Journal
COMPANION DIAGNOSTICS: FROM BIOMARKER IDENTIFICATION TO MARKET ENTRY
Volume 1346, Issue -, Pages 45-56Publisher
BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL
DOI: 10.1111/nyas.12757
Keywords
monogenic diabetes; type 2 diabetes; pharmacogenetics; gene-environment interaction; pharmacogenomics
Funding
- NATIONAL HEART, LUNG, AND BLOOD INSTITUTE [R01HL104193] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL HUMAN GENOME RESEARCH INSTITUTE [U01HG007775] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF DIABETES AND DIGESTIVE AND KIDNEY DISEASES [P30DK072488, T32DK098107, R01DK072041] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER
- NHGRI NIH HHS [U01 HG007775] Funding Source: Medline
- NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL104193] Funding Source: Medline
- NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK72041, R01 DK072041, T32 DK098107, P30 DK072488] Funding Source: Medline
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Diabetes mellitus affects approximately 382 million individuals worldwide and is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Over 40 and nearly 80 genetic loci influencing susceptibility to type 1 and type 2 diabetes, respectively, have been identified. In addition, there is emerging evidence that some genetic variants help to predict response to treatment. Other variants confer apparent protection from diabetes or its complications and may lead to development of novel treatment approaches. Currently, there is clear clinical utility to genetic testing to find the at least 1% of diabetic individuals who have monogenic diabetes (e.g., maturity-onset diabetes of the young and KATP channel neonatal diabetes). Diagnosing many of these currently underdiagnosed types of diabetes enables personalized treatment, resulting in improved and less invasive glucose control, better prediction of prognosis, and enhanced familial risk assessment. Efforts to enhance the rate of detection, diagnosis, and personalized treatment of individuals with monogenic diabetes should set the stage for effective clinical translation of current genetic, pharmacogenetic, and pharmacogenomic research of more complex forms of diabetes.
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