Article
Virology
Clement Fage, Mathilde Henaut, Julie Carbonneau, Jocelyne Piret, Guy Boivin
Summary: The interactions between SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) were studied in this research. It was found that SARS-CoV-2 interferes with RSV-A2 replication during simultaneous infection but has no effect on A(H1N1)pdm09 replication. Prior infection with SARS-CoV-2 reduces the replication of both respiratory viruses, while prior infection with A(H1N1)pdm09 only reduces subsequent infection with SARS-CoV-2. The mechanism of viral interference between SARS-CoV-2 and A(H1N1)pdm09 is mediated by the production of interferon.
Article
Immunology
Justin R. Ortiz, David Bernstein, Daniel F. Hoft, Christopher W. Woods, Micah T. McClain, Sharon E. Frey, Rebecca C. Brady, Christopher Bryant, Ashley Wegel, Robert W. Frenck Jr, Emmanuel B. Walter, Getahun Abate, Sarah R. Williams, Robert L. Atmar, Wendy A. Keitel, Nadine Rouphael, Mathew J. Memoli, Mamodikoe K. Makhene, Paul C. Roberts, Kathleen M. Neuzil
Summary: This study evaluated the associations between baseline influenza virus-specific HAI and MN titers and subsequent symptomatic influenza virus infection in a controlled human infection study. The results showed that high baseline HAI and MN were associated with protection from illness.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Teena Mohan, Ha T. Nguyen, Krista Kniss, Vasiliy P. Mishin, Angiezel A. Merced-Morales, Jennifer Laplante, Kirsten St George, Patricia Blevins, Anton Chesnokov, Juan A. De la Cruz, Rebecca Kondor, David E. Wentworth, Larisa Gubareva
Summary: Four cases of oseltamivir-resistant influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 virus infection were detected among inhabitants of a border detention center in Texas, USA. The hemagglutinin of these viruses belongs to subclade 6B.1A5A-156K, which may enable viral escape from preexisting immunity, highlighting the importance of monitoring both drug resistance and antigenic drift of circulating viruses.
EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Takuma Soga, Calvin Duong, David Pattinson, Yuko Sakai-Tagawa, Akifumi Tokita, Naomi Izumida, Tamon Nishino, Haruhisa Hagiwara, Noriyuki Wada, Yumi Miyamoto, Haruo Kuroki, Yuka Hayashi, Masafumi Seki, Natsuko Kasuya, Michiko Koga, Eisuke Adachi, Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto, Hiroshi Yotsuyanagi, Seiya Yamayoshi, Yoshihiro Kawaoka
Summary: During the 2019-2020 influenza season in Japan, two kinds of antigenically drifted viruses-N156K and D187A/Q189E viruses-co-circulated, leading to changes in the antigenicity of the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. The D187A and Q189E substitutions in the HA protein emerged and dominated during this season, while the N156K substitution was detected at a higher frequency compared to the previous season.
Article
Immunology
Chenyi Xie, Wen Su, Sin Fun Sia, Ka-Tim Choy, Steven Morrell, Jie Zhou, Malik Peiris, Jesse D. Bloom, Hui-Ling Yen
Summary: This study identified that A(H1N1)pdm09 influenza viruses are mainly transmitted via airborne particles produced by infected ferrets' upper respiratory epithelial cells. The findings highlight the importance of reducing viral loads in the upper respiratory tract with vaccines and antiviral drugs to prevent influenza transmission.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Menucha Jurkowicz, Ital Nemet, Nofar Atari, Ilana S. Fratty, Limor Kliker, Hilda Sherbany, Nathan Keller, Eugene Leibovitz, Ella Mendelson, Michal Mandelboim, Michal Stein
Summary: The 2019-2020 influenza season in Israel was characterized by a high-intensity and early morbidity peak. A cohort of hospitalized patients with laboratory-confirmed influenza was analyzed to further understand disease severity. The study revealed vaccine delays, shortages, and a disproportionate targeting of children and young adults by A(H3N2) and B/Victoria strains, emphasizing the vulnerability of infants and young children and the importance of influenza prevention measures in this population.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Andrew Nishimoto, Nicholas Wohlgemuth, Jason Rosch, Stacey Schultz-Cherry, Valerie Cortez, Hannah M. Rowe
Summary: Bacterial, fungal, and helminthic species within the microbiome of mammalian hosts have significant effects on health and disease. Pathogenic viruses have evolved to interact with and potentially exploit or evade the microbiome during infection. Recent research has highlighted both synergistic and antagonistic interactions between the microbiome and pathogenic viruses, showcasing the complexity of their relationship.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Virology
Min Dou, Wenjun Song, Yongping Lin, Qigao Chen, Chang Lu, Zhongmin Liu
Summary: The study analyzed clinical characteristics and viral genes in patients with severe pneumonia due to H1N1 influenza virus in Guangzhou in 2019. Risk factors for severe disease were identified as chronic lung disease and cardiovascular disease, with a significant rate of secondary infections in critically ill patients. Furthermore, serum IL-8 levels were significantly higher in critically ill patients compared to nonsevere patients and healthy controls.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Andre Almeida, Matteo Boattini, Eirini Christaki, Torcato Moreira Marques, Ines Moreira, Lourenco Cruz, Valentina Tosatto, Diogo Antao, Gabriele Bianco, Marco Iannaccone, Cristina Costa, Georgios Tsiolakkis, Elina Khattab, Diamanto Kasapi, Ana Teresa Ferreira, Rossana Cavallo, Rita Corte-Real
Summary: The study found that Influenza A H1N1 was independently associated with a higher risk of death and IMV, while RSV was associated with older age and more comorbidities.
Article
Microbiology
Pavithra Daulagala, Brian R. Mann, Kathy Leung, Eric H. Y. Lau, Louise Yung, Ruipeng Lei, Sarea I. N. Nizami, Joseph T. Wu, Susan S. Chiu, Rodney S. Daniels, Nicholas C. Wu, David Wentworth, Malik Peiris, Hui-Ling Yen
Summary: Immune imprinting shapes the anti-HA antibody landscape, but the evaluation of anti-HA and anti-NA antibody responses in individuals born within the same birth cohort has been limited. This study characterized NA antigenic variants and found age-dependent imprinting of both anti-HA and anti-NA antibodies. Including NA proteins in influenza vaccine preparations may enhance vaccine efficacy.
Article
Microbiology
Parsa Hodjat, Paul A. Christensen, Sishir Subedi, David W. Bernard, Randall J. Olsen, S. Wesley Long
Summary: The study found that non-COVID respiratory viruses returned rapidly after the relaxation of COVID-19 control measures, highlighting the importance for both physicians and the public to pay attention. Clinicians and the public now need to consider both COVID-19 and other respiratory pathogens when dealing with symptomatic respiratory illnesses in patients.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alaa Atamna, Tanya Babich, Dafi Froimovici, Dafna Yahav, Nadav Sorek, Haim Ben-Zvi, Leonard Leibovici, Jihad Bishara, Tomer Avni
Summary: This study compared the clinical outcomes of patients with laboratory-confirmed RSV and patients with influenza infection, finding that RSV patients had higher rates of complications and were more prone to pneumonia. Hypoalbuminemia, reduced room-air saturation, and RSV infection were identified as predictors of complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Review
Virology
Ralph A. Tripp, John Stambas
Summary: Vaccines targeting viral surface glycoproteins play a crucial role in disease prevention for respiratory viral diseases, with technological advances providing solutions for current and emerging pathogens. Understanding the structural basis for antibody neutralization guides the selection of vaccine targets for respiratory viruses like RSV.
Article
Virology
Caroline Tochetto, Dennis M. M. Junqueira, Tavis K. K. Anderson, Danielle Gava, Vanessa Haach, Mauricio E. E. Cantao, Amy L. Vincent L. Baker, Rejane Schaefer
Summary: Through surveillance and analysis of swine herds in Brazil, it was found that human seasonal influenza viruses have entered the pig population at least eight different times, leading to the formation of distinct genetic subgroups. Bidirectional transmission between humans and pigs is a major contributing factor to the global genetic diversity of swine influenza viruses, highlighting the importance of surveillance.
Article
Virology
Seyed A. Hashemi, Saghar Safamanesh, Hamed Ghasem Zadeh-moghaddam, Majid Ghafouri, Amir Azimian
Summary: The study reveals a high prevalence of coinfection with other respiratory viruses in SARS-CoV-2 positive dead patients, with influenza A virus being the highest and human metapneumovirus being predominant in children.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)