Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paul S. Thornton, Diva D. De Leon, Susann Empting, David Zangen, David M. Kendall, Sune Birch, Eva Boge, Jelena Ivkovic, Indraneel Banerjee
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy and safety of continuous subcutaneous infusion of dasiglucagon as an add-on treatment for children with CHI and persistent hypoglycemia. Dasiglucagon was found to significantly reduce the frequency and severity of hypoglycemic episodes, and was well tolerated.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chisa Inoue, Kota Nishihama, Aoi Hayasaki, Yuko Okano, Akinobu Hayashi, Kazuhito Eguchi, Mei Uemura, Toshinari Suzuki, Taro Yasuma, Takeshi Inoue, Tohru Yorifuji, Shugo Mizuno, Esteban C. Gabazza, Yutaka Yano
Summary: The patient is a 28-year-old Japanese man diagnosed with severe congenital hyperinsulinemic-hypoglycemia. He developed necrotizing acute pancreatitis at 28 years of age, which was thought to be caused by diazoxide. After surgery, his hypoglycemia improved.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Philipp Dieterle, Ayman Husari, Sophie Nicole Prozmann, Hendrik Wiethoff, Albrecht Stenzinger, Manuel Roehrich, Uwe Pfeiffer, Wolfgang Ruediger Kiessling, Helena Engel, Harald Sourij, Thorsten Steinberg, Pascal Tomakidi, Stefan Kopf, Julia Szendroedi
Summary: Differential diagnosis of hypoglycemia in non-diabetic adults is complex and includes endogenous hyperinsulinism. This rare disease, also known as nesidioblastosis or non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NIPHS), presents with unspecific symptoms and is often overlooked. Diagnosis involves clinical assessment, glucose tolerance testing, fasting, imaging, and insulin measurements. Current treatment options are limited, leading to surgical resection of the pancreas. More advanced and less invasive treatments are needed.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Martin Philipp Dieterle, Ayman Husari, Sophie Nicole Prozmann, Hendrik Wiethoff, Albrecht Stenzinger, Manuel Roehrich, Uwe Pfeiffer, Wolfgang Ruediger Kiessling, Helena Engel, Harald Sourij, Thorsten Steinberg, Pascal Tomakidi, Stefan Kopf, Julia Szendroedi
Summary: Neurovegetative and autonomic symptoms can be caused by various diseases, including insulin-related disorders. This case study describes a young man who experienced recurrent presyncope, dizziness, and tachycardia for many years before being diagnosed with diffuse, adult-onset nesidioblastosis. Despite multiple diagnostic tests, the underlying cause remained unidentified until postprandial and exercise-induced hypoglycemia was detected. Surgery was eventually required due to symptom recurrence.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julie Siersbaek, Annette Ronholt Larsen, Mads Nybo, Henrik Thybo Christesen
Summary: The sensitive insulin assay showed excellent performance in diagnosing CHI, with optimal p-insulin cut-offs at 12.3 pmol/L (2.0 mU/L) and 10.6 pmol/L (1.8 mU/L) at p-glucose <3.2 mmol/L and <3.0 mmol/L, respectively. This sensitive insulin assay may help simplify the diagnosis of CHI.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anojian Koneshamoorthy, Dilan Seniveratne-Epa, Genevieve Calder, Matthew Sawyer, Thomas W. H. Kay, Stephen Farrell, Thomas Loudovaris, Lina Mariana, Davis McCarthy, Ruqian Lyu, Xin Liu, Peter Thorn, Jason Tong, Lit Kim Chin, Margaret Zacharin, Alison Trainer, Shelby Taylor, Richard J. MacIsaac, Nirupa Sachithanandan, Helen E. Thomas, Balasubramanian Krishnamurthy
Summary: We present a case of an obese 22-year-old man with activating GCK variant who had neonatal hypoglycemia, re-emerging with hypoglycemia later in life. Genetic testing yielded a novel GCK missense class 3 variant that was subsequently found in his mother, sister and nephew and reclassified as a class 4 likely pathogenic variant. This case highlights the variable phenotype of GCK mutations.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chris Worth, Yesica Tropeano, Pon Ramya Gokul, Karen E. Cosgrove, Maria Salomon-Estebanez, Senthil Senniappan, Antonia Dastamani, Indraneel Banerjee
Summary: We used a large dataset to describe the frequency and patterns of hypoglycemia in patients with congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) in the UK. These findings provide insights for clinical management and trial design.
BMJ OPEN DIABETES RESEARCH & CARE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Congli Chen, Yanmei Sang
Summary: Congenital hyperinsulinemia (CHI) is a clinically diverse disorder that causes persistent and recurrent hypoglycemia in infancy and childhood. There are 16 subtypes of CHI-related genes, with phosphomannomutase 2 hyperinsulinemia (PMM2-HI) being an extremely rare subtype. This review highlights the genetic pathogenesis, and current diagnostic and therapeutic advances of PMM2-HI to raise awareness among clinicians.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Swathi Sethuram, Mark A. Sperling, Jasmine Gujral, Christopher J. Romero
Summary: Over the past 20 years, there has been a significant increase in the range of disorders associated with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (HHI), with identification of molecular, metabolic, and cellular pathways in insulin regulation. This study discusses two rare cases of HHI, one in a patient with HT1 and the first reported case in a patient with TTN, both presenting with persistent hypoglycemia in the neonatal period. Despite previous studies on HHI in HT1, no specific mechanism has been delineated, and further research is needed to understand the mechanism of HHI in these infants.
ORPHANET JOURNAL OF RARE DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Meng-Tong Liu, Hui-Xia Yang
Summary: In this case, neonatal hyperinsulinism was caused by poor glycemic control in the mother with pregestational diabetes mellitus. Whole-exome sequencing identified a new mutation in the ABCC8 gene, highlighting the importance of genetic disorders and long-term prognosis in hypoglycemic children.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2023)
Review
Pediatrics
Shoshana Newman-Lindsay, Satyan Lakshminrusimha, Deepika Sankaran
Summary: Hypoglycemia in neonates is often caused by hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, and diazoxide is the recommended medication for treatment. However, the use of diazoxide in neonates can lead to adverse effects such as pulmonary hypertension, especially in preterm infants with pre-existing risk factors. This article reviews the mechanism of action and adverse effects of diazoxide and presents a case series of neonates treated with diazoxide, highlighting the importance of thoughtful management in preterm neonates with risk factors for pulmonary hypertension.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alberto Casertano, Alessandro Rossi, Simona Fecarotta, Francesco Maria Rosanio, Cristina Moracas, Francesca Di Candia, Giancarlo Parenti, Adriana Franzese, Enza Mozzillo
Summary: Hypoglycemia is a common emergency in neonates and children, caused by defects in glucose homeostasis. This review aims to provide current definitions, causes, management, and diagnostic-therapeutic approaches for hypoglycemia in pediatric patients, emphasizing the importance of prompt diagnosis and treatment to prevent brain injury and neurological complications.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jian Zhao, Shimiao Wang, Sun Hee Kim, Sangdon Han, Elizabeth Rico-Bautista, Emmanuel Sturchler, Julie Nguyen, Hannah Tan, Christine Staley, Ana Karin Kusnetzow, Stephen F. Betz, Michael Johns, Lance Goulet, Rosa Luo, Melissa Fowler, Jon Athanacio, Stacy Markison, R. Scott Struthers, Yunfei Zhu
Summary: The activation of SST5 receptors strongly inhibits insulin secretion, and a newly discovered nonpeptide selective SST5 agonist shows potential for managing blood glucose levels in congenital HI patients. The agonist exhibits excellent potency and selectivity against other receptors and has promising pharmacokinetic profiles in animal models.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tai L. S. Pasquini, Mahlet Mesfin, Jennifer Schmitt, Julie Raskin
Summary: Congenital hyperinsulinism is the most frequent cause of severe, persistent hypoglycemia in newborn babies and children. Research priorities include understanding the natural history of the disease, developing new treatments, and managing hypoglycemia to prevent brain damage or death.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yazeid Alhaidan, Henrik Thybo Christesen, Elena Lundberg, Mohammed A. Al Balwi, Klaus Brusgaard
Summary: This study identified a novel candidate gene, ADCY7, to cause CHI via activation of the GSIS pathway.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Irfan, Xianhua Liu, Khalid Hussain, Suraya Mushtaq, Jonnathan Cabrera, Pingping Zhang
Summary: This study conducted a quantitative and qualitative bibliometric analysis on cadmium pollution research, highlighting the contributions of China, the USA, and India. The main sources of cadmium are mining, industry, wastewater, sedimentation, and agricultural activities. In developing countries, people are mainly exposed to cadmium through air, freshwater, and food.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Goran Petrovski, Judith Campbell, Maheen Pasha, Emma Day, Khalid Hussain, Amel Khalifa, Tim van den Heuvel
Summary: This study aimed to compare glucose control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using the MiniMed 780G system who used simplified meal announcement with those who used precise carbohydrate counting. The results showed no significant advantage in blood glucose control for the fixed group using precise carbohydrate counting compared to the flex group. Therefore, simplified meal announcement using the MiniMed 780G system may be a valuable alternative for users who are challenged by precise carbohydrate counting.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Khalid Hussain, Tasadoq Hussain Jaweed, Avinash C. Kamble
Summary: This study elucidates the role of the phenylpropanoid pathway in resistance expression during compatible and incompatible interactions in pigeon pea. The results show that the increased activity of phenylpropanoid pathway-associated defense enzymes and higher levels of phenolics and lignin are associated with resistance. Additionally, differential expression of lignin biosynthesis genes is important in resistance against wilt.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Amira Kohil, Atiyeh M. Abdallah, Khalid Hussain, Mashael Al-Shafai
Summary: This study reviewed the genetic basis of Woodhouse-Sakati syndrome (WSS) and reported the genetic variants and clinical phenotypes associated with the disease. A total of 25 studies with 185 patients from 97 families in 12 different countries were included. Consanguineous marriages were common in the Greater Middle East region. Thirteen different DCAF17 variants were associated with WSS development, with the most frequent variant being a frameshift deletion variant unique to Arabs.
ORPHANET JOURNAL OF RARE DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Amna Shahzadi, Khalid Hussain, Khalid Nawaz, Zainab Abdul Rouf, Mehreen Javeria, Iqra Iqbal, Noshia Arshad, Huma Riaz, Rida Akram, Rida Zainab, Durre Nayab
Summary: Experiments were conducted to alleviate the negative effects of drought on two tomato varieties, Rio Grande and Yaqui, using plant growth regulators IAA and NAA. Drought stress significantly reduced growth, physiological attributes, and yield. Yaqui variety exhibited more severe effects from drought compared to Rio Grande. Antioxidant enzyme activities were increased under drought stress. Higher levels of drought stress (50%) had more adverse effects than lower levels (25%). Foliar applications of NAA and IAA effectively mitigated the negative effects of drought, with NAA being more effective. Overall, drought stress markedly decreased growth parameters, biochemical, physiological, and yield attributes in both tomato varieties, but foliar applications of NAA and IAA improved growth and yield under drought stress.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Maida Khaliq, Khalid Nawaz, Khalid Hussain, Mehreen Javeria, Iqra Iqbal, Noshia Arshad, Ayesha Attique, Rida Zainab, M. O. H. A. M. M. A. D. Qurban
Summary: This experiment aimed to alleviate the detrimental effects of salt stress on two wheat varieties. The results showed that foliar application of sorbitol helped to ameliorate the negative impacts of salt stress on plants, and it also had beneficial effects under normal conditions.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fazila Younas, Irshad Bibi, Muhammad Afzal, Fahad Al-Misned, Nabeel Khan Niazi, Khalid Hussain, Muhammad Shahid, Qamar Shakil, Fawad Ali, Hailong Wang
Summary: This study investigated the distribution, speciation, hydrogeochemical behavior and environmental risks of chromium in tannery wastewater in Kasur district, Punjab, Pakistan. The concentration of chromium was higher in winter compared to summer, and exceeded the national environmental quality standard. The presence of chromium was mainly in the form of hexavalent and trivalent chromium, controlled by iron and magnesium minerals. Environmental risk assessment categorized the tannery wastewater as 'worst quality' and unsuitable for crop irrigation without treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Surbhi Goyal, Payal Rani, Monika Chahar, Khalid Hussain, Parvin Kumar, Jayant Sindhu
Summary: Endocrine disrupter chemicals (EDCs) are substances that mimic, block or interfere with human hormones. This study used QSAR modeling to predict the effects of androgen disruptors on the male reproductive system. A set of 96 EDCs were analyzed using hybrid descriptors and validation parameters to assess predictability. The results showed that the developed model could accurately predict the characteristics of designed compounds.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Muhammad Khalid Hussain, N. R. Khalid, M. B. Tahir, Muhammad Tanveer, Tahir Iqbal, Maira Liaqat
Summary: A novel ternary ZnO/CuO/MoO3 (ZnO/CuO/M) heterojunction photocatalyst with nanorods morphology was synthesized by hydrothermal treatment. The photocatalytic activity of the ZnO/CuO/M nanorods was significantly improved compared to pristine ZnO, CuO, MoO3, and the binary CuO/M composite. The improved performance can be attributed to the efficient transfer and separation of photoexcited charge carriers in the ZnO/CuO/M heterojunction.
MATERIALS SCIENCE IN SEMICONDUCTOR PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Muhammad Mahroz Hussain, Nabeel Khan Niazi, Irshad Bibi, Fawad Ali, Fahad Al-Misned, Khalid Hussain, Muhammad Shahid, Abdul Rehman, Hailong Wang
Summary: This study provides new insights into the significance of foliar-applied phosphorus, silicon, and selenium for managing and remediating arsenic in rice genotypes. Results showed that foliar-applied silicon was the most effective strategy in reducing arsenic uptake and health risks in rice grain, while phosphorus was only effective for one genotype. Surprisingly, selenium had no significant effect on arsenic accumulation in both genotypes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Muhammad Khalid Hussain, N. R. Khalid, Muhammad Tanveer, T. Iqbal, Maira Liaqat, Sultana Rahman, M. Rafique, Muhammad Imran, Mohammad A. Assiri
Summary: In recent years, semiconductor photocatalysts have been widely used to eliminate emerging wastewater contaminants under visible light. However, the large bandgap energy and fast charge recombination pose challenges in practical applications. This study explores the excellent photocatalytic activity of Co3O4/MoO3 nanocomposites in degrading rhodamine B and alizarin yellow dyes. The p-n heterojunctions formed between p-Co3O4 and n-MoO3 significantly enhance the visible light photocatalytic performance, with 91% RhB removal and 67% AY removal after 120 minutes of visible light exposure.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Basheer Riskhan, Halawati Abd Jalil Safuan, Khalid Hussain, Asma Abbas Hassan Elnour, Abdelzahir Abdelmaboud, Fazlullah Khan, Mahwish Kundi
Summary: Cyberattacks in the modern world are becoming increasingly sophisticated, with DDoS attacks being the most common. Effective approaches, such as traffic shaping and pushback, have been proposed in the distributed setting to mitigate such attacks. This study introduces a heuristic-based technique called SYN Flood Attack Detection and Mitigation Technique (SFaDMT), which demonstrates improved detection of SYN attacks.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sultana Rahman, Abdul Haleem, Muhammad Siddiq, Muhammad Khalid Hussain, Samina Qamar, Safia Hameed, Muhammad Waris
Summary: The financial progress of a country depends heavily on the energy sector, which is crucial for the growth and development of various industries. The use of renewable resources is essential to overcome the energy crisis and reduce the negative impact of hydrocarbon fuels on the environment. This review focuses on the dyes used in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) and discusses the progress in both inorganic and natural dyes.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Muhammad Salman Rasool, Muhammad Akbar Hassan, Kauser Siddiqui, Faisal Mazhar, Akhtar Hussain Shar, Khalid Hussain Rind, Nadir Ali Rind, Fasih Uddin Ansari, Shahana Urooj Kazmi
Summary: Plasmid borne antibiotics resistance is a global threat in healthcare facilities. It can be stably inherited and horizontally transmitted among bacteria. Eliminating such resistance plasmids is crucial for controlling the spread of antibiotics resistance.
PAKISTAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
U. A. Khan, R. Qadri, M. T. Akram, M. A. Khan, N. Nisar, M. Azam, M. M. Khan, K. Hussain
Summary: This study investigates the physical and biochemical attributes of eight jujube genotypes at different ripening stages in the Cholistan desert of Pakistan. The results show significant variations in fruit traits and biochemical composition during the ripening stages, with the highest values observed at the fully ripe stage for most parameters. The genotypes Gola, Mehmood wali, and Dehli white performed well in the climatic conditions of Cholistan, while Dilbahar, Anokee, Karela, and Bahawalpur selection had high phenolic and flavonoid contents.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND PLANT SCIENCES-JAPS
(2023)
