Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rachel F. Simpson, Kathryn R. Hesketh, Kate Ellis, Esther M. F. van Sluijs
Summary: This scoping review provides an overview of the current evidence base on parental physical activity, highlighting the predominance of research from North America, the focus on mothers over fathers, and the concentration on parents of infants, toddlers, and primary-school aged children.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jacqui H. Morris, Linda A. Irvine, Stephan U. Dombrowski, Brendan McCormack, Frederike Van Wijck, Maggie Lawrence
Summary: This study aims to develop a theoretically informed, 12-week person-centred dyadic behaviour change intervention called We Walk, to increase physical activity in community-dwelling people with stroke through outdoor walking. The intervention components and structure were determined through literature review, stakeholder focus groups, and consultation with behaviour change experts. Detailed delivery manuals were developed based on the final intervention content.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Iben Axen, Elisabeth Bjork Bramberg, Anders Galaasen Bakken, Lydia Kwak
Summary: Recruiting sufficient and representative subjects is a common challenge in research that may impact the external validity of study results. The focus of the study is on addressing recruitment challenges and proposing solutions.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rifqah Abeeda Roomaney, Brian van Wyk, Eunice Bolanle Turawa, Victoria Pillay-van Wyk
Summary: The prevalence of multimorbidity in South Africa varies from low to moderate (3%-23%) in studies including younger populations to moderate to high (30%-87%) in studies of older adults. Hypertension is identified as the main driver of multimorbidity in the South African population, especially among older adults. Further research on multimorbidity in South Africa should focus on high-quality study designs to better understand this issue.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Natalie Pearson, Paula Griffiths, Esther van Sluijs, Andrew J. Atkin, Kamlesh Khunti, Lauren B. Sherar
Summary: This study examined the associations between socioeconomic position and physical activity and sedentary behaviors of young people in the UK. The results showed that the relationship between socioeconomic position and physical activity or sedentary behavior varied depending on the indicators used and the behavioral outcomes. The study highlights the need for greater consistency in measuring socioeconomic position and behavioral outcomes for more robust meta-analyses specific to the country.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Md Shariful Islam, Md Golam Rabbani, Ammatul Fardousi, Monaemul Islam Sizear, K. M. Saif-Ur-Rahman
Summary: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, affecting over 1.13 billion individuals worldwide. However, around half of individuals with hypertension do not continue treatment with medication. This research aims to examine the effect of leisure-time physical activity in controlling blood pressure.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Rebecca Grant, Timothee Dub, Xanthi Andrianou, Hanna Nohynek, Annelies Wilder-Smith, Patrizio Pezzotti, Arnaud Fontanet
Summary: This study reviewed 23 population-based SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence studies conducted in Europe, finding that the level of infection is much higher than the officially reported cases. Exposure to the virus in Europe has not reached a level that would prevent further circulation of the virus, highlighting the urgent need for effective vaccine candidates to provide population immunity.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Raphael Lucas da Silva Marques, Andrea Toledo de Oliveira Rezende, Ana Lucia Junger, Matias Noll, Cesar de Oliveira, Erika Aparecida Silveira
Summary: This article presents the prevalence, functional limitations, and negative impacts of chronic pain in older adults, and highlights physical activity as a non-pharmacological approach for preventing chronic pain. The study protocol aims to analyze the relationship between physical activity and the occurrence and intensity of chronic pain in older adults through a systematic review and potential meta-analysis. The results may contribute to the understanding of physical activity as a protective factor against pain in later life, and support the development of prevention plans and public policies.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Edgar D. Hernandez, Cristian Arvey Guzman, Pamela Seron
Summary: This scoping review systematically identified interventions based on environmental determinants to improve nutritional and physical activity habits in Colombia. Thirteen initiatives were found, targeting various settings including schools, workplaces, and communities. It is important for both public and private institutions to implement these programs in order to promote physical activity and healthy eating nationwide.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andrea Ramirez Varela, Gloria Isabel Nino Cruz, Pedro Hallal, Cauane Blumenberg, Shana Ginar da Silva, Deborah Salvo, Rafaela Martins, Bruna Goncalves Cordeiro da Silva, Eugen Resendiz, Maria Catalina del Portillo, Luciana Zaranza Monteiro, Selina Khoo, Kar Hau Chong, Marcelo Cozzensa da Silva, Alice Mannocci, Ding Ding, Michael Pratt
Summary: The study revealed an increasing number of publications in the field of physical activity over the last 60 years, with a growing number of disciplines and research methods. However, significant inequities were identified, showing substantial knowledge gaps across geographic regions and by country income groups over time. Regular global surveillance of physical activity research is needed, particularly in countries with the largest data gaps, focusing on public health impact and global equity to promote physical activity worldwide.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mishell Barreno, Ivan Sisa, Martha Cecilia Yepez Garcia, Hua Shen, Monica Villar, Irina Kovalskys, Mauro Fisberg, Georgina Gomez, Attilio Rigotti, Lilia Yadira Cortes, Rossina G. Pareja, Marianella Herrera-Cuenca, Viviana Guajardo
Summary: The study assessed the association between physical activity level and built environment in Latin America, finding that the current built environment in the region does not promote physical activity. This highlights the need for policies and interventions at regional and national levels to create a safe, healthy, and friendly environment to encourage participation in active recreation and sports during leisure time.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Tsuyoshi Okuhara, Hiroko Okada, Eiko Goto, Takahiro Kiuchi
Summary: This scoping review aims to analyze studies of interventions using narrative to encourage vaccination. The study will search multiple databases, extract data on study characteristics, participant characteristics, methodology, main results, and theoretical foundation, and synthesize the findings in a descriptive and narrative review.
Review
Sport Sciences
Edvard H. Sagelv, Laila Arnesdatter Hopstock, Bente Morseth, Bjorge H. Hansen, Jostein Steene-Johannessen, Jonas Johansson, Anna Nordstrom, Pedro F. St-Maurice, Ola Lovsletten, Tom Wilsgaard, Ulf Ekelund, Jakob Tarp
Summary: Sedentary time is associated with higher mortality risk in individuals accumulating less than 22 min of MVPA per day. Higher levels of MVPA are associated with lower mortality risk regardless of the amount of sedentary time.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jian Wu, Quanman Li, Yu Feng, Soumitra S. Bhuyan, Clifford Silver Tarimo, Xin Zeng, Cuiping Wu, Ning Chen, Yudong Miao
Summary: This meta-analysis found that compared with inactive commuting, active commuting reduced the risk of obesity, hypertension, and diabetes. Linear associations were observed between active commuting and these health outcomes. The study suggests that active commuting may be associated with lower risk of these adverse health outcomes, but caution is needed due to the observational nature of the included studies.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Glen E. Duncan, Ally A. Avery, Philip Hurvitz, Anne Vernez-Moudon, Siny Tsang
Summary: This study found that identical twins who reside in more walkable neighborhoods have higher activity levels, and this association remains significant even when controlling for genetic and shared environmental factors. Improvements to the neighborhood environment could lead to increased activity levels in communities throughout the USA.
Article
Geography
Pulan Bai, Jasper Schipperijn, Michael Rosenberg, Hayley Christian
Summary: This study used a novel method to investigate the activity levels of preschool children in outdoor play areas in Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) centers. The findings showed that children in large-very large ECEC centers were more physically active compared to those in small-medium sized centers. Physical activity hot spots were frequently found in open areas and sometimes in adjacent outdoor play areas. The amount of running space and its location in relation to open areas were important for facilitating physical activity in preschool children.
CHILDRENS GEOGRAPHIES
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Imogen Lloyd, Tamzin Furtado, Alexander J. German, Francine Watkins, Robert Christley, Carri Westgarth
Summary: This exploratory study analyzed comments made in online public fora and about online video clips to evaluate people's perceptions, attitudes, and behaviors relating to canine obesity and weight management. The study identified four key themes that impact feeding practices and compliance with weight-reduction programs: balancing conflicting responsibilities, the need to alleviate perceived hunger, the perception of excess body fat, and the control over the dog's body condition and food intake.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Magdalena Zebrowska, Susanne Strohmaier, Carri Westgarth, Curtis Huttenhower, Astrid C. Erber, Shahab Haghayegh, A. Heather Eliassen, Tianyi Huang, Francine Laden, Jaime E. Hart, Bernard Rosner, Ichiro Kawachi, Jorge E. Chavarro, Olivia I. Okereke, Eva S. Schernhammer
Summary: In this longitudinal study, no association was found between pet ownership and adolescent depression overall. However, subgroup analyses suggest that some individuals may benefit from having a pet in terms of their mental health.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
J. S. P. Tulloch, J. A. Oxley, R. M. Christley, C. Westgarth
Summary: This study aimed to describe the incidence and demographics of fatal dog bites or strikes in England and Wales from 2001 to 2021. A descriptive analysis of mortality data was conducted, and individuals who died from being bitten or struck by a dog were identified. The results showed that dog-related deaths are rare and have not increased during the study period. Further information is needed to develop public health strategies and interventions.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Hannah E. Brindle, Leonardo S. Bastos, Robert Christley, Lucie Contamin, Le Hai Dang, Dang Duc Anh, Neil French, Michael Griffiths, Behzad Nadjm, H. Rogier van Doorn, Pham Quang Thai, Tran Nhu Duong, Marc Choisy
Summary: The incidence of AES in Vietnam varies by region and season, with the highest incidence during the summer in the northern provinces. The cause of AES remains unknown in many cases. This study aims to understand the spatio-temporal distribution of, and risk factors for AES in Vietnam to help hypothesise the aetiology.
BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Matthew Mclaughlin, Andrea Nathan, Ashleigh Thornton, Jasper Schipperijn, Stewart G. Trost, Hayley Christian
Summary: This study described the adaptations made to the implementation support strategies of the Play Active intervention during scale-up and examined their impact on intervention effectiveness. The results showed that the adaptations primarily focused on the content and delivery mode of the implementation strategies, and most of them had a positive or neutral effect on the intervention effectiveness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Emma K. Adams, Andrea Nathan, Stewart G. Trost, Jasper Schipperijn, Trevor Shilton, Georgina Trapp, Clover Maitland, Ashleigh Thornton, Matthew Mclaughlin, Phoebe George, Elizabeth Wenden, Hayley Christian
Summary: This study examined the effectiveness, implementation, and process outcomes of Play Active, a physical activity policy intervention. The results showed that Play Active significantly improved the implementation of physical activity policies, but did not lead to significant changes in children's physical activity levels. However, Play Active showed high awareness, fidelity, reach, and acceptability among educators and directors. Future research should investigate the effectiveness of Play Active over longer implementation periods and its scalability potential.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
L. J. Wallis, A. D. Radford, Z. Belshaw, J. Jackson, E. Kubinyi, A. J. German, C. Westgarth
Summary: This study investigated the experiences and attitudes of UK dog owners and veterinary professionals towards ageing in dogs, as well as barriers and best-practice solutions for health care. The results showed that many dog owners perceived age-related changes as just old age, leading to a lack of vaccinations and check-ups. The greatest barriers to health care were financial issues and lack of owner awareness and willingness to act. Trust in veterinary professionals was more likely when there was continuity, prioritization of care, clear communication, and accessible and knowledgeable professionals. Participants suggested improving senior health care and communication through questionnaires and evidence-based online information.
JOURNAL OF SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
John S. P. Tulloch, Kate M. Fleming, Gina Pinchbeck, Julie Forster, Walter Lowe, Carri Westgarth
Summary: This study aimed to describe the incidence, demographics, context, and consequences of animal-related injuries at UK veterinary schools. A multicentre audit of accident records across five UK veterinary schools was performed. Cats and dogs were associated with the highest number of reported injuries, while injuries associated with cattle and horses were the most severe.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Madeline Heys, Imogen Lloyd, Carri Westgarth
Summary: This study investigates the usage and perceived benefits and barriers of canine enrichment feeding (CEF) by dog owners. Results show that Kongs, chews, and activity toys are the most popular forms of CEF. Owners not using CEF are more likely to be male and older. CEF is perceived to provide mental stimulation, but lack of time is a common barrier.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Andrea Nathan, Jasper Schipperijn, Trina Robinson, Phoebe George, Bryan Boruff, Stewart G. Trost, Hayley Christian
Summary: We explored how parent perceptions of the neighbourhood environment moderate the relationship between objectively measured attributes of the neighbourhood environment and physical activity levels in pre-schoolers. The presence of neighbourhood parks positively influenced energetic play in pre-schoolers when parents perceived good access to services. However, objective measurements of street connectivity were associated with lower levels of energetic play when parents perceived pedestrian and traffic safety to be poor. A better understanding of the parental role in shaping physically active environments for pre-schoolers is crucial for developing targeted interventions.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Katharine L. Anderson, Rachel A. Casey, Ben Cooper, Melissa M. Upjohn, Robert M. Christley
Summary: This paper provides an overview of a National Dog Survey in the UK, aiming to understand the current dog population and their owners. The results highlight trends and patterns, including the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Understanding dog demographics is important for addressing their welfare needs and developing appropriate interventions.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Elly Hiby, Tuntikorn Rungpatana, Alicja Izydorczyk, Craig Rooney, Mike Harfoot, Robert Christley
Summary: In Greater Bangkok, free-roaming dogs are tolerated by some citizens, but also raise concerns about dog welfare, nuisance behaviors and the risk of rabies transmission. A 5-year Catch, Neuter, Vaccinate and Return (CNVR) intervention was conducted to control the population of these dogs and prevent rabies. The evaluation of this intervention found a reduction in dog density, dog rabies cases, and improvement in dog-human relationships. However, the presence of other sources of free-roaming dogs, mainly abandoned or lost owned dogs, means that additional interventions targeting these dogs are necessary for effective dog population management.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anna Henry, Leanne Fried, Andrea Nathan, Gursimran Dhamrait, Bryan Boruff, Jasper Schipperijn, Donna Cross, Ben Beck, Gina Trapp, Hayley Christian
Summary: Child obesity is a serious public health challenge influenced by individual choices and societal and environmental factors. Current Australian government policies need to address the impact of the built environment on child obesity, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and diet more comprehensively, including involving children in policy development and implementing transparent evaluation plans.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ha Trong Nguyen, Hayley Christian, Huong Thu Le, Luke Connelly, Stephen R. Zubrick, Francis Mitrou
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the differential impact of weather conditions on physical activity and sleep time allocation in children and adults. The findings showed that unfavourable weather conditions, such as cold, hot, or rainy weather, led to a reduction in moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity time and an increase in sedentary time for children. However, these weather conditions had little impact on children's sleep time or the time allocation of their parents.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)