Journal
INDIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
Volume 46, Issue 2, Pages 176-180Publisher
WOLTERS KLUWER MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS
DOI: 10.4103/0253-7613.129312
Keywords
Complex I activity; dopamine; iron asymmetry; levodopa; neurodegeneration
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Funding
- Indian Council for Technical Education (New Delhi, India) [8023/BOR/RIP/RPS-198/2008-09]
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Objective: The present study investigates the neuroprotective activity of ethanol extract of Tinospora cordifolia aerial parts against 6-hydroxy dopamine (6-OHDA) lesion rat model of Parkinson's disease (PD). Materials and Methods: T. cordifolia ethanol extract (TCEE) was standardized with high performance thin layer chromatography using berberine. Experimental PD was induced by intracerebral injection of 6-OHDA (8 mu g). Animals were divided into five groups: sham operated, negative control, positive control (levodopa 6 mg/kg) and two experimental groups (n = 6/group). Experimental groups received 200 and 400 mg/kg of TCEE once daily for 30 days by oral gavage. Biochemical parameters including dopamine level, oxidative stress, complex I activity and brain iron asymmetry ratio and locomotor activity including skeletal muscle co-ordination and degree of catatonia were assessed. Results: TCEE exhibited significant neuroprotection by increasing the dopamine levels (1.96 +/- 0.20 and 2.45 +/- 0.40 ng/mg of protein) and complex I activity (77.14 +/- 0.89 and 78.50 +/- 0.96 nmol/min/mg of protein) at 200 and 400 mg/kg respectively when compared with negative control group. Iron asymmetry ratio was also significantly attenuated by TCEE at 200 (1.57 +/- 0.18) and 400 mg/kg (1.11 +/- 0.15) when compared with negative control group. Neuroprotection by TCEE was further supported by reduced oxidative stress and restored locomotor activity in treatment groups. Conclusion: Results show that TCEE possess significant neuroprotection in 6-OHDA induced PD by protecting dopaminergic neurons and reducing the iron accumulation.
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