Editorial Material
Microbiology
Daniel Falush
Summary: The genome of Helicobacter pylori undergoes extensive mixing through homologous recombination, resulting in significant free recombination within populations. A recent study reveals that the UvrC gene in H. pylori has evolved an additional function, allowing very short DNA tracts to be imported into the genome during natural transformation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yoshiaki Usui, Yukari Taniyama, Mikiko Endo, Yuriko N. Koyanagi, Yumiko Kasugai, Isao Oze, Hidemi Ito, Issei Imoto, Tsutomu Tanaka, Masahiro Tajika, Yasumasa Niwa, Yusuke Iwasaki, Tomomi Aoi, Nozomi Hakozaki, Sadaaki Takata, Kunihiko Suzuki, Chikashi Terao, Masanori Hatakeyama, Makoto Hirata, Kokichi Sugano, Teruhiko Yoshida, Yoichiro Kamatani, Hidewaki Nakagawa, Koichi Matsuda, Yoshinori Murakami, Amanda B. Spurdle, Keitaro Matsuo, Yukihide Momozawa
Summary: This study reveals that certain genetic variants associated with Helicobacter pylori infection can increase the risk of gastric cancer. Individuals carrying these genetic variants and infected with H. pylori have an even higher risk of developing gastric cancer.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rosanna Capparelli, Domenico Iannelli
Summary: Genetic diversity plays a significant role in protection against Helicobacter pylori infection, and different Hp strains require different research approaches. Selecting genes from the same family and extending the analysis to metabolism enhance the reliability and effectiveness of the study. MyD88, TIRAP, and IL1RL1 have been shown to play a protective role against Hp infection in this combined approach.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Harry A. Thorpe, Elise Tourrette, Koji Yahara, Filipa F. Vale, Siqi Liu, Monica Oleastro, Teresa Alarcon, Tsachi-Tsadok Perets, Saeid Latifi-Navid, Yoshio Yamaoka, Beatriz Martinez-Gonzalez, Ioannis Karayiannis, Timokratis Karamitros, Dionyssios N. Sgouras, Wael Elamin, Ben Pascoe, Samuel K. Sheppard, Jukka Ronkainen, Pertti Aro, Lars Engstrand, Lars Agreus, Sebastian Suerbaum, Kaisa Thorell, Daniel Falush
Summary: Helicobacter pylori has recently spread out of Africa, replacing deleterious variants that accumulated during the original out of Africa migrations more than 50,000 years ago.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaohan Tong, Boqing Li, Jing Li, Lan Li, Ruiqing Zhang, Yunqiu Du, Ying Zhang
Summary: This study found that the interaction between polyethylene microplastics (PE MPs) and Helicobacter pylori exacerbated bacterial colonization on gastric mucosal epithelial cells, increased the efficiency of microplastic entry into tissues, and resulted in gastric damage and inflammation in mice. The results suggest that microplastics may provide a stable habitat for H. pylori and act synergistically with them to pose a potential threat to human health.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zhi-hao Yu, Mei Cao, Yuan-xiao Wang, Shi-ying Yan, Li-ting Qing, Cheng-meng Wu, Shu Li, Tian-yi Li, Qian Chen, Jian Zhao
Summary: The study found that Urolithin A (UA) effectively attenuates the inflammation caused by Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) and reduces tissue damage in mice. In addition, UA decreases the relative abundance of Helicobacteraceae in the feces of H. pylori-infected mice.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Qin Tang, Zhengcai Ma, Xiang Tang, Yan Liu, Huimin Wu, Yu Peng, Baihua Jiao, Rui Wang, Xiaoli Ye, Hang Ma, Xuegang Li
Summary: The study aimed to find the most effective alkaloid against Helicobacter pylori in Rhizoma Coptidis and illustrate the probable mechanisms. The results showed that coptisine was the most effective alkaloid against H. pylori and could eradicate the bacteria through multiple mechanisms while reducing inflammation.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Sebastian Suerbaum, Florent Ailloud
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is a highly prevalent bacterial infection that can lead to chronic active gastritis and various clinical sequelae, such as peptic ulcers and gastric adenocarcinoma. The extensive inter-strain diversity of H. pylori, caused by high mutation rate, recombination, and restriction-modification systems, contributes to its persistence and ability to adapt to the gastric environment and evade the immune system. This review summarizes the recent efforts to characterize and understand H. pylori's diversity in different biological contexts.
CURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sandy R. Pernitzsch, Mona Alzheimer, Belinda U. Bremer, Marie Robbe-Saule, Hilde De Reuse, Cynthia M. Sharma
Summary: RepG modulates the expression of TlpB chemotaxis receptor in Helicobacter pylori while also controlling lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, antibiotic susceptibility, and in-vivo stomach colonization by regulating a gene co-transcribed with TlpB.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Florent Ailloud, Iratxe Estibariz, Gudrun Pfaffinger, Sebastian Suerbaum
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is a common and genetically diverse human bacterial pathogen responsible for chronic gastritis and gastric cancer. The integration of short DNA fragments in H. pylori during natural transformation is determined by the UvrC endonuclease, suggesting distinct pathways for importing short and long fragments.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dita Gudra, Ivars Silamikelis, Janis Pjalkovskis, Ilva Danenberga, Darta Pupola, Girts Skenders, Maija Ustinova, Kaspars Megnis, Marcis Leja, Reinis Vangravs, Davids Fridmanis
Summary: The spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in nosocomial and community-acquired enterobacteria is a challenge for clinicians. This study developed an ESBL panel to assess the abundance and prevalence of ESBL encoding genes and the effects of eradication therapy on the gut microbiome.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryo Kinoshita-Daitoku, Kotaro Kiga, Masatoshi Miyakoshi, Ryota Otsubo, Yoshitoshi Ogura, Takahito Sanada, Zhu Bo, Tuan Vo Phuoc, Tokuju Okano, Tamako Iida, Rui Yokomori, Eisuke Kuroda, Sayaka Hirukawa, Mototsugu Tanaka, Arpana Sood, Phawinee Subsomwong, Hiroshi Ashida, Tran Thanh Binh, Lam Tung Nguyen, Khien Vu Van, Dang Quy Dung Ho, Kenta Nakai, Toshihiko Suzuki, Yoshio Yamaoka, Tetsuya Hayashi, Hitomi Mimuro
Summary: This study reveals that a small non-coding RNA of H. pylori plays a crucial role in regulating bacterial adaptation to the host environment and production of an oncoprotein, highlighting its potential role in gastric carcinogenesis.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Jyot D. Antani, Anita X. Sumali, Tanmay P. Lele, Pushkar P. Lele
Summary: The chemotaxis network in Helicobacter pylori regulates the direction of rotation in the bacterial flagellar motor to facilitate cell migration towards favorable chemical environments. This modulation results in cells swimming faster or slower depending on the direction of flagellar rotation. Exposure to a chemo-attractant decreases the rotational bias, leading to cells swimming exclusively in the faster mode, while the absence of the chemotaxis protein CheY results in a zero bias. The relationship between reversal frequency and rotational bias is unimodal in this species.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carmen Aguilar, Mindaugas Pauzuolis, Malvika Pompaiah, Ehsan Vafadarnejad, Panagiota Arampatzi, Mara Fischer, Dominik Narres, Mastura Neyazi, Ozge Kayisoglu, Thomas Sell, Nils Bluethgen, Markus Morkel, Armin Wiegering, Christoph-Thomas Germer, Stefan Kircher, Andreas Rosenwald, Antoine-Emmanuel Saliba, Sina Bartfeld
Summary: In this study, it was found that Helicobacter pylori prefers to attach to differentiated cells in the pit region of gastric units. Organoid models were used to validate this phenomenon, and it was discovered that differentiated pit cells with high levels of GKN1, GKN2 and PSCA were more susceptible to H. pylori attachment and CagA translocation. It was also found that attachment was unrelated to the expression of MUC5AC or PSCA, but relied on bacterial chemotaxis towards host cell-released urea, which was proportional to the size of the host cell.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Oana Sasaran, Lorena Elena Melit, Ecaterina Daniela Dobru
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is the most researched etiological factor for gastric inflammation and malignancies, with Toll-like receptors playing a key role in recognizing the bacterium. MicroRNAs modulate TLR signaling and are regulated by NF-κB-dependent pathways. Certain MiRNAs can potentially serve as non-invasive biomarkers for discriminating H. pylori infection and associated complications, connecting gastric inflammation to pre-neoplastic and malignant lesions. Further research is needed to clarify the exact involvement of these entities in the progression of H. pylori-associated gastric conditions, especially in children.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Kieran D. Collins, Shuai Hu, Helmut Grasberger, John Y. Kao, Karen M. Ottemann
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2018)
Article
Immunology
Isabelle C. Arnold, Mariela Artola-Boran, Paulino Tallon de Lara, Andreas Kyburz, Christian Taube, Karen Ottemann, Maries van den Broek, Shida Yousefi, Hans-Uwe Simon, Anne Mueller
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2018)
Review
Microbiology
Christina Yang, Karen M. Ottemann
CURRENT OPINION IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Immunology
Hikaru Hanyu, Kristen A. Engevik, Andrea L. Matthis, Karen M. Ottemann, Marshall H. Montrose, Eitaro Aihara
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2019)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Andreas J. Baumler, Anthony R. Richardson, Karen M. Ottemann
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2020)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Skander Hathroubi, Julia Zerebinski, Aaron Clarke, Karen M. Ottemann
Editorial Material
Immunology
Andreas J. Baumler, Karen M. Ottemann, Anthony R. Richardson
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Kevin S. Johnson, Bassam A. Elgamoudi, Freda E-C Jen, Christopher J. Day, Emily Goers Sweeney, Megan L. Pryce, Karen Guillemin, Thomas Haselhorst, Victoria Korolik, Karen M. Ottemann
Summary: The Helicobacter pylori chemoreceptor TIpA plays a role in dampening host inflammation during chronic stomach colonization by sensing multiple attractant ligands as well as antagonist ones. This ability to regulate chemotactic responses by antagonistic chemoreceptor ligands is an emerging theme in chemotaxis systems.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shoichi Tachiyama, Kar L. Chan, Xiaolin Liu, Skander Hathroubi, Briana Peterson, Mohammad F. Khan, Karen M. Ottemann, Jun Liu, Anna Roujeinikova
Summary: The conserved protein FliL is an assembly factor of the Helicobacter pylori flagellar motor and colocalizes with the stator. Cryogenic electron tomography reconstructions reveal that FliL forms rings integrated with the MotAB units, and FliL-C shows structural similarities to scaffolding proteins. The findings provide insights into the assembly mechanism of the FliL rings and its potential role as a scaffold.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Xiaolin Liu, Karen M. Ottemann
Summary: This study shows that the presence or absence of CheR and CheB is strongly associated with the niche of Helicobacter species, with gastric species lacking these proteins and enterohepatic species retaining them. The study also suggests that CheR and CheB can serve as markers to distinguish between gastric and enterohepatic Helicobacter species.
JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Kevin S. Johnson, Christina Yang, J. Elliot Carter, Atesh K. Worthington, Elektra K. Robinson, Raymond Lopez-Magana, Frida Salgado, Isabelle Arnold, Karen M. Ottemann
Summary: Helicobacter pylori is a common bacterium that causes gastritis, ulcers, and gastric cancer. This study found that the chronic inflammation caused by H. pylori exhibits fluctuations, and a mutant strain showed different inflammation characteristics compared to the wild type.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Xiaolin Liu, Anna Roujeinikova, Karen M. Ottemann
Summary: FliL is a protein found in the flagellar motor of bacteria. It was previously unclear what role it plays. However, through reanalyzing studies on FliL, scientists discovered that the presence or absence of different regions of the protein affects motility. The N-terminal region is found to have a negative effect on motor function, and its removal allows normal motility.
Article
Microbiology
Shuai Hu, Stefani Giacopazzi, Ryan Modlin, Kevin Karplus, David L. Bernick, Karen M. Ottemann
Summary: This paper reports an approach to improve bacterial transformation efficiency by reducing and avoiding the effects of restriction-modification (R-M) systems. Significantly higher transformation efficiency can be achieved by modifying under-represented DNA sequences in antibiotic resistance cassettes. This method is likely to be applicable to other microorganisms with sequenced genomes.
Correction
Microbiology
Xiaolin Liu, Anna Roujeinikova, Karen M. Ottemann
Article
Immunology
Daniela Keilberg, Nina Steele, Sili Fan, Christina Yang, Yana Zavros, Karen M. Ottemann, Victor J. Torres
Summary: The study revealed that the metabolomes of the corpus and antrum differ, with various secreted chemicals being depleted upon H. pylori infection, and different regions showing distinct metabolites. The corpus and antrum maintained unique metabolomic profiles over an 8-month infection period.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2021)