Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Irem Metin-Orta
Summary: Sexual prejudice refers to negative attitudes towards individuals based on their sexual orientation. The study found that social dominance orientation, femininity (among females), and masculinity (among males) are positively related to prejudiced attitudes toward gay men and lesbians. It was also discovered that social dominance orientation interacts with femininity, but not with masculinity, in predicting sexual prejudice.
CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anna Favati, Hanne Lovlie, Olof Leimar
Summary: The study found that social experience positively influences contest success in male domestic fowl, but aggression and morphological traits also play an important role.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Jessica E. Deakin, Christopher G. Guglielmo, Yolanda E. Morbey
Summary: This study aimed to explore how the social environment influences the spring migration traits of male yellow-rumped warblers. The results showed that sex ratio did not affect body mass or molt progression, but males in the male-biased treatment exhibited significantly less locomotor movement. These findings suggest that the social environment can impact the behavior of songbirds, but do not support the hypothesis that a male-biased sex ratio accelerates migration.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Rebecca J. Lewis, E. Christopher Kirk, Ashley D. Gosselin-Ildari
Summary: This study examines intersexual power dynamics in primates and finds that while male-biased power is most common, there are societies without such bias. Factors such as differing fighting ability and mating opportunities contribute to power imbalances. Male-biased power is associated with males being larger and more females in social groups, while non-male-biased power is associated with a higher demand for mating opportunities with females. Non-male-biased power has evolved independently multiple times in primates.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Yuanxin Wang
Summary: This study examines the relationship between social factors (perceived social injustice and social dominance orientation) and the likelihood of cyberbullying. Online experiments with adult samples from the USA and China tested the impact of these factors on cyberbullying likelihood using hypothetical social injustice scenarios in the workplace. The results show that perceived distributive injustice positively predicts cyberbullying likelihood, while social dominance orientation negatively predicts perceived social injustice and positively predicts cyberbullying likelihood. There was only one significant difference between the USA and Chinese samples. These findings suggest that social factors can influence cyberbullying dynamics across different nationalities.
COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alberto Alesina, Sebastian Hohmann, Stelios Michalopoulos, Elias Papaioannou
Summary: The people and leaders of Africa have always viewed education as a catalyst for development and freedom. This view is supported by international institutions, as education provides significant economic and non-economic benefits, especially in low-income areas. This study examines the educational progress across different religious groups in postcolonial Africa, with a focus on Christian and Muslim communities. The findings show that Christians have better educational outcomes compared to Traditionalists and Muslims, even among households with similar economic and family backgrounds. Furthermore, Muslims have lower internal mobility, residing in less urbanized and remote areas with limited infrastructure, which contributes to the educational gap between Christians and Muslims.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Karel Cada, Olga Gheorghiev
Summary: This study examines parents' preference for school segregation and its association with social dominance orientation, intergroup contacts, belief in traditional schooling, and the absence of Roma children in school. The results suggest that ethnically motivated school withdrawal is a result of individual attitudes and situational factors.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Yixiao Luo, Penghui Zhao, Mengxiao Dou, Jiawen Mao, Ge Zhang, Yujiao Su, Qingqun Wang, Qian Wang, Yurun Wang, Ruoxuan Sun, Tingxuan Liu, Miao Gong, Yuan Gao, Xi Yin, Li Song, Haishui Shi
Summary: The study found that TMAO can influence social behaviors in mice by regulating metabolites in the hippocampus, leading to decreased social rank and reduced sexual preference. This suggests that gut microbiota may play a role in regulating social behaviors.
Article
Zoology
Keiichi Kakui, Chizue Hiruta
Summary: This study discovered a new species of Malacostraca that is simultaneously hermaphroditic, and investigated the allometry of chelipeds in two similar species. The results showed differential masculinization of the chelipeds between the two species.
ZOOLOGISCHER ANZEIGER
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Susan Cassels, Alison Cerezo, Sean C. Reid, David B. Rivera, Colin Loustalot, Dan Meltzer
Summary: Geographic mobility has a significant impact on the sexual risk and health behaviors of Latinx migrant men who have sex with men (MSM), including social environment, interpersonal factors, geographic factors and pathways, cultural factors, and structural factors. These findings can contribute to the development of effective health policies and HIV reduction efforts for this population.
SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Patrick A. Rodgers, Hall Sawyer, Tony W. Mong, Sam Stephens, Matthew J. Kauffman
Summary: Sexual segregation theory, including the forage-selection hypothesis and the reproductive strategy hypothesis, applies to migratory periods, with male and female mule deer exhibiting clear sex-specific migratory behaviors.
Article
Zoology
L. K. D. Katsis, D. M. Linton, D. W. Macdonald
Summary: Research on vespertilionid bats revealed that males and non-breeding females are often segregated from large maternity groups, while breeding females are separated from non-breeding females and males during the lactation period. Factors such as group size, female reproductive condition, and time period were found to be key factors associated with sexual segregation within bat roosts. This study contributes valuable insights into inter- and intra-sexual segregation in vespertilionid bats and suggests that sexual size dimorphism is not a prerequisite for sexual segregation.
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Jacqueline L. Sztepanacz, David Houle
Summary: Sexual dimorphism is widely believed to be an adaptive trait, with males and females evolving towards different fitness optima. Evolution of sexual size dimorphism, shape dimorphism, and their allometric relationship were investigated in 82 taxa in the family Drosophilidae, showing remarkable similarities in shape dimorphism among species and quantitative variation in both size and shape dimorphism. The evolution of dimorphism was constrained by allometry for some traits, but was evolutionarily labile in others, suggesting different evolutionary optima among species over millions of years.
Article
Biology
Glauco Machado, Bruno A. Buzatto, Diogo S. M. Samia
Summary: In many species, sexual dimorphism increases with body size when males are the larger sex but decreases when females are the larger sex, a macro-evolutionary pattern known as Rensch's rule. In this study, it was found that males were slightly smaller than females and body size did not follow Rensch's rule, whereas the length of the fourth pair of legs in males followed Rensch's rule. It is suggested that sexual selection might be stronger on the length of the fourth pair of legs than on body size in males, and the potential role of condition dependence in the emergence of Rensch's rule is discussed.
Article
Sociology
Peng Huang, Carter T. Butts
Summary: This article examines the social forces that limit migration, focusing on internal migration in the United States. By proposing a systemic, network model of migration flows, the study reveals the pattern of segmented immobility, where fewer people migrate between counties with dissimilar political contexts, levels of urbanization, and racial compositions. The findings suggest that approximately 27% more intercounty migrants could be observed if the segmented immobility mechanisms were not in place.
AMERICAN SOCIOLOGICAL REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Ornithology
Dries van de Loock, Diederik Strubbe, Koen W. Thijs, Thomas van de Peer, Liesbeth De Neve, Mwangi Githiru, Erik Matthysen, Luc Lens
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Irene M. van Schrojenstein Lantman, Lionel R. Hertzog, Martijn L. Vandegehuchte, An Martel, Kris Verheyen, Luc Lens, Dries Bonte
INSECT CONSERVATION AND DIVERSITY
(2020)
Article
Fisheries
Nicolas Vanermen, Wouter Courtens, Robin Daelennans, Luc Lens, Wendt Muller, Marc Van de Walle, Hilbran Verstraete, Eric W. M. Stienen
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2020)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
James J. Waggitt, Peter G. H. Evans, Joana Andrade, Alex N. Banks, Oliver Boisseau, Mark Bolton, Gareth Bradbury, Tom Brereton, Cornelis Jan Camphuysen, Jan Durinck, Tom Felce, Ruben Christiaan Fijn, Isabel Garcia-Baron, Stefan Garthe, Steve C. V. Geelhoed, Anita Gilles, Martin Goodall, Jan Haelters, Sally Hamilton, Lauren Hartny-Mills, Nicola Hodgins, Kathy James, Mark Jessopp, Ailbhe S. Kavanagh, Mardik Leopold, Katrin Lohrengel, Maite Louzao, Nele Markones, Jose Martinez-Cedeira, Oliver O. Cadhla, Sarah L. Perry, Graham J. Pierce, Vincent Ridoux, Kevin P. Robinson, M. Begona Santos, Camilo Saavedra, Henrik Skov, Eric W. M. Stienen, Signe Sveegaard, Paul Thompson, Nicolas Vanermen, Dave Wall, Andy Webb, Jared Wilson, Sarah Wanless, Jan Geert Hiddink
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Michiel Stock, Bac Nguyen, Wouter Courtens, Hilbran Verstraete, Eric Stienen, Bernard De Baets
Summary: Studying the diet of seabirds can provide valuable insights into the status of important fish species, and a deep convolutional neural network has shown high accuracy in identifying fish species based on otolith images, outperforming traditional methods and being more practical to implement.
COMPUTERS AND ELECTRONICS IN AGRICULTURE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
J. Morgan Brown, E. Emiel van Loon, Willem Bouten, Kees C. J. Camphuysen, Luc Lens, Wendt Mueller, Chris B. Thaxter, Judy Shamoun-Baranes
Summary: The study found that lesser black-backed gulls exhibit consistent individual strategies for non-breeding distributions, winter site fidelity, migration routes, and timing of migration, regardless of migration distance. However, there are still individual differences in behavior, and these differences are not related to migration distance. This suggests that individuals have the capacity to adjust to current conditions within their individual strategies, and occasionally even change their strategy.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ferehiwot Mequanint, Alemayehu Wassie, Shimeles Aynalem, Enyew Adgo, Jan Nyssen, Amaury Frankl, Bart Muys, Luc Lens, Diederik Strubbe
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Evy Goossens, Roschong Boonyarittichaikij, Daan Dekeukeleire, Sarah Van Praet, Dries Bonte, Kris Verheyen, Luc Lens, An Martel, Elin Verbrugghe
Summary: The study analyzed the gut microbiome of the Eurasian nuthatch, revealing high inter-individual variation at different taxonomic levels and distinct differences compared to the great tit microbiome.
ARCHIVES OF MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Victor Martin-Velez, Casper H. A. van Leeuwen, Marta I. Sanchez, Francisco Hortas, Judy Shamoun-Baranes, Chris B. Thaxter, Luc Lens, Cornelis J. Camphuysen, Andy J. Green
Summary: Non-frugivorous waterbirds play a crucial role in dispersing weed plants over long distances, exchanging species between human-dominated and natural areas. The study demonstrates that about 92% of weed seeds are dispersed within the birds' activity area, while the remaining 8% reach other habitats, with 42% reaching moist environments suitable for weed establishment. This research emphasizes the significance of non-frugivorous birds in long-distance plant dispersal, an often overlooked mechanism in weed plant expansion studies.
JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Annelies De Cuyper, Marcus Clauss, Luc Lens, Diederik Strubbe, Andreas Zedrosser, Sam Steyaert, Arturo Munoz Saravia, Geert P. J. Janssens
Summary: Grading fecal consistency of carnivores is commonly used to monitor gut health and digestion, but there is currently no such system for brown bears. This study aimed to establish a scoring system for brown bears based on a diet study, showing a close relationship between fecal consistency and diet components.
Article
Ornithology
Charles B. van Rees, David Aragones, Willem Bouten, Chris B. Thaxter, Eric W. M. Stienen, Javier Bustamante, Andy J. Green
Summary: Research on the space use and behavior of waterbirds reveals the dynamic changes in their interactions with human activities in anthropogenic landscapes, highlighting the influence of human activities on ecologically important bio-vectors such as gulls.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jan A. van Franeker, Susanne Kuhn, Tycho Anker-Nilssen, Ewan W. J. Edwards, Fabrice Gallien, Nils Guse, Jenni E. Kakkonen, Mark L. Mallory, Will Miles, Kare Olav Olsen, John Pedersen, Jennifer Provencher, Mervyn Roos, Eric Stienen, Daniel M. Turner, Willem M. G. M. van Loon
Summary: Monitoring plastic ingestion in stomachs of beached northern fulmars for OSPAR's EcoQOs has been integrated into the MSFD in Europe. The study aims to provide tools to interpret monitoring results and establish a threshold value (Fulmar-TV) for achieving "Good Environmental Status". Results indicate a significant decrease in plastic ingestion in North Sea fulmars over the period, with a predicted compliance with Fulmar-TV by 2054.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Jan M. Baert, Eric W. M. Stienen, Frederick Verbruggen, Nico van de Weghe, Luc Lens, Wendt Mueller
Summary: Individual niche variation is common within animal populations and may temporally vary due to behavioural plasticity. This study found that breeding female lesser black-backed gulls showed pronounced shifts in habitat use and almost disappeared individual variation in foraging behavior during the breeding season, which suggests a complex interplay between competitive constraints, resource reliability, and shifting time- and energy budges in shaping temporal dynamics in individual niche variation.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Arne Deknock, Frank Pasmans, Robby van Leeuwenberg, Sarah Van Praet, Stijn Bruneel, Luc Lens, Siska Croubels, An Martel, Peter Goethals
Summary: This study found that Daphnia spp. are effective at removing Bd zoospores, while high concentrations of the algae P. subcapitata may interfere with pathogen removal rates. It suggests potential management actions for biological disease mitigation, with the goal of optimizing conditions for filter feeders like Daphnia to reduce pathogen densities and infection pressure in amphibian hosts. Additional field trials are needed to further confirm these findings and evaluate the impact of intervention actions.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Annelies De Cuyper, Diederik Strubbe, Marcus Clauss, Luc Lens, Andreas Zedrosser, Sam Steyaert, Leen Verbist, Geert P. J. Janssens
Summary: The nutrient composition in the diet of brown bears has metabolic significance and is related to their foraging behavior. The study found that brown bears have a diet dominated by vertebrates and ants in spring and early summer, and berries in fall, resulting in protein-rich and carbohydrate-rich diets, respectively. Although there were differences in dietary ingredient proportions between reproductive classes, the nutrient concentrations in the diet were similar, indicating that bears are able to maintain a consistent nutrient profile by selecting different ingredients. The study also showed that the bears' diets provided sufficient glucogenic substrate for efficient metabolism throughout the year, suggesting either a driving force of metabolic efficiency in diet selection or abundant natural resources available to the bears.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
