Article
Geography, Physical
Jinmei Pan, M. T. Durand, Z. Courville, B. J. Vander Jagt, N. P. Molotch, S. A. Margulis, E. J. Kim, M. Schneebeli, C. Matzler
Summary: Manual stereology interpretation of snow specific surface area (SSA) is reliable and can accurately predict the brightness temperature of microwave radiative transfer models. Compared to Near Infrared (NIR) camera and hand lens measurements, stereology has higher accuracy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yue Yu, Jinmei Pan, Jiancheng Shi
Summary: This study explores different methods to reduce layered snow properties to single-layer values that can reproduce the same brightness temperature signal, using a validated microwave emission model. The results show that the single-layer effective microstructure parameter and reflectivity at boundaries play critical roles in stability of the bulk brightness temperature error.
Article
Geography, Physical
Wang Guangrui, Li Xiaofeng, Chen Xiuxue, Jiang Tao, Zheng Xingming, Wei Yanlin, Wan Xiangkun, Wang Jian
Summary: The study investigated the dependence of microwave radiation on frequency, polarization, and forest type through ground-based microwave radiometric observation experiment. New empirical transmissivity models for three forest types were developed based on experimental data, providing diverse asymptotic transmissivity saturation levels and the corresponding saturation point of woody stem volume. The root-mean-square error results between T-B simulations and AMSR-2 observations are approximately 3-6 K, offering an experimental and theoretical reference for further development of inversion models for snow parameters in forested areas.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DIGITAL EARTH
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Melody Sandells, Henning Loewe, Ghislain Picard, Marie Dumont, Richard Essery, Nicolas Floury, Anna Kontu, Juha Lemmetyinen, William Maslanka, Samuel Morin, Andreas Wiesmann, Christian Matzler
Summary: The usage of a modular Snow Microwave Radiative Transfer (SMRT) model for simulating microwave scattering behavior in snow is introduced, with five microstructure models parameterized and evaluated for accuracy. Observations from three field experiments showed that simulation of scattering and absorption coefficients matched well with observations, with higher errors for snow with predominantly vertical structures.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Yalei You, Huan Meng, Jun Dong, John X. Yang, Sarah Ringerud, Yongzhen Fan
Summary: This study introduces a new method for precipitation phase determination using TBs from ATMS, which shows comparable performance over land but worse performance over the ocean compared to model outputs. Further analysis reveals a slight dependence of TBs phase determination performance on the satellite's local zenith angle over land, but a stronger dependence over the ocean.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Oguz Demir, Joel T. Johnson, Kenneth C. Jezek, Marco Brogioni, Giovanni Macelloni, Lars Kaleschke, Ludovic Brucker
Summary: This study simulates the retrieval of Arctic sea-ice thickness and salinity using nadir-observing microwave radiometry operating with up to 16 frequency channels in the 0.5-2 GHz frequency range. The results demonstrate that the 0.5-2 GHz radiometry can achieve higher sensitivity to sea-ice thickness within the range 0.5-1.5 m for first-year sea ice and enable the retrieval of both thickness and salinity simultaneously.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Reyhaneh Rahimi, Ardeshir Ebtehaj, Giulia Panegrossi, Lisa Milani, Sarah E. Ringerud, F. Joseph Turk
Summary: This article investigates the uncertainty of passive microwave retrievals of snowfall caused by the variation of snowpack physical properties. The study finds that in certain regions and seasons, the physical characteristics of the snow cover can lead to the misjudgment or obscuration of snowfall.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Junzhi Wan
Summary: This article introduces a two-element band sampling 1-D imaging microwave radiometer, which can provide higher spatial resolution at 800-km height with fewer elements compared to interferometric synthesis aperture radiometer.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
V Levshinskii, C. Galazis, A. Losev, T. Zamechnik, T. Kharybina, S. Vesnin, I. Goryanin
Summary: This study investigates the possibility of using artificial intelligence passive microwave radiometry for the diagnosis of venous diseases. An AI model based on MWR data is proposed to predict the disease state of phlebology patients. The method shows high sensitivity and specificity, and provides advisory outcomes in terms understandable for clinicians.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Mohammad Mousavi, Andreas Colliander, Julie Z. Miller, John S. Kimball
Summary: This article uses observations from NASA's SMAP mission to study melt events on the Antarctic Ice Sheet. The results suggest that longer wavelength observations can provide a better understanding of surface wetness and detect the extent, duration, and intensity of melt events. The analysis shows that although the melt extent in recent years is not as large as in 2015-2016, the melt intensity has significantly increased, particularly on the West Antarctic Ice Sheet.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Joel T. Johnson, Kenneth C. Jezek, Giovanni Macelloni, Marco Brogioni, Leung Tsang, Emmanuel P. Dinnat, Jeffrey P. Walker, Nan Ye, Sidharth Misra, Jeffrey R. Piepmeier, Rajat Bindlish, David M. LeVine, Peggy E. O'Neill, Lars Kaleschke, Mark J. Andrews, Caglar Yardim, Mustafa Aksoy, Michael Durand, Chi-Chih Chen, Oguz Demir, Alexandra Bringer, Julie Z. Miller, Shannon T. Brown, Ron Kwok, Tong Lee, Yann Kerr, Dara Entekhabi, Jinzheng Peng, Andreas Colliander, Steven Chan, Joseph A. MacGregor, Brooke Medley, Roger DeRoo, Mark Drinkwater
Summary: Microwave radiometry plays a crucial role in Earth observation, with brightness temperature measurements from 500-1400 MHz showing potential to enhance sensing depth, improve sea salinity perception, and increase sensitivity to soil moisture. However, challenges such as radio-frequency interference and spectrum limitations need to be addressed.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Ardeshir Ebtehaj, Michael Durand, Marco Tedesco
Summary: This article presents a new algorithmic framework for multilayer inversion of the dense media radiative transfer (DMRT) equations of snowpack emission, focusing on high-frequency microwave channels above 60 GHz. The algorithm successfully retrieves the depth, density, and grain size of a single-layer snowpack, as well as the depth and water equivalent of seasonal snow under specific conditions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Victoria Sol Galligani, Die Wang, Paola Belen Corrales, Catherine Prigent
Summary: Microwave cloud polarized observations can improve precipitation retrievals, with significant differences in polarization between stratiform clouds and convective regions. The launch of the GPM microwave imager extends the available frequencies and allows for further exploration of the relationship between PD and observed TBs. A cloud scattering polarization parameterization is proposed to reconstruct the PD signal, which shows good agreement with observed GMI PDs.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yong Liu, Chunxia Zhou, Lei Zheng
Summary: This article ranks the performance of snow liquid water (OLW) products in the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS) using categorical triple collocation and proposes an ensemble OLW product that is consistent with in situ station air temperature data. It quantitatively compares the measurements of different observation methods and provides new insights into their detection capabilities.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Witali Krochin, Gunter Stober, Axel Murk
Summary: This article addresses the further development of the ground-based temperature radiometer TEMPERA, which measures atmospheric microwave radiation in one linear polarization in order to retrieve temperature profiles up to an altitude of 50 km. The latest innovation is a new polarimetric receiver, which allows observing the atmosphere simultaneously in left- and right-circular polarization. In combination with an adapted inversion method, the fully polarimetric analysis can improve the accuracy and extends the vertical upper limit of retrieved temperature profiles. Comparisons between single polarization and fully polarimetric retrievals with simulated atmospheric spectra are presented, and the influence of the Earth's magnetic field is analyzed. In addition, we propose a simple calibration method for fully polarimetric radiometers and present first atmospheric spectra measured with the new TEMPERA-C instrument.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Marco Brogioni, Ada Vittoria Bosisio, Alessandro Lapini, Giovanni Macelloni, Giuseppe Addamo, Giuseppe Virone, Walter Di Nicolantonio, Marco Grilli, Oscar A. Peverini
Summary: Spaceborne microwave radiometry is crucial for monitoring the Earth with varying spatial resolution. The Copernicus imaging microwave radiometer (CIMR) mission aims to collect geophysical observables using a large unfurlable mesh reflector antenna. However, the antenna design limitation introduces inaccuracies in brightness temperature measurements, necessitating a technique to correct these effects.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Nazzareno Pierdicca, Marco Brogioni, Fabio Fascetti, Jeffrey D. Ouellette, Leila Guerriero
Summary: Bistatic and multistatic radar observations focus on exploiting both signal phase and amplitude, aiming to improve the accuracy of inverse problem resolution by combining independent observations. Suitable geometrical configurations of passive satellite radar flying in convoy with an active spaceborne SAR at L-band can enhance retrieval performances for soil moisture and vegetation biomass estimation. By combining monostatic and bistatic measurements in geometric configurations requiring large baselines, the scattering mechanisms involved in different geometries lead to improved retrieval performances compared to monostatic acquisitions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Huizhen Cui, Lingmei Jiang, Simonetta Paloscia, Emanuele Santi, Simone Pettinato, Jian Wang, Xiyao Fang, Wanjin Liao
Summary: This study used Synthetic Aperture Radar sensors (ALOS-2 and Sentinel-1) and an artificial neural network algorithm for soil moisture detection, showing higher accuracy in low vegetation areas and lower accuracy in high vegetation areas.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Mark J. Andrews, Joel T. Johnson, Marco Brogioni, Giovanni Macelloni, Kenneth C. Jezek
Summary: Airborne radiometric measurements in high-latitude regions from 500 to 2000 MHz provide insight into the radio frequency interference environment for future missions. The statistics show that wideband radiometry is viable for science applications in the majority of the surveyed regions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Emanuele Santi, Marco Brogioni, Marion Leduc-Leballeur, Giovanni Macelloni, Francesco Montomoli, Paolo Pampaloni, Juha Lemmetyinen, Juval Cohen, Helmut Rott, Thomas Nagler, Chris Derksen, Joshua King, Nick Rutter, Richard Essery, Cecile Menard, Melody Sandells, Michael Kern
Summary: This article presents the results of utilizing multifrequency synthetic aperture radar data within the framework of European Space Agency activities to retrieve snow information. The study assessed the capability of X- and Ku-bands SAR in retrieving snow parameters, with machine learning techniques, especially artificial neural networks, showing promising results. The research compared approaches based on experimental data and data simulated by dense medium radiative transfer, highlighting the efficiency of data-driven algorithms in estimating snow depth and snow water equivalent.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Alessandro Lapini, Ada Vittoria Bosisio, Giovanni Macelloni, Marco Brogioni
Summary: The rapid evolution of climate change effects requires satellite acquisitions with high accuracy and fine spatial resolution to assess the state of the polar area. The Copernicus Imaging Microwave Radiometer (CIMR) mission aims to observe the ocean, sea ice, and Arctic environment with specific requirements for brightness temperature measurements. A proposed antenna pattern correction (APC) algorithm corrects for the contamination of brightness temperature values caused by the use of mesh reflectors. The algorithm, based on the Jacobi Method, was tested at both K- and Ka-bands with similar performance.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Remote Sensing
Giuliano Ramat, Emanuele Santi, Simonetta Paloscia, Giacomo Fontanelli, Simone Pettinato, Leonardo Santurri, Najet Souissi, Emmanuel Da Ponte, M. M. Abdel Wahab, A. A. Khalil, Y. H. Essa, Mohamed Ouessar, Hanen Dhaou, Abderrahman Sghaier, Amal Hachani, Zeineb Kassouk, Zohra Lili Chabaane
Summary: This study used optical and microwave satellite data to monitor the water status of vegetation and soil in cultivated lands in Egyptian Delta and Tunisian areas. Environmental analysis approaches based on this data were conducted to develop practical and cost-effective methods for sustainable water use in agriculture. The study also introduced a novel drought severity index that combined optical and microwave data to capture drought patterns better than individual indices.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Marco Brogioni, Mark J. Andrews, Stefano Urbini, Kenneth C. Jezek, Joel T. Johnson, Marion Leduc-Leballeur, Giovanni Macelloni, Stephen F. Ackley, Alexandra Bringer, Ludovic Brucker, Oguz Demir, Giacomo Fontanelli, Caglar Yardim, Lars Kaleschke, Francesco Montomoli, Leung Tsang, Silvia Becagli, Massimo Frezzotti
Summary: An airborne microwave wide-band radiometer was used in Antarctica for the first time to study the emission properties of sea ice, outlet glaciers, and the interior ice sheet. Different glaciological regions displayed unique spectral signatures in the microwave spectrum. The brightness temperatures of a vertically homogeneous ice sheet were warmest at the lowest frequencies, but this interpretation could be altered by vertical heterogeneities in the ice property profiles. The results contribute to a better understanding of microwave wide-band radiometry for cryospheric studies and enhance knowledge of L-band radiometers operating in space.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
S. Pettinato, F. Bovenga, E. Santi, S. Paloscia, F. Baroni, A. Belmonte, A. Refice, I. Argentiero, R. Colombo, B. Di Mauro, G. Bramati, C. Marin, G. Cuozzo, L. De Gregorio, C. Notarnicola, M. Callegari, R. Barella, M. Pasian, M. Lodigiani, E. Cremonese
Summary: This study explores the use of SAR operating at different frequencies to improve monitoring of snow covered areas and soil. The analysis of SAR signals at various frequencies demonstrates their sensitivity in estimating Snow Water Equivalent and permafrost characteristics.
2022 52ND EUROPEAN MICROWAVE CONFERENCE (EUMC)
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kenneth C. C. Jezek, Shujie Wang, Marion Leduc-Leballeur, Joel T. T. Johnson, Marco Brogioni, Julie Z. Z. Miller, David G. G. Long, Giovanni Macelloni
Summary: This study analyzed the Ross ice shelf in Antarctica using radiometric and radar data from NASA's SMAP satellite. The patterns of L-band brightness temperature ($T_{B}$) were found to be consistent with the outflow patterns of East and West Antarctic ice. Cooler $T_{B}$ was associated with the broad outflow from West Antarctic ice streams and the outflow from narrow outlet glaciers in East Antarctica. The study also found that aside from outlet glacier discharges, ice from East Antarctica is thinner and radiometrically warmer than ice from West Antarctica. Over a 6-year period, $T_{B}$ remained stable across the ice shelf, but surface melt events caused variations in pre- and post-melt $T_{B}$ in vertical polarization.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Simone Pilia, Fabrizio Baroni, Alessandro Lapini, Simonetta Paloscia, Simone Pettinato, Emanuele Santi, Paolo Pampaloni, Mauro Valt, Fabiano Monti
Summary: This study aims to relate the stickiness parameter of densely packed sticky spheres (Mie scattering of quasicrystalline approximation) to the physical parameters of layered snowpack. A derived relationship between the stickiness parameter and ice volume fraction and coordination number is proposed. The simulation results are validated by comparing them with satellite observations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Giacomo Fontanelli, Alessandro Lapini, Leonardo Santurri, Simone Pettinato, Emanuele Santi, Giuliano Ramat, Simone Pilia, Fabrizio Baroni, Deodato Tapete, Francesca Cigna, Simonetta Paloscia
Summary: This article introduces a method for early-season crop mapping using COSMO-SkyMed X-band dual-polarized data. By using a deep learning convolutional neural network for classification and combining HH+VV backscatter, high classification accuracy is achieved. The study finds that using a 3-D classifier with HH, VV, and HH+VV backscatter can achieve overall accuracy above 90% after June each year. However, relatively low producer accuracy is observed in vineyards and uncultivated fields, requiring further research.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Emanuele Santi, Ludovica De Gregorio, Simone Pettinato, Giovanni Cuozzo, Alexander Jacob, Claudia Notarnicola, Daniel Guenther, Ulrich Strasser, Francesca Cigna, Deodato Tapete, Simonetta Paloscia
Summary: This study estimates the dry snow water equivalent (SWE) in alpine areas using X-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data from the COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) satellite constellation. The SAR data is analyzed and compared with in situ measurements, and the sensitivity to SWE is assessed using a radiative transfer model. Two machine learning techniques, artificial neural networks (ANNs) and support vector regression (SVR), are employed to retrieve SWE from the CSK data. The validation results show a high correlation coefficient and low root-mean-square error, indicating the effectiveness of the CSK constellation for dry SWE retrieval in alpine areas.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Oguz Demir, Joel T. Johnson, Kenneth C. Jezek, Marco Brogioni, Giovanni Macelloni, Lars Kaleschke, Ludovic Brucker
Summary: This study simulates the retrieval of Arctic sea-ice thickness and salinity using nadir-observing microwave radiometry operating with up to 16 frequency channels in the 0.5-2 GHz frequency range. The results demonstrate that the 0.5-2 GHz radiometry can achieve higher sensitivity to sea-ice thickness within the range 0.5-1.5 m for first-year sea ice and enable the retrieval of both thickness and salinity simultaneously.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
