Summary: Our study demonstrates the significant role of tumor-derived microparticles (T-MPs) in osteosarcoma metastasis and immune response. T-MPs promote macrophage polarization and stimulate migration and chemoresistance of osteosarcoma cells, thereby affecting the progression of osteosarcoma.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2024)