Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiran Xu, Hongying Tian, Wenshou Tian, Zhe Wang, Hongwen Liu, Kai Qie, Jiali Luo
Summary: Using EOF analysis, this study investigates the spatial pattern and temporal variation of upper-tropospheric water vapor over the Tibetan Plateau in summer. Several important modes were identified, and the main factors influencing water vapor in different regions were discussed.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhihua Zhang, Xin Wang, Daren Lyu
Summary: Microwave occultation is a potential method to estimate moist atmospheric profiles. This study analyzed the attenuation properties of centimeter and millimeter waves and the observing capabilities at different frequency combinations. The results showed that the LEO-LEO microwave occultation technique can improve the retrieval accuracy of bending angles above 35 km and obtain water vapor profiles up to approximately 24 km. By adding M-band frequencies, the accuracy of water vapor retrieval significantly improved above 15 km. A proposed frequency combination at the X+K band can accurately observe temperature and water vapor profiles under clear and cloudy conditions.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. S. Leroy, H. Gleisner
Summary: This study analyzes the diurnal cycle in the stratosphere using Bayesian interpolation applied to COSMIC Global Positioning System radio occultation data. Three scientific applications of the analysis are introduced, including analysis of migrating thermal tides, detection of solar cycle influence, and diagnosis of sampling error. The analysis provides unprecedented accuracy and precision in analyzing the tides, reveals deviations from atmospheric models, and highlights the importance of sufficient coverage in satellite-based data sets.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Rei Ueyama, Mark Schoeberl, Eric Jensen, Leonhard Pfister, Mijeong Park, Ju-Mee Ryoo
Summary: The direct impact of deep convection on the global lower stratospheric water vapor budget is still a debated issue. Two complementary modeling approaches are used to investigate this impact in different seasons. The results show that deep convection moistens the global lower stratosphere by approximately 0.3 ppmv, with a diurnal peak in winter and summer and relatively minor effect on global water vapor. The interannual variability of the convective impact is estimated to be up to 0.1 ppmv during 2006-2016.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Alex Meredith, Stephen Leroy, Lucy Halperin, Kerri Cahoy
Summary: Radio occultation using GNSS is used to infer atmospheric profiles and is now assimilated into weather models and used for climate monitoring. This paper develops a new technique called the rotation-collocation method for collocating GNSS RO soundings and passive nadir-scanned radiance soundings, proving to be highly accurate and significantly faster than traditional approaches.
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Denis A. Belyaev, Anna A. Fedorova, Alexander Trokhimovskiy, Juan Alday, Franck Montmessin, Oleg Korablev, Franck Lefevre, Andrey S. Patrakeev, Kevin S. Olsen, Alexey Shakun
Summary: Using solar occultation measurements by ACS on TGO, we present water vapor profiles encompassing the upper mesosphere of Mars, reaching 100-120 km. During specific periods, H2O mixing ratios can reach 10-50 ppmv, while remaining below 2 ppmv in other seasons. The contributions of GDS and perihelion periods to hydrogen escape from Mars are claimed to be nearly equivalent.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin R. Johnston, William J. Randel, Jeremiah P. Sjoberg
Summary: Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) radio occultation (RO) receivers on the COSMIC-2 (C2) satellite constellation provide unprecedented high vertical resolution moisture profiles in the tropical and subtropical atmosphere. This study compared specific humidity retrievals from C2 observations to ERA5 and MERRA-2 reanalysis profiles, showing excellent agreement with ERA5 but larger differences with MERRA-2. Strong correlations were observed in the subtropics while weaker correlations, especially with MERRA-2, were found in the deep tropics. Areas with sharp moisture gradients often had profile pairs with large moisture differences, highlighting the importance of measurement resolution. Further study is needed to explain profile pairs with large moisture differences.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin R. Johnston, Feiqin Xie, Chuntao Liu
Summary: This study examines the relationship between extratropical precipitation systems and changes in upper troposphere and lower stratosphere temperature and tropopause height. The results show that non-deep stratospheric intrusion precipitation features introduce warming in the upper troposphere, followed by cooling around the lapse rate tropopause, and then warming in the lower stratosphere. On the other hand, deep stratospheric intrusion events are associated with cooling from the mid-troposphere to the tropopause, followed by warming in the lower stratosphere. The size and depth of the precipitation features also affect the tropopause height.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Shu-peng Ho, Stanislav Kireev, Xi Shao, Xinjia Zhou, Xin Jing
Summary: The GNSS radio occultation (RO) is becoming crucial for NOAA observation systems, and STAR has developed a data processing and validation system for GNSS RO. The study shows that STAR's thermal profiles have high accuracy, and the simulated brightness temperature aligns well with the measurements.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Emily N. Tinney, Cameron R. Homeyer
Summary: Moist convection has a significant impact on the distribution and concentration of trace gases in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. It typically increases humidity, reduces ozone concentration, and increases carbon monoxide levels. The effects of convection are more pronounced in tropical environments, particularly on ozone levels.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Aerospace
Ville V. Lehtola, Maija Makela, Tiago de Oliveira Marques, Leslie Montloin
Summary: Water vapor is the dominant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, impacting weather forecasts and GNSS measurements. A new technique is proposed to estimate water vapor distribution using roving receivers, and even low-quality receiver data like from smartphones can be utilized to improve the estimates.
ADVANCES IN SPACE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Rachel Atlas, Christopher S. Bretherton
Summary: Observational evidence shows that small-scale gravity waves greatly influence the ice crystal number concentration and dehydration efficiency within TTL cirrus clouds. Additionally, global models have been found to have deficiencies in simulating small-scale gravity wave activity, emphasizing the need for improved horizontal and vertical grid spacing.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Remote Sensing
Chen Liu, Yibin Yao, Chaoqian Xu
Summary: Global navigation satellite system (GNSS) water vapor (WV) tomography is a promising technique for reconstructing the three-dimensional WV field. This study proposes two WV density estimation models and validates them using data from a radiosonde station in Hong Kong. The results show that both models effectively describe the spatial and temporal distribution of WV density, with the neural network model outperforming the conventional model in terms of prediction performance.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Yann Cohen, Virginie Marecal, Beatrice Josse, Valerie Thouret
Summary: A new method is proposed to compare a large IAGOS dataset to long-term simulations used for chemistry-climate studies, showing good agreement between model and observational data in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere for O-3 and CO distributions. The data projection onto the model's grid filters out biases arising from spatial or temporal resolution, with the use of a weighting function leading to enhanced assessment scores.
GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Claudio Belotti, Flavio Barbara, Marco Barucci, Giovanni Bianchini, Francesco D'Amato, Samuele Del Bianco, Gianluca Di Natale, Marco Gai, Alessio Montori, Filippo Pratesi, Markus Rettinger, Christian Rolf, Ralf Sussmann, Thomas Trickl, Silvia Viciani, Hannes Vogelmann, Luca Palchetti
Summary: The Far-Infrared Radiation Mobile Observation System (FIRMOS) is developed to support the FORUM satellite mission by validating measurement methods and instrument design concepts. It is capable of measuring the downwelling spectral radiance emitted by the atmosphere in the wavelength range of 10-100 μm with a maximum spectral resolution of 0.25 cm(-1).
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
James M. Anderson, Georg Beyerle, Susanne Glaser, Li Liu, Benjamin Maennel, Tobias Nilsson, Robert Heinkelmann, Harald Schuh
JOURNAL OF GEODESY
(2018)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Jacquelyn C. Witte, Anne M. Thompson, Herman G. J. Smit, Holger Vomel, Francoise Posny, Rene Stubi
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2018)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Anne M. Thompson, Hermam G. J. Smit, Jacquelyn C. Witte, Ryan M. Stauffer, Bryan J. Johnson, Gary Morris, Peter von der Gathen, Roeland Van Malderen, Jonathan Davies, Ankie Piters, Marc Allaart, Francoise Posny, Rigel Kivi, Patrick Cullis, Nguyen Thi Hoang Anh, Ernesto Corrales, Tshidi Machinini, Francisco R. da Silva, George Paiman, Kennedy Thiong'o, Zamuna Zainal, George B. Brothers, Katherine R. Wolff, Tatsumi Nakano, Rene Stubi, Gonzague Romanens, Gert J. R. Coetzee, Jorge A. Diaz, Sukarni Mitro, Maznorizan Mohamad, Shin-Ya Ogino
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2019)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
P. Llamedo, J. Salvador, A. de la Torre, J. Quiroga, P. Alexander, R. Hierro, T. Schmidt, A. Pazmino, E. Quel
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maryam Ramezani Ziarani, Bodo Bookhagen, Torsten Schmidt, Jens Wickert, Alejandro de la Torre, Rodrigo Hierro
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wuke Wang, Ming Shangguan, Wenshou Tian, Torsten Schmidt, Aijun Ding
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2019)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
R. Hierro, Y. Burgos Fonseca, M. Ramezani Ziarani, P. Llamedo, T. Schmidt, A. de la Torre, P. Alexander
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ryan M. Stauffer, Anne M. Thompson, Debra E. Kollonige, Jacquelyn C. Witte, David W. Tarasick, Jonathan Davies, Holger Vomel, Gary A. Morris, Roeland Van Malderen, Bryan J. Johnson, Richard R. Querel, Henry B. Selkirk, Rene Stubi, Herman G. J. Smit
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hallgeir Wilhelmsen, Florian Ladstaedter, Torsten Schmidt, Andrea K. Steiner
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
A. K. Steiner, F. Ladstaedter, W. J. Randel, A. C. Maycock, Q. Fu, C. Claud, H. Gleisner, L. Haimberger, S-P Ho, P. Keckhut, T. Leblanc, C. Mears, L. M. Polvani, B. D. Santer, T. Schmidt, V Sofieva, R. Wing, C-Z Zou
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2020)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Maryam Ramezani Ziarani, Bodo Bookhagen, Torsten Schmidt, Jens Wickert, Alejandro de la Torre, Zhiguo Deng, Andrea Calori
Summary: Atmospheric water vapour content is crucial for the development of deep convective storms and extreme rainfall in the central Andes. Recent advancements in microwave processing and GNSS technology have enabled more accurate measurements of water vapour content. Analysis from GNSS data, CAPE, and rainfall data indicates that both CAPE and GNSS-IWV play significant roles in extreme rainfall events, with higher values observed before peak rainfall. It is important to consider both variables when studying their impact on rainfall extremes.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
H. Schuh, R. Heinkelmann, G. Beyerle, J. M. Anderson, K. Balidakis, S. Belda, S. Dhar, S. Glaser, O. S. Jenie, M. Karbon, C. Kitpracha, P. Kurec Nehbit, L. Liu, S. Lunz, N. Mammadaliyev, S. Modiri, T. J. Nilsson, S. Raut, B. Soja, J. Wang, M. H. Xu
Summary: PORT is a VLBI analysis software developed and maintained at GFZ, primarily used for processing VLBI sessions and supporting the generation of reference frames, as well as serving as a framework for research and development and education of young researchers within the organization.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF THE PACIFIC
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Andreas Petzold, Patrick Neis, Mihal Ruetimann, Susanne Rohs, Florian Berkes, Herman G. J. Smit, Martina Kraemer, Nicole Spelten, Peter Spichtinger, Philippe Nedelec, Andreas Wahner
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Andrea K. Steiner, Florian Ladstaedter, Chi O. Ao, Hans Gleisner, Shu-Peng Ho, Doug Hunt, Torsten Schmidt, Ulrich Foelsche, Gottfried Kirchengast, Ying-Hwa Kuo, Kent B. Lauritsen, Anthony J. Mannucci, Johannes K. Nielsen, William Schreiner, Marc Schwaerz, Sergey Sokolovskiy, Stig Syndergaard, Jens Wickert
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2020)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Annette Filges, Christoph Gerbig, Chris W. Rella, John Hoffnagle, Herman Smit, Martina Kraemer, Nicole Spelten, Christian Rolf, Zoltan Bozoki, Bernhard Buchholz, Volker Ebert
ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES
(2018)