Journal
INTERNATIONAL GEOLOGY REVIEW
Volume 61, Issue 10, Pages 1189-1206Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC
DOI: 10.1080/00206814.2018.1501619
Keywords
Lower Cambrian; agglomerates; tuffaceous conglomerates; basic-ultrabasic volcanism; Laramide; granofels; NW Sonora; Mexico; Caborca
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Funding
- Universidad de Sonora (PIFI 2015-2016 grant)
- Institute of Geology-UNAM
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Volcaniclastic units are exposed at the base of the Puerto Blanco Formation in the Caborca region, northwestern Mexico. The lower unit reveals the presence of Early Cambrian mafic volcanism in this region. It consists of a volcano-sedimentary sequence represented by tuffaceous conglomerates, agglomerates, lapillistones, tuffs, and altered mafic volcanic flows. Petrographic analysis classified the volcanic clasts as albite-sphene-calcite-actinolite granofels, with a moderate to intense hydrothermal alteration, precisely characterized by EPMA analysis. Albite-actinolite geothermometry indicates temperatures from 400 to 500 degrees C, suggesting metamorphic conditions in the upper temperature greenschist facies. Geochemistry analysis shows a high TiO2 basic-ultrabasic volcanism that originated the volcanic clasts. Rock protoliths were studied using immobile trace elements, which classified them as OIB-type alkaline basalts with the characteristic spider hump-shaped pattern, situated in an anorogenic intracontinental tectonic setting with enriched mantle signatures. 40Ar/39Ar geochronology shows metamorphic ages of 52.58 +/- 2.0 and 91.67 +/- 0.55 Ma, consistent with the emplacement of Laramidic granitoids identified in the region. Possible correlations of this alkaline volcanism include the Southern Oklahoma Aulacogen and the late stages of the rifting of north western Laurentia represented in western United States.
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