Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Zuoqing Zhao, Xuwei Xue, Bingli Guo, Yisong Zhao, Xinwei Zhang, Yuanzhi Guo, Wei Ji, Rui Yin, Bin Chen, Shanguo Huang
Summary: This paper proposes a reconfigurable and picosecond-synchronized optical data center network (ReSAW) based on an arrayed waveguide grating router (AWGR) and the White Rabbit (WR) protocol to overcome the bandwidth bottleneck and high latency in current electrical switch-based data center networks (DCNs). Experimental results demonstrate that ReSAW achieves low latency, precise synchronization, and improved scalability and performance.
JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Jason Kelley, Alex Forencich, George C. Papen, William M. Mellette
Summary: This study presents a novel method to assess the transient locking characteristics of transceivers used in optical circuit-switched networks. The method utilizes custom hardware code implemented on a high-performance FPGA to sample the bit error rate and generate time-resolved measurements on a microsecond time scale. These results enable the quantification of the transient locking characteristics of commercial datacom transceivers.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Bing-Xi Pei, Shi Xu, Zhang Luo, Qin Wang, Ming-Che Lai, Wei-Feng He
Summary: This paper proposes a hierarchical photoelectric network with an electrical and optical interleaved packet switching scheme to achieve low latency and high throughput in high-performance computing systems. A novel electrical switch architecture is used for route computation, and a fine-grained flow control mechanism is employed. Experimental results demonstrate significant improvements in latency and throughput.
JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Kiyo Ishii, Ryosuke Matsumoto, Takashi Inoue, Shu Namiki
Summary: This paper discusses the application of optical-layer switching architectures in disaggregated computing. Optical-layer switching is introduced to achieve high network performance, including low latency, high capacity, determinism, and energy efficiency. The focus is on the intraserver network, and the concept of optically composable disaggregated computing (OCDC) and its technological direction are discussed. Scalable and flexible optical switch technologies, as well as dynamic and automatic control and management mechanisms, are essential for realizing OCDC.
JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Apostolos Tsakyridis, Nikos Terzenidis, George Giamougiannis, Miltiadis Moralis-Pegios, Konstantinos Vyrsokinos, Nikos Pleros
Summary: The paper discusses the challenges and limitations of current electrical DataCenter switches in scaling beyond the 25.6 Tb/s capacity-era and the perspectives and challenges of migrating to Optical Packet Switch (OPS) technologies. The feasibility and performance of OPS schemes are demonstrated through experimental results, showcasing the potential of OPS in overcoming electronic bottlenecks and achieving high switch capacities.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Cesare Berton, Daniel Maria Busiello, Stefano Zamuner, Rosario Scopelliti, Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani, Kay Severin, Cristian Pezzato
Summary: A visible light-switchable buffer system based on a merocyanine photoacid is introduced in this study. By para-substitution of the indolium side with a methoxy group, a compound suitable for making hydrolytically stable aqueous buffers whose pH can be tuned between 7 and 4 using 500 nm light is obtained.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Junfei Xia, Tongyun Li, Qixiang Cheng, Madeleine Glick, Michael Crisp, Keren Bergman, Richard Penty
Summary: Broadband access services are driving the evolution of optical access networks to a more common access platform compatible with both wired and wireless broadband services. This study proposes a reconfigurable converged optical fronthaul network using a silicon photonic switch fabric. Reconfigurable service selection is demonstrated for different switching scenarios, including wavelength selection, multicast, and space switching.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Georgios Drainakis, Peristera Baziana, Adonis Bogris
Summary: In this work, an efficient data center network (DCN) architecture using optical packet switching is proposed. The architecture includes intra-rack, inter-rack, and bridge optical networks, providing high bandwidth utilization and low end-to-end latency.
JOURNAL OF OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Hafsa Bibi, Farrukh Zeeshan Khan, Muneer Ahmad, Anum Naseem, Tomasz Holynski, Kelvin J. A. Ooi, Javed Ahmed Mahar
Summary: This paper discusses Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning in Optical Packet Switching (OPS) networks and proposes Dynamic Wavelength Grouping (DWG) as a technique to adapt to traffic fluctuations and improve network throughput. Compared to its earlier static counterpart (SWG), DWG efficiently minimizes total blocking probability while preserving service differentiation.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
S. J. Ben Yoo
Summary: This tutorial discusses the motivation, benefits, and challenges of photonic switching in data centers, as well as the prospects for future data centers with emerging technologies and cross-layer solutions. Photonic switching offers energy-efficient and scalable intra-data center networks to accommodate rapidly increasing data traffic, but it faces significant challenges and has not been widely deployed in commercial data centers yet.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kai-Sheng Chen
Summary: This paper presents an implicit labeling scheme that achieves reliable label recognition in optical packet switching by analyzing overall decoding results and employing hypothesis testing. A decision rule for correct switching is designed based on the mean of the decoded label stacks, considering noise factors.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Khoa Dinh Xuan, Ai Nguyen Van, Dong Hoang Minh, Doai Le Van, Bang Nguyen Huy
Summary: A model for all-optical switching in a medium consisting of four-level vee-cascade atomic systems has been proposed. It has been demonstrated that by changing the intensity or frequency of the signal field, the medium can switch between electromagnetically induced transparency and electromagnetically induced absorption, exhibiting all-optical switching behavior. As a result, a continuous wave probe field can be switched into square pulses by modulating the intensity or frequency of the signal light. Furthermore, the width of the square probe pulses can be controlled by tuning the switching period of the signal field. This tunable all-optical switching is of great importance for potential applications in optical communications and optical storage devices.
OPTICAL AND QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Timothy J. Palinski, Brian E. Vyhnalek, Gary W. Hunter, Amogha Tadimety, John X. J. Zhang
Summary: This study demonstrates a platform for the active switching of hybrid plasmonic-photonic Fano resonances, achieving on/off switching of narrow Fano resonance transparency windows with high contrast and tunability across a wide spectral range by modulating refractive index. The structure includes gold nanogratings sandwiched between two dielectric thin films, and controlling the interaction of substrate and superstrate modes through refractive index tuning enables both spectral and spatial selectivity.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Boda Ning, Xinghuo Yu, Qing-Long Han, Zhenwei Cao, Guanghui Wen, Zhihong Man
Summary: This article addresses the synchronization problem of impulsive networks with switching topologies and establishes a new synchronization framework emphasizing settling time estimation. It considers the state changes of physical nodes and information exchange patterns of cyber modules, proposing distributed controllers to achieve synchronization with estimated settling time bounds. The relationship between impulsive strength and synchronization performance is revealed through numerical examples.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS MAN CYBERNETICS-SYSTEMS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gabriele Ulissi, Jakub Kucka, Umamaheswara Reddy Vemulapati, Thomas Stiasny, Drazen Dujic
Summary: This article explores the tradeoffs in the transition between zero-voltage and zero-current switching conditions of reverse conducting IGCTs in order to achieve minimal switching loss. The results demonstrate that IGCTs have good thermal performance in medium frequency applications under specific switching conditions.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Galan Moody, Volker J. Sorger, Daniel J. Blumenthal, Paul W. Juodawlkis, William Loh, Cheryl Sorace-Agaskar, Alex E. Jones, Krishna C. Balram, Jonathan C. F. Matthews, Anthony Laing, Marcelo Davanco, Lin Chang, John E. Bowers, Niels Quack, Christophe Galland, Igor Aharonovich, Martin A. Wolff, Carsten Schuck, Neil Sinclair, Marko Loncar, Tin Komljenovic, David Weld, Shayan Mookherjea, Sonia Buckley, Marina Radulaski, Stephan Reitzenstein, Benjamin Pingault, Bartholomeus Machielse, Debsuvra Mukhopadhyay, Alexey Akimov, Aleksei Zheltikov, Girish S. Agarwal, Kartik Srinivasan, Juanjuan Lu, Hong X. Tang, Wentao Jiang, Timothy P. McKenna, Amir H. Safavi-Naeini, Stephan Steinhauer, Ali W. Elshaari, Val Zwiller, Paul S. Davids, Nicholas Martinez, Michael Gehl, John Chiaverini, Karan K. Mehta, Jacquiline Romero, Navin B. Lingaraju, Andrew M. Weiner, Daniel Peace, Robert Cernansky, Mirko Lobino, Eleni Diamanti, Luis Trigo Vidarte, Ryan M. Camacho
Summary: Integrated photonics is crucial for the large-scale integration of quantum systems, enabling programmable quantum information processing, chip-to-chip networking, hybrid quantum system integration, and high-speed communications.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS-PHOTONICS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Nitesh Chauhan, Jiawei Wang, Debapam Bose, Kaikai Liu, R. L. Compton, C. Fertig, C. W. Hoyt, Daniel J. Blumenthal
Summary: This study reports the lowest waveguide losses and highest resonator Q values in the visible range, which are crucial for integrated applications utilizing atomic, molecular, and optical systems. A wafer-scale compatible Si3N4 platform is introduced for fabricating waveguides of different wavelengths on the same wafer. These results represent a significant advancement in waveguide platforms operating in the visible range.
Article
Optics
Kaikai Liu, Naijun Jin, Haotian Cheng, Nitesh Chauhan, Matthew W. Puckett, Karl D. Nelson, Ryan O. Behunin, Peter T. Rakich, Daniel J. Blumenthal
Summary: In this study, low-loss waveguides were demonstrated in a silicon nitride (Si3N4) CMOS-foundry-compatible integration platform. High-quality factor resonators and energy-efficient Brillouin lasers were achieved through optimizing the single-mode TM waveguide design and specific deposition processes. This research provides photon preservation and energy-efficient light sources for future precision scientific applications.
Article
Optics
Weiqiang Xie, Chao Xiang, Lin Chang, Warren Jin, Jonathan Peters, John E. Bowers
Summary: This study proposes a general heterogeneous integration approach to embed highly nonlinear III-V (AlGaAs) photonics into the silicon-on-insulator (SOI) platform, aiming to extend the capabilities of on-chip devices. By developing low-loss AlGaAs-on-SOI photonic circuits with integrated Si waveguides, the researchers successfully demonstrate sub-milliwatt-threshold Kerr frequency comb generation in ultrahigh-Q AlGaAs microrings. This integration of mature silicon photonics technology with efficient nonlinear functionalities provided by III-V materials advances the emerging applications of chip-based nonlinear engines.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Optics
Akhilesh S. P. Khope, Robert Zhang, Roger Helkey, Rod C. Alferness, Adel A. M. Saleh, John E. Bowers
Summary: This article presents a compact 4x4 wavelength selective switch with 50% fewer electrical signal pads compared to the previous generation. The loss and crosstalk of the switch in different paths are reported and measured. The results show a median loss of 5.32 dB and a worst-case crosstalk of -35 dB. The improvement in the tuning range of microring resonators compared to the previous generation is also demonstrated. The switch is capable of supporting 8 channels with a spacing of 400 GHz.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Paul A. Morton, Chao Xiang, Jacob B. Khurgin, Christopher D. Morton, Minh Tran, Jon Peters, Joel Guo, Michael J. Morton, John E. Bowers
Summary: This paper introduces a new Integrated Coherent Tunable Laser (ICTL) that offers ultra-wideband wavelength tuning and ultra-low noise performance. The ICTL is designed to be cost-effective and reliable through its utilization of III-V material and a CMOS foundry based Silicon Photonics platform. The ICTL's exceptional laser reflector performance, extended laser cavity length, and low linewidth and phase noise enable highly-coherent output. The ICTL has achieved record integrated laser performance and shows great potential for next-generation applications such as WDM transmission systems, fiber-optic and medical-wearable sensing systems, and automotive LiDAR systems.
JOURNAL OF LIGHTWAVE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Jiawei Wang, Kaikai Liu, Mark W. Harrington, Ryan Q. Rudy, Daniel J. Blumenthal
Summary: Modulation-based control is a common function in many applications. This study presents the integration of a piezo-electric actuated micro-ring modulation in a silicon nitride platform, which offers low loss, wide bandwidth, and low power consumption. The modulator demonstrates control applications in laser stabilization and laser carrier tracking filter.
Article
Optics
Kaikai Liu, Nitesh Chauhan, Jiawei Wang, Andrei Isichenko, Grant M. Brodnik, Paul A. Morton, Ryan O. Behunin, Scott B. Papp, Daniel J. Blumenthal
Summary: Laser stabilization is crucial for precision scientific experiments and applications. This study presents a significant advancement in integrated laser linewidth narrowing and noise reduction using a photonic integrated coil resonator to stabilize a semiconductor laser.
Article
Optics
Kaikai Liu, John H. Dallyn, Grant M. Brodnik, Andrei Isichenko, Mark W. Harrington, Nitesh Chauhan, Debapam Bose, Paul A. Morton, Scott B. Papp, Ryan O. Behunin, Daniel J. Blumenthal
Summary: The research reports a significant advancement in the integration of stabilized lasers, where a waveguide Brillouin laser was stabilized to a waveguide reference cavity using the same CMOS-compatible integration platform. The achieved performance demonstrates high stability and low noise for various applications.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ashish Chanana, Hugo Larocque, Renan Moreira, Jacques Carolan, Biswarup Guha, Emerson G. Melo, Vikas Anant, Jindong Song, Dirk Englund, Daniel J. Blumenthal, Kartik Srinivasan, Marcelo Davanco
Summary: Researchers have successfully integrated a quantum emitter single-photon source with an ultra-low loss silicon nitride photonic circuit, demonstrating triggered and pure single-photon emission. This advancement is a step forward in the development of scaled chip-integrated photonic quantum information systems.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Optics
Jiawei Wang, Kaikai Liu, Andrei Isichenko, Ryan Q. Ryan, Daniel J. Blumenthal
Summary: Photonic molecules can simulate states of matter and have applications in quantum, linear, and nonlinear optical systems. In this work, a controllable silicon nitride integrated photonic molecule with three strongly coupled ring resonators was demonstrated using ultralow-power tuning mechanisms. The design achieved high-resolution energy state engineering, with narrow linewidths, improved resonance splitting-to-width ratio, and low power consumption. These results open the door to a wide range of applications including tunable lasers, dispersion engineering, and atomic and quantum photonics.
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Kaikai Liu, Nitesh Chauhan, Jiawei Wang, Andrei Isichenko, Grant M. Brodnik, Paul A. Morton, Ryan Behunin, Scott B. Papp, Daniel J. Blumenthal
Summary: We achieve thermorefractive-noise-limited frequency noise by stabilizing a semiconductor laser to a photonic-integrated, Si3N4, 4 meter coil resonator. The laser exhibits record low linewidth and high fractional frequency stability.
2022 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION (OFC)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Daniel J. Blumenthal
Summary: This paper discusses the progress towards integrating aspects of frequency-stabilized, spectrally-pure lasers to the chip-scale using Si3N4 Brillouin lasers and ultra-high Q resonators.
2022 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION (OFC)
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Grant M. Brodnik, Mark W. Harrington, John H. Dallyn, Debapam Bose, Wei Zhang, Liron Stern, Paul A. Morton, Ryan A. Behunin, Scott B. Papp, Daniel J. Blumenthal
Summary: We present chip-scale lasers with narrow linewidths and high stability, suitable for high-capacity coherent communications in tomorrow's data center interconnects, enabling low residual phase error without the need for DSP.
2022 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION (OFC)
(2022)
Article
Optics
John H. Dallyn, Kaikai Liu, Mark W. Harrington, Grant M. Brodnik, Peter T. Rakich, Daniel J. Blumenthal, Ryan O. Behunin
Summary: Due to their highly coherent emission and compact form factor, Brillouin lasers have various applications, but noise has been a challenging issue. By developing a coupled-mode theory, a better understanding of Brillouin laser performance can be achieved, leading to strategies for improving its performance.
