4.7 Article

Feasibility of Along-Track Displacement Measurement From Sentinel-1 Interferometric Wide-Swath Mode

Journal

Publisher

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2197861

Keywords

European Remote Sensing (ERS); interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR); multiple-aperture InSAR (MAI); Sentinel-1; synthetic aperture radar (SAR)

Funding

  1. U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program
  2. Space Core Technology Development Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea
  3. Ministry of Education, Science and Technology [2011-0020884]
  4. National Research Foundation of Korea [2011-0020884, 2012R1A1A2005801] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)

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The European Space Agency's Sentinel-1, a C-band imaging radar mission to be launched in mid-2013, will provide a continuity of radar data for monitoring the changing Earth. The azimuth resolution of Sentinel-1's background mode, interferometric wide-swath (IW) mode, is four times lower than that of European remote-sensing satellite (ERS) and Envisat systems. Therefore, the measurement accuracy of along-track displacement from Sentinel-1 IW images presumably will be significantly reduced. In this paper, we test the feasibility of along-track displacement measurement from Sentinel-1 IW mode. We simulate Sentinel-1 IW synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images from the ERS raw data that captured the coseismic deformation of the 1999 Hector Mine earthquake in California. Along-track displacement maps are generated using multiple-aperture interferometric SAR (MAI) and intensity tracking techniques, respectively, and are compared with GPS measurements. The root-mean-square (rms) error between the synthetic Sentinel-1 MAI and GPS measurements is about 9.6 cm, which corresponds to only 0.5% of the azimuth resolution. The rms error between the along-track displacements from synthetic Sentinel-1 offset tracking and GPS is about 27.5 cm, which is about 1.4% of the azimuth resolution. These results suggest that the MAI method will still be useful to measure along-track displacements from Sentinel-1 IW InSAR imagery and that it would be difficult to effectively measure the along-track displacements by the Sentinel-1 offset tracking method.

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