Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY
Volume 60, Issue 1, Pages 98-103Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TVT.2010.2090370
Keywords
Battery aging; capacity fade; cycle lifetime; Lithium ion (Li-ion)
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Lithium ion (Li-ion) batteries exhibit high power and energy densities, as well as high-cycle-lifetime capabilities. Li-ion cells based on LiFePO(4) cathodes are promising alternatives to predominant metal oxide technologies, particularly for applications with high power and cycle lifetime requirements. This paper includes investigations on high-power LiFePO(4) cells' cycle lifetime. Therefore, 3000 full charge-discharge cycles are applied to the cells with high constant current rates. Through reference testing, increasing battery impedance and a fading capacity are identified as a consequence of battery aging. Capacity fade proceeds in a way that cells' open-circuit voltages (OCVs) change only in the range of high state-of-charge (SOC). A model-based method that can detect the decreasingly utilizable capacity is outlined. The proposed method considers the changing OCV characteristics and enables the determination of capacity loss without complete charge and discharge being necessary during battery operation. By the evaluation of capacity loss information, an accelerated battery aging or even possible battery damage caused by overcharge can be avoided during battery charging scenarios.
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