Journal
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
Volume 50, Issue 11, Pages 4252-4261Publisher
IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TGRS.2012.2194157
Keywords
Fully polarimetric SAR; ocean-surface wind fields; polarimetric correlation coefficient; SAR polarimetric odd-symmetry; simultaneous wind speed and direction SAR retrievals
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Funding
- Canadian Space Agency Government Related Initiatives Program
- National Nature Science Foundation of China [41176170]
- Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology [S8111003001]
- National Natural Science Youth Foundation of Jiangsu Province [SBK201241656]
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We present an efficient algorithm for retrieving the ocean-surface wind vector from C-band Radar Satellite RADARSAT-2 fully polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) measurements based upon the copolarized geophysical model function, i.e., CMOD5.N, and the cross-polarized ocean backscatter model, i.e., C-2PO. The analysis of fine quad-polarization mode single-look complex SAR data and collocated in situ moored buoy observations reveals that the polarimetric correlation coefficient between co- and cross-polarization channels has odd symmetry with respect to the wind direction. This characteristic is different from the feature that normalized radar cross sections for quadpolarization have even symmetry regarding the wind direction. We first use the C-2PO model to directly retrieve wind speeds without any external wind-direction and radar-incidence-angle inputs. Subsequently, the retrieved wind speeds, along with incidence angles and CMOD5.N, are employed to invert the wind direction, still with ambiguities. The odd-symmetry property is then applied to remove the wind direction ambiguities. Thus, it is shown that fully polarimetric SAR measurements provide complementary directional information for the ocean-surface wind fields. This method has the potential to improve wind vector retrievals from space.
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