Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qindan Zhu, Joshua L. Laughner, Ronald C. Cohen
Summary: The hydroxyl radical (OH) is the most important oxidant on a global and local scale, controlling the removal rate of primary pollutants and triggering the production of ozone. The interannual trends of OH in North American cities show significant variation, with some cities experiencing an increase while others experience a decrease. The variation of OH is linked to the decline of NO2, emphasizing the importance of controlling NOx emissions in regulating ozone pollution in these cities.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Zhiguo Zhao, Dongping Liu, Yang Xia, Guofeng Li, Chunjie Niu, Zhihua Qi, Xi Wang, Zilu Zhao
Summary: This paper investigates the dynamic evolution of pulsed air discharge over a water droplet using a pin-to-plate reactor. The results from experiments and simulations provide insights into the propagation characteristics of the discharge and other related phenomena.
PHYSICS OF PLASMAS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shuai Zhang, Lijun Zong, Xin Zeng, Renwu Zhou, Yun Liu, Cheng Zhang, Jie Pan, Patrick J. Cullen, Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov, Tao Shao
Summary: A nanosecond pulsed spark discharge technique was developed for sustainable nitrogen fixation. Through experiments and modeling, it was found that chain reactions between O and N radicals and vibrationally excited N-2 and O-2 molecules are the key pathways for NOx formation. These findings provide new insights into sustainable and decentralized NOx production.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Maarja Kask, Marina Krichevskaya, Sergei Preis, Juri Bolobajev
Summary: The study explores the oxidation of aqueous toluene by gas-phase pulsed corona discharge (PCD) and subsequent photocatalytic treatment of exhaust air, showing high energy efficiency. The results have the potential application in closed-loop energy-saving ventilation systems.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gaetan Wattieaux, Valentin Ferrer, Jean-Philippe Sarrette, Nofel Merbahi, Olivier Eichwald
Summary: The spatial and temporal evolution of ozone density in a 1 cm electrode gap pulsed corona discharge at atmospheric pressure with no gas flow was studied. The results showed a quasi uniform density of ozone up to 10 cm from the electrode gap after only 30 s of ignition, indicating a wide distribution of ozone in the reactor cell predominantly due to turbulence induced by the ionic wind. The mapping of ozone density with respect to power measurement allowed for the estimation of ozone production yield in terms of mass per electrical energy.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
J. M. Jenkins, G. A. Olson, P. J. McFarland, D. O. Miller, W. H. Brune
Summary: Prodigious amounts of hydroxyl radical (OH) are generated on tree leaves through corona discharges in the laboratory and during thunderstorms. The production rates depend on electric field, leaf dryness, and the presence of liquid water. Corona-generated OH may have significant impacts on atmospheric oxidation and tree and forest ecology.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Naoki Numadate, Shota Saito, Yuki Nojima, Taka-aki Ishibashi, Shinichi Enami, Tetsuya Hama
Summary: Ultraviolet photolysis of fatty acid surfactants can generate hydroxyl radicals, but the dimerization structure of nonanoic acid's surface inhibits its photochemical reactivity.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Applied
Sanghoo Park, Jinwoo Kim, Hyungyu Lee, Duksun Han, Seungil Park, Seong Bong Kim, Wonho Choe
Summary: This study proposes a new method of nonheating ozone suppression in air discharges by controlling plasma chemical kinetics through adjusting the duration and frequency of high-voltage DC pulses. Experimental results show that ozone can be quenched faster in a plasma reactor operated at 21 degrees C, leading to an irreversible chemical mode transition from an O-3-rich environment to a NO-rich environment. Findings suggest a breakthrough in expanding the usage of air discharges and their application in various fields of interest.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Physics, Applied
Kai Wang, Huijun Tan, Yingying Lin, Wahyu Diono, Yaping Zhao, Motonobu Goto
Summary: In this study, atmospheric-pressure nanosecond impulse discharge is used to polymerize pyrrole and obtain a polypyrrole film above the pyrrole microemulsion surface. By controlling discharge times and gas feed time, the roughness and thickness of the polypyrrole film can be adjusted. Films with smoother and more complete surfaces exhibit better electrical conductivity.
PLASMA PROCESSES AND POLYMERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Priit Tikker, Dmitri Nikitin, Sergei Preis
Summary: The study investigated the degradation of bisphenol pollutants in water using gas-phase pulsed corona discharge (PCD) and found that PCD showed higher energy efficiency compared to other competing technologies. The main oxidation intermediates were generated through hydroxylation and cracking of benzene rings, leading to the formation of acetate, formate, and oxalate as end-products.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Erwan Morel, Yoann Rozier, Charles Ballages, Remy Bazinette, Thomas Forchard, Christophe Creusot, Alain Girodet, Tiberiu Minea
Summary: This study focuses on the improvement of conventional magnetron discharge technology by operating in high current density regimes to tailor coating properties. It is shown that for graphite targets, gas recycling is the dominant mechanism sustaining discharge, and various instabilities such as spokes are identified and discussed.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Jianan Wang, Marien Simeni Simeni, Mingzhe Rong, Peter J. Bruggeman
Summary: This paper investigates electrical discharges in bubbles in liquid water, focusing on the OH radical density measurements using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) and a 0-D kinetics model. The results show gas temperatures and OH radical densities consistent with thermally driven reactions in the plasma-filled vapor bubble.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Nijing Wang, Nora Zannoni, Lisa Ernle, Gabriel Beko, Pawel Wargocki, Mengze Li, Charles J. Weschler, Jonathan Williams
Summary: Humans are a significant source of VOCs in indoor environments, with direct anthropogenic emissions becoming increasingly important. This study quantified human emissions of OH reactivity and found no significant shortfall, but observed influences of ozone on breath and dermal emissions. Age groups showed differences in total OH reactivity with and without ozone exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yuankun Ye, Zikai Zhou, Sen Wang, Zhi Fang
Summary: In this study, the characteristics of pulsed gas-liquid discharge combining TiO2 or WO3 were investigated. The results show that the addition of photocatalysts significantly promotes the discharge, enriches the emission spectrum, but also leads to a more unstable discharge reaction.
PLASMA CHEMISTRY AND PLASMA PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
I. Schweigert, M. M. Hopkins, E. Barnat, M. Keidar
Summary: In this study, the breakdown development in pulsed discharge in helium is examined through experiments and simulations. It is found that the breakdown process is stochastic and exhibits different time delays. The experiments show that the breakdown delay time distribution can be controlled by changing the pulse discharge frequency. The simulations identify three stages in the breakdown process and investigate the effects of various factors on the breakdown development.
PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
