Journal
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASES
Volume 16, Issue 5, Pages 870-880Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC
DOI: 10.1002/ibd.21137
Keywords
Crohn's disease; perianal fistula; therapy; biomaterials
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Funding
- European Crohn's and Colitis Organization (ECCO)
- Medical Research Council
- Sir Halley Stewart Trust
- Department of Health's NTHR Comprehensive Biomedical Research Centres
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Perianal fistulae are common in Crohn's disease but rarely heal without treatment. The main aim of treatment is to effectively close the fistula without affecting sphincter integrity and continence. Traditional surgical and medical approaches are not without their limitations and may result in either comorbidity, such as fecal incontinence, or incomplete healing of the fistulae. Over the last 2 decades these limitations have led to a paradigm shift toward the use of biomaterials. and more recently cell-based therapies, which have met with variable degrees of success. This review discusses the traditional and current methods of treatment, as well as emerging and possible alternative approaches that may improve fistula healing.
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