Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junxiang Yan, Qian Liu, Xinke Xue, Jinghao Li, Yuehua Li, Yingying Su, Boyang Cao
Summary: This study reveals that the VC1795 gene plays a key role in the intestinal colonization and pathogenicity of Vibrio cholerae, and it regulates the expression of its downstream gene, VC1794, and the toxin-coregulated pilus (TCP) cluster. These findings provide insights into the regulatory mechanisms of VC1795 in bacterial pathogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Bat-Erdene Jugder, Juliana H. Batista, Jacob A. Gibson, Paul M. Cunningham, John M. Asara, Paula I. Watnick
Summary: Quorum sensing alters the interaction between Vibrio cholerae and its environment and hosts, leading to a commensal relationship with the host. By regulating gene expression and metabolism, quorum sensing promotes survival of the host by activating the host's intestinal immune signaling.
Article
Biology
Kelsey Barrasso, Denise Chac, Meti D. Debela, Catherine Geigel, Anjali Steenhaut, Abigail Rivera Seda, Chelsea N. Dunmire, Jason B. Harris, Regina C. Larocque, Firas S. Midani, Firdausi Qadri, Jing Yan, Ana A. Weil, Wai-Leung Ng, Melanie Blokesch
Summary: Recent studies suggest that the presence of Paracoccus aminovorans, a commensal bacterium, in the human intestine may enhance the colonization of Vibrio cholerae. The interaction between the two species was shown to form a dual-species biofilm structure with novel features, and this interaction was found to be dependent on the Vibrio exopolysaccharide and other major components of mature V. cholerae biofilm. These findings demonstrate that multispecies biofilm formation could be a mechanism used by gut microbes to increase the virulence of pathogens and potentially impact the outcomes of enteric infections.
Article
Immunology
Jennifer Y. Cho, Rui Liu, Ansel Hsiao
Summary: The commensal microbes of the gut microbiota play an important role in defending against gastrointestinal pathogens. Different commensal communities contribute to individual differences in susceptibility to infections. This study reveals the different response mechanisms of susceptible and infection-resistant microbial communities to Vibrio cholerae infection, including differential gene expression related to oxidative stress and biofilm formation.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Mei Luo, Guozhong Chen, Chunrong Yi, Baoshuai Xue, Xiaoman Yang, Yao Ma, Zixin Qin, Jin Yan, Xiaoyun Liu, Zhi Liu
Summary: During long-term colonization in adult mice, Vibrio cholerae (V. cholerae) increased its fitness by producing nonmotile mutants through deletion of the cyclin gene dps. Methionine metabolism pathway may be involved in the increased colonization in the adult mice.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jiandong Chen, Hyuntae Byun, Rui Liu, I-Ji Jung, Qinqin Pu, Clara Y. Zhu, Ethan Tanchoco, Salma Alavi, Patrick H. Degnan, Amy T. Ma, Manuela Roggiani, Joris Beld, Mark Goulian, Ansel Hsiao, Jun Zhu
Summary: The genotoxin colibactin produced by commensal Escherichia coli can not only induce DNA damage in host intestinal cells, but also target a variety of enteric pathogens and commensals via a contact-dependent mechanism. Furthermore, colibactin can shape the microbiome by species-specific targeting of Bacteroides fragilis, a common gut-associated microbe.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biology
Aftab Nadeem, Alexandra Berg, Hudson Pace, Athar Alam, Eric Toh, Jorgen Aden, Nikola Zlatkov, Si Lhyam Myint, Karina Persson, Gerhard Grobner, Anders Sjostedt, Marta Bally, Jonas Barandun, Bernt Eric Uhlin, Sun Nyunt Wai
Summary: This study reveals a novel tubulation mechanism of an alpha-pore-forming toxin protein and a new mode of action by a secreted bacterial toxin. This protein is able to disrupt host cell membranes by forming tube-like structures under acidic conditions.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Rundong Shu, Chaoqun Yuan, Bojun Liu, Yang Song, Leqi Hou, Panpan Ren, Hui Wang, Chunhong Cui
Summary: In bacteria, the Aer receptors and MCPs play different roles in bacterial chemotaxis and physiological processes, including aerotaxis, chemotaxis, biofilm formation, and intestinal colonization.
Article
Microbiology
Mei Zou, Kaiying Wang, Jiajun Zhao, Huifang Lu, Hui Yang, Meirong Huang, Lu Wang, Guangli Wang, Jian Huang, Xun Min
Summary: The DegS protease in bacteria activates the sigma(E) envelope stress response system, leading to the transcription of stress response genes. It is found to be involved in regulating the motility of V. cholerae. DegS regulates V. cholerae motility and chemotaxis via the cAMP-CRP-RpoS-FlhF pathway and influences the colonization of mouse intestines.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandra Gatsios, Chung Sub Kim, Jason M. Crawford
Summary: Escherichia coli are common in the human microbiota and play important roles in regulating interactions with other microorganisms and the host. They exhibit probiotic, commensal, and pathogenic functions, often using diverse small molecules to regulate these interactions. The chemical signaling systems in E. coli are still being explored in the context of metabolism at the host-bacteria interface and their role in disease modulation.
NATURE CHEMICAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Papiya Saha, Anirban Banerjee, Goutam Banerjee, Prasanta K. Bag
Summary: This study evaluated the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of Typhonium trilobatum leaves extract against multi-drug resistant Vibrio cholerae. It demonstrated potential for the treatment of cholera and diarrheal patients, as it inhibited the toxin production and gene expression of the bacteria.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jialin Wu, Yutao Liu, Wendi Li, Fan Li, Ruiying Liu, Hao Sun, Jingliang Qin, Xiaohui Feng, Di Huang, Bin Liu
Summary: This study systematically investigates the influence of MerR family regulators on intestinal colonization of V. cholerae. The researchers found that MlrA significantly promotes the colonization capacity of V. cholerae in the host intestine by directly enhancing the expression of the important virulence factor tcpA. Furthermore, they revealed that mlrA is activated by anaerobic signals in the small intestine of the host through Fnr during infection. These findings provide insights into a MlrA-mediated virulence regulation pathway in V. cholerae, allowing it to sense environmental signals and activate virulence gene expression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John C. Macbeth, Rui Liu, Salma Alavi, Ansel Hsiao
Summary: The composition of the gut microbiome at the time of infection or vaccination appears to be crucial for providing robust mucosal immunity against Vibrio cholerae. In cholera-endemic areas, dysbiotic human gut microbiomes may suppress the immune response against V. cholerae via CD4+ lymphocytes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benjamin X. Wang, Julie Takagi, Abigail McShane, Jin Hwan Park, Kazuhiro Aoki, Catherine Griffin, Jennifer Teschler, Giordan Kitts, Giulietta Minzer, Michael Tiemeyer, Rachel Hevey, Fitnat Yildiz, Katharina Ribbeck
Summary: We found that mucin polymers are potent regulators that block toxigenic conversion and suppress the expression of virulence factors in V. cholerae, mediated by CTX phi. This discovery highlights the novel role of mucins and their associated O-glycan structures in modulating the evolution and pathogenicity of V. cholerae through interfering with the TcpP/ToxR/ToxT virulence pathway.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mengting Shi, Feifei Zhao, Na Li, Zhengjia Wang, Menghua Yang
Summary: This study reveals that modulating the activity of the ToxT regulon is critical for Vibrio cholerae to enhance its colonization in the intestine of adult mice. Constitutively active ToxT regulon causes growth retardation and colonization defect in adult mice.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)