Polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene of patients with atopic dermatitis-association with personality traits related to high level of anxiety

Context: The symptoms of atopic dermatitis (AD) are often aggravated by anxiety, and the serotonin transporter (5-HTT) has been shown to be of importance in this context. Three polymorphisms affecting transcription of this gene are known: a repetitive element, in the promoter region (5HTTLPR), a variable number tandem repeats (VNTR) within intron 2 referred to as STin2, and a single-nucleotide (A/G) polymorphism (SNP) located within the 5-HTTLPR. Objective: To examine for possible relationships between these polymorphisms and aggravation of AD by stress. Materials and methods: Thirty-three patients with a history of such aggravation, together with 33 age- and gendermatched healthy control subjects, were recruited. The Karolinska Scales of Personality questionnaire was employed to evaluate anxiety-related personality traits and genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples and analyzed using the polymerase chain reaction. Results: Although the prevalence of the short and long alleles of 5-HTTLPR did not differ between the patients and healthy controls, there was a tendency towards high prevalence of the short (10-copy) variant of STin2 among the patients. When the study population was further analysed by subdivision into subgroups all AD patients with high-anxiety traits carried the short variant of STin2. In the corresponding healthy control group, the prevalences of the 10- and 12-copy variants were 62% and 38%, respectively (P < 0.01). Conclusion: These findings indicate a possible association between the 10-copy variant of STin2 and aggravation of AD by anxiety.