Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jing Luo, Hong Ye, Lijuan Hao, Yixuan Sun, Ruohan Li, Yanxi Li, Zhu Yang
Summary: The study identified the presence of AR alternative splicing variants AR-SVs in PCOS patients' GCs, leading to reduced AR function. miRNA-183 and miRNA-124 were found to regulate the expression of SRSF2 and SRSF3, influencing AR function and androgen accumulation in the ovary.
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Roozbeh Heidarzadehpilehrood, Maryam Pirhoushiaran, Rasoul Abdollahzadeh, Malina Binti Osman, Maryam Sakinah, Norshariza Nordin, Habibah Abdul Hamid
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial condition that can cause infertility and metabolic abnormalities in women of childbearing age. Research suggests that polymorphisms in different ethnicities are associated with the risk of PCOS with infertility.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jun Zhang, Yanfei Deng, Jiaojiao Li, Yonghong Zi, Deshun Shi, Fenghua Lu
Summary: Buffalo theca cells play a crucial role in follicular development by synthesizing testosterone as a substrate for granulosa cells' aromatization to estrogen. Conditioned medium from theca cells improves estrogen synthesis-related gene expression and secretion levels in granulosa cells, ultimately enhancing steroidogenesis competence through increased responsiveness to FSH.
REPRODUCTION IN DOMESTIC ANIMALS
(2021)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Di Cheng, Biao Zheng, Ying Sheng, Zhaoming Zeng, Zhongcheng Mo
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and frequent disease among women in reproductive age, which leads to endocrine and metabolic disorder. Autophagy plays an important role in the pathogenesis of PCOS, and there are various mechanisms affecting autophagy and the occurrence of PCOS, providing a new direction in understanding PCOS. This review focuses on discussing the role of autophagy in different ovarian cells and its contribution to the progress of PCOS, aiming to provide research background and relevant suggestions for future studies in autophagy and shed light on the pathophysiology and treatment of PCOS.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Iman Dilower, Asef J. Niloy, Vishnu Kumar, Ayushi Kothari, Eun Bee Lee, M. A. Karim Rumi
Summary: The hedgehog (HH) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in development and reproductive functions, involving various molecules, receptors, and transcription factors. It has significant roles in the central nervous system, reproductive organs, and skeletal development, as well as essential physiological functions in adult testes and ovaries.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Asieh Mansour, Majid Samadi, Milad Sanginabadi, Hadis Gerami, Sara Karimi, Saeed Hosseini, Nooshin Shirzad, Azita Hekmatdoost, Armita Mahdavi-Gorabi, Mohammad Reza Mohajeri-Tehrani, Mostafa Qorbani
Summary: Resveratrol was found to improve menstrual function and reduce hair loss in women with PCOS, while showing no significant effects on androgens, insulin, and lipid levels.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sofia Persson, Kumari A. Ubhayasekera, Jonas Bergquist, Sahruh Turkmen, Inger Sundstroem Poromaa, Evangelia Elenis
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder among women, and hyperandrogenism can cause psychological morbidity and impaired quality of life. This study aimed to investigate whether hyperandrogenism persists into midlife and its impact on quality of life.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ewa Rudnicka, Michal Kunicki, Anna Calik-Ksepka, Katarzyna Suchta, Anna Duszewska, Katarzyna Smolarczyk, Roman Smolarczyk
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder among reproductive-aged women, characterized by chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and the presence of polycystic ovary in ultrasound examination. The role of Anti-Mullerian Hormone in PCOS still requires further investigation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yong Pu, Elvis Ticiani, Sarah Pearl, Denny Martin, Almudena Veiga-Lopez
Summary: This study found that TPT can affect intracellular cholesterol transport in ovarian theca cells, thereby interfering with steroidogenesis. It upregulates the expression of the cholesterol transporter protein ABCA1 through the RXR and LXR pathways, but does not significantly affect cholesterol synthesis or testosterone synthesis.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mengxue Zheng, Claus Yding Andersen, Frida Roikjer Rasmussen, Jesus Cadenas, Soren Tvorup Christensen, Linn Salto Mamsen
Summary: This study investigates the expression patterns of key enzymes involved in human ovarian steroidogenesis during follicle development. The results show that steroidogenesis-related enzymes have low expression levels during early follicle development, but HSD3B2 is upregulated in granulosa cells (GCs) as follicles progress to the antral/preovulatory stage. Immunohistochemistry analysis confirms the expression of HSD3B2 in GCs and its co-localization with CYP17A1 in a subset of theca cells (TCs) surrounding small antral follicles. Additionally, the expression of CYB5A is significantly upregulated during follicle transition from the antral stage to the pre-ovulatory stage, indicating an enhanced progesterone production. The increased expression of DHCR24, LDLR, and HMGCR suggests an increased substrate availability for ovarian steroidogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biophysics
Ben Yuan, Shuhong Luo, Liulian Feng, Junling Wang, Junbiao Mao, Bingbing Luo
Summary: This study found that Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) may be associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Resveratrol can attenuate inflammation and oxidative stress in granulosa cells of PCOS, and this effect may be related to the inhibition of TLR2 expression.
JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS AND BIOMEMBRANES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Miriam Rodriguez Esquivel, Emily Hayes, Oliwia Lakomy, Mariam Hassan, Marc Foretz, Carlos Stocco
Summary: Ovulation is a complex process that requires interaction between oocyte, granulosa cells, and theca cells. Theca cells are the source of ovarian androgens, which are important for female fertility. Abnormally high levels of androgens can reduce fertility. Understanding the mechanisms regulating androgen synthesis in theca cells is crucial for fertility research.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Salvatore Giovanni Vitale, Anna Maria Fulghesu, Mislav Mikus, Rafal Watrowski, Maurizio Nicola D'Alterio, Li-Te Lin, Mohsin Shah, Enrique Reyes-Munoz, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Stefano Angioni
Summary: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play crucial regulatory roles in tissue development, differentiation, and metabolic processes. In the context of PCOS, altered miRNA levels have been associated with hormonal changes, glucose and lipid metabolism, and fertility issues. This systematic review provides an overview of miRNA expression, hormonal changes, and metabolic correlations in PCOS, highlighting the potential of miRNAs as therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lalrawngbawli Annie, Guruswami Gurusubramanian, Vikas Kumar Roy
Summary: Polycystic ovary syndrome is a common reproductive disorder characterized by hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, cystic ovary and infertility in females. The inhibition of visfatin by FK866 in hyperandrogenised mice shows potential in ameliorating the pathogenesis of PCOS, suggesting a therapeutic role in PCOS management.
Article
Reproductive Biology
Jun Zhang, Xiaofen Yang, Mengjia Chen, Xi Yan, Lv Gao, Ye Xu, Jiaka Lu, Zhengda Li, Canqiang Lu, Yanfei Deng, Hui Li, Deshun Shi, Fenghua Lu
Summary: Hypoxia enhances the steroidogenic competence of buffalo theca cells (TCs) by activating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and promoting responsiveness to LH.