Article
Environmental Sciences
Joan Francesc Munoz-Martin, Adriano Camps
Summary: The FSSCat mission, a winner of the Copernicus Masters Competition in 2017, was the first ESA third-party mission based on CubeSats with the aim of providing soil moisture and sea ice concentration information through passive microwave measurements. The study utilized FMPL-2 data for sea surface salinity estimation, achieving accurate wind speed and sea surface salinity estimates by combining FMPL-2 data with sea surface temperature using various artificial neural network algorithms.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Oguz Demir, Joel T. Johnson, Kenneth C. Jezek, Marco Brogioni, Giovanni Macelloni, Lars Kaleschke, Ludovic Brucker
Summary: This study simulates the retrieval of Arctic sea-ice thickness and salinity using nadir-observing microwave radiometry operating with up to 16 frequency channels in the 0.5-2 GHz frequency range. The results demonstrate that the 0.5-2 GHz radiometry can achieve higher sensitivity to sea-ice thickness within the range 0.5-1.5 m for first-year sea ice and enable the retrieval of both thickness and salinity simultaneously.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Junzhi Wan
Summary: This article introduces a two-element band sampling 1-D imaging microwave radiometer, which can provide higher spatial resolution at 800-km height with fewer elements compared to interferometric synthesis aperture radiometer.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
V Levshinskii, C. Galazis, A. Losev, T. Zamechnik, T. Kharybina, S. Vesnin, I. Goryanin
Summary: This study investigates the possibility of using artificial intelligence passive microwave radiometry for the diagnosis of venous diseases. An AI model based on MWR data is proposed to predict the disease state of phlebology patients. The method shows high sensitivity and specificity, and provides advisory outcomes in terms understandable for clinicians.
COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Joel T. Johnson, Kenneth C. Jezek, Giovanni Macelloni, Marco Brogioni, Leung Tsang, Emmanuel P. Dinnat, Jeffrey P. Walker, Nan Ye, Sidharth Misra, Jeffrey R. Piepmeier, Rajat Bindlish, David M. LeVine, Peggy E. O'Neill, Lars Kaleschke, Mark J. Andrews, Caglar Yardim, Mustafa Aksoy, Michael Durand, Chi-Chih Chen, Oguz Demir, Alexandra Bringer, Julie Z. Miller, Shannon T. Brown, Ron Kwok, Tong Lee, Yann Kerr, Dara Entekhabi, Jinzheng Peng, Andreas Colliander, Steven Chan, Joseph A. MacGregor, Brooke Medley, Roger DeRoo, Mark Drinkwater
Summary: Microwave radiometry plays a crucial role in Earth observation, with brightness temperature measurements from 500-1400 MHz showing potential to enhance sensing depth, improve sea salinity perception, and increase sensitivity to soil moisture. However, challenges such as radio-frequency interference and spectrum limitations need to be addressed.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Victoria Sol Galligani, Die Wang, Paola Belen Corrales, Catherine Prigent
Summary: Microwave cloud polarized observations can improve precipitation retrievals, with significant differences in polarization between stratiform clouds and convective regions. The launch of the GPM microwave imager extends the available frequencies and allows for further exploration of the relationship between PD and observed TBs. A cloud scattering polarization parameterization is proposed to reconstruct the PD signal, which shows good agreement with observed GMI PDs.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Alexander Akins, Shannon Brown, Tong Lee, Sidharth Misra, Simon Yueh
Summary: L-band microwave radiometers have been used to measure sea surface salinity from space for over a decade, with the expectation of continued measurement with the CIMR mission. This article presents a software simulator for remote sensing measurements of ocean state and applies it to case studies of SSS measurement in various regions, showcasing the impact of design choices on detecting SSS features.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Witali Krochin, Gunter Stober, Axel Murk
Summary: This article addresses the further development of the ground-based temperature radiometer TEMPERA, which measures atmospheric microwave radiation in one linear polarization in order to retrieve temperature profiles up to an altitude of 50 km. The latest innovation is a new polarimetric receiver, which allows observing the atmosphere simultaneously in left- and right-circular polarization. In combination with an adapted inversion method, the fully polarimetric analysis can improve the accuracy and extends the vertical upper limit of retrieved temperature profiles. Comparisons between single polarization and fully polarimetric retrievals with simulated atmospheric spectra are presented, and the influence of the Earth's magnetic field is analyzed. In addition, we propose a simple calibration method for fully polarimetric radiometers and present first atmospheric spectra measured with the new TEMPERA-C instrument.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN APPLIED EARTH OBSERVATIONS AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Beatriz Biguino, Fatima Sousa, Ana C. Brito
Summary: Estuarine circulation plays a crucial role in transporting organisms and nutrients, and understanding the hydrodynamic patterns is essential for preserving these ecologically important regions. Data from sampling in the Sado estuary indicated that water circulation occurs through two main navigation channels, with little stratification of temperature and salinity along the water column. Analyzing the data suggests possible hydrodynamic changes in the estuary in recent years.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Peter Forkman, Jonas Flygare, Gunnar Elgered
Summary: The accuracy of geodetic Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) is affected by water vapor in the atmosphere, which can be estimated using radiometric data from the VLBI receiver to achieve an accuracy of around 3 mm under cloud-free conditions.
JOURNAL OF GEODESY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Rachael A. Kroodsma, Wesley Berg, Thomas T. Wilheit
Summary: This article presents the reexamination and update of SSMIS data from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program. The updates include calibration parameters, along-scan bias adjustments, and sun angle corrections, resulting in improved quality and consistency of the SSMIS data.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Joan Francesc Munoz-Martin, Xavier Bosch-Lluis, Omkar Pradhan, Shannon T. Brown, Pekka P. Kangaslahti, Alan B. Tanner, Mehmet Ogut, Sidharth Misra, Boon H. Lim
Summary: This manuscript presents the Microwave Temperature and Humidity Profiler (MTHP), a dual-band spectroradiometer designed for measuring multi-incidence angle temperature and humidity atmospheric profiles from an aircraft platform. The manuscript discusses the design, components, and calibration methods of the MTHP and presents preliminary results from the Technological Innovation into Iodine and GV aircraft Environmental Research (TI3GER) campaign. The MTHP has the potential to improve the estimation of the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) and investigate its role in atmospheric dynamics, offering valuable insights into Earth's energy, water, and carbon cycles.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Anna L. Broome, Dustin M. Schroeder, Joel T. Johnson
Summary: Measurement of ice-sheet thermal state using microwave remote sensing techniques can provide critical observations on englacial temperature at various scales. Active and passive microwave remote sensing methods have been investigated to improve the measurement of ice-sheet thermal state by considering the effects of englacial temperature profiles. The analysis shows that a joint radar-radiometer system can effectively reduce the complexity and requirements of individual instruments.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Optics
Yuanqing Wang, Jinghao Zhang, Yongchao Zheng, Yangrui Xu, Jiaqi Xu, Jiao Jiao, Yun Su, Hai-Feng Lu, Kun Liang
Summary: The Brillouin scattering spectrum of a liquid medium was investigated using an improved method based on the double-edge technique. The Brillouin spectrum was constructed by calculating transmission ratios and deducing the Brillouin shift and linewidth through filtered double-edge data. The experimental values of Brillouin shift and linewidth for distilled water were compared with theoretical predictions, showing a small difference of less than 4.3 MHz and 3.2 MHz, respectively. The double-edge technique also demonstrated high accuracy in extracting temperatures and salinity, indicating significant potential for application in water detection and oceanography.
OPTO-ELECTRONIC ADVANCES
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xuchen Jin, Xianqiang He, Palanisamy Shanmugam, Yan Bai, Fang Gong, Shujie Yu, Delu Pan
Summary: This study proposed a comprehensive vector radiative transfer model for estimating sea surface brightness temperature, which was validated with other models. The results showed that there were differences in the estimated brightness temperature among different models under various wind speed conditions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Giuseppe Zibordi, Marco Talone, Frederic Melin
Summary: This study investigates the uncertainties of satellite ocean color products by using in situ radiometric data, and applies an advanced method to analyze the radiometric data products from Sentinel-3A and Suomi satellites. The results support the relevance of the proposed method.
IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Remote Sensing
Semyon A. Grodsky, Nicolas Reul, Abderrahim Bentamy, Douglas Vandemark
Summary: Variations in the upper ocean of the tropical Atlantic are strongly influenced by seasonal surface forcing and continental runoff. Remote sensing data reveals the presence of eastward propagating anomalies during the boreal summer and autumn, which are associated with the development of the fresh Amazon plume and acceleration of the eastward North Equatorial Countercurrent. The interannual variations of these anomalies are studied in relation to wind and circulation patterns.
REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Clovis Thouvenin-Masson, Jacqueline Boutin, Jean-Luc Vergely, Gilles Reverdin, Adrien C. H. Martin, Sebastien Guimbard, Nicolas Reul, Roberto Sabia, Rafael Catany, Odile Hembise Fanton-d'Andon
Summary: Satellite sea surface salinity (SSS) products are typically validated by comparing them with in-situ measurements, but the difference in spatio-temporal resolution leads to a sampling mismatch uncertainty. This study merges SSS from three satellite missions and estimates weekly and monthly SSS and their uncertainties at a 50 km spatial resolution. A quantitative validation is performed by considering the statistical distribution of the differences between the satellite and in-situ measurements, and the results indicate that the differences in dynamical regions are mainly due to the sampling mismatch.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Marta Umbert, Nina Hoareau, Jordi Salat, Joaquin Salvador, Sebastien Guimbard, Estrella Olmedo, Carolina Gabarro
Summary: This paper describes the use of sailing race measurements to validate satellite salinity products and emphasizes the importance of these measurements in providing valuable oceanographic information in regions where reliable measurements are not available.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Remote Sensing
Semyon A. A. Grodsky, Nicolas Reul, Abderrahim Bentamy, Douglas Vandemark
Summary: The thermohaline properties of the Chukchi Sea are affected by the influx of salty and warm Pacific water through the Bering Strait, as well as boundary currents and wind-driven transport. The anomalous southward shift of the ice edge and its meltwater source in summer-autumn 2021 led to an anomalous fresh Chukchi Sea surface salinity.
REMOTE SENSING LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Semyon A. Grodsky, Nicolas Reul, Douglas Vandemark
Summary: The strength of the atmospheric Aleutian Low pressure system has a significant impact on the sea surface temperature, sea level, and other oceanic parameters along the North Pacific subarctic front, primarily through variable zonal winds and their effects on meridional Ekman transport and air-sea fluxes. While the response of sea surface temperature is well understood, the response of sea surface salinity is less known due to limited observations. However, recent studies using satellite data, Argo salinity data, and model simulations have revealed that sea surface salinity anomalies behave like passive tracers, being advected eastward by the North Pacific Current and intensifying at times before they continue southward along the California coast.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Daniele Hauser, Saleh Abdalla, Fabrice Ardhuin, Jean-Raymond Bidlot, Mark Bourassa, David Cotton, Christine Gommenginger, Hayley Evers-King, Harald Johnsen, John Knaff, Samantha Lavender, Alexis Mouche, Nicolas Reul, Charles Sampson, Edward C. C. Steele, Ad Stoffelen
Summary: This review paper discusses the current development of observing surface winds, waves, and currents from space and their applications in scientific research. Satellite missions for monitoring sea state parameters have significantly increased since the 1990s. Microwave-based sensors are commonly used for these observations. The paper also emphasizes the significance of understanding sea state in various fields and highlights the importance of long-time series of global sea-state observations for analyzing climate change impacts.
SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Marta Umbert, Eva De-Andres, Rafael Goncalves-Araujo, Marina Gutierrez, Roshin Raj, Laurent Bertino, Carolina Gabarro, Jordi Isern-Fontanet
Summary: This study assesses the capability of the Surface Quasi-Geostrophy (SQG) method in reconstructing the three-dimensional (3D) dynamics in four critical areas of the Arctic Ocean. The results show that the reconstruction using sea surface height (SSH) fields is highly accurate, even in areas with freshwater inputs. However, surface buoyancy reconstruction fails due to the uncorrelation of surface buoyancy and subsurface potential vorticity. Surface currents reconstruction correlates well with the total velocities. Furthermore, applying the SQG method to satellite-derived sea level anomalies shows better performance in fall and winter compared to spring and summer, due to lower stratification. These findings have important implications for future remote sensing missions in the Arctic Ocean.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
J. Boutin, S. Yueh, R. Bindlish, S. Chan, D. Entekhabi, Y. Kerr, N. Kolodziejczyk, T. Lee, N. Reul, M. Zribi
Summary: The monitoring of soil moisture and sea surface salinity has been greatly improved in the past thirteen years with the use of new satellite sensors. L-band radiometry is currently the only technology that can directly measure soil moisture and sea surface salinity from space, unaffected by surface roughness or soil composition. The SMOS and SMAP satellite missions provide global and local variability information at a spatial resolution of approximately 43 km and a temporal sampling of at least twice every 3 days, which can be further enhanced by merging data from multiple sensors or with in situ information.
SURVEYS IN GEOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Jacqueline Boutin, Jean-Luc Vergely, Fabrice Bonjean, Xavier Perrot, Yiwen Zhou, Emmanuel P. Dinnat, Roger H. Lang, David M. Le Vine, Roberto Sabia
Summary: The accuracy of SSS retrieved from L-Band radiometer measurements depends on the reliability of the dielectric constant model. Two new parametrizations based on SMOS satellite measurements and laboratory measurements by George Washington University were found to have better agreement with brightness temperature variations compared to previous parametrizations. However, there is still uncertainty, especially below 10 degrees C.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jiping Xie, Roshin P. Raj, Laurent Bertino, Justino Martinez, Carolina Gabarro, Rafael Catany
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of assimilating Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) satellite data in an Arctic ocean-ice data assimilation system. The results show that assimilating satellite salinity data can reduce biases and root-mean-squared differences in sea surface salinity (SSS) in the Arctic, highlighting the importance of incorporating satellite data in Arctic Ocean forecasts.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Marie Montero, Nicolas Reul, Clement de Boyer Montegut, Jerome Vialard, Sidonie Brachet, Sebastien Guimbard, Doug Vandemark, Jean Tournadre
Summary: The monsoon freshwater and wind forcing drive high sea surface salinity (SSS) contrasts and variability in the Bay of Bengal, with important consequences for upper ocean mixing and air-sea interactions. This study successfully reconstructed the monthly SSS in the Bay of Bengal using AMSR-E data since 2002, showing a high correlation with in situ surface salinity measurements.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Pavel Pivaev, Vladimir Kudryavtsev, Nicolas Reul, Bertrand Chapron
Summary: This study investigates the upper ocean responses in the wakes of moving tropical cyclones and proposes a semi-empirical parametrization method for temperature and salinity anomalies based on satellite data and a simplified model.
2022 IEEE INTERNATIONAL GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING SYMPOSIUM (IGARSS 2022)
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Michael P. Hemming, Jan Kaiser, Jacqueline Boutin, Liliane Merlivat, Karen J. Heywood, Dorothee C. E. Bakker, Gareth A. Lee, Marcos Cobas Garcia, David Antoine, Kiminori Shitashima
Summary: Although the Mediterranean Sea covers only 0.8% of the global oceanic surface, it is considered a disproportionately large sink for anthropogenic carbon. A recent study conducted a glider mission in the northwestern Mediterranean Sea and obtained valuable data regarding the carbon dynamics and the start of a phytoplankton bloom.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Justino Martinez, Carolina Gabarro, Antonio Turiel, Veronica Gonzalez-Gambau, Marta Umbert, Nina Hoareau, Cristina Gonzalez-Haro, Estrella Olmedo, Manuel Arias, Rafael Catany, Laurent Bertino, Roshin P. Raj, Jiping Xie, Roberto Sabia, Diego Fernandez
Summary: Measuring salinity from space is challenging due to its low sensitivity to sea surface salinity. The European Space Agency (ESA) launched the Arctic+Salinity project in 2019 to produce an enhanced Arctic sea surface salinity product with improved quality and resolution. The product utilizes improved methodologies to achieve better spatial resolution and benefits the monitoring of mesoscale structures and river discharge.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)