Article
Fisheries
R. B. Dixon, T. S. Murray, B. Q. Mann, P. D. Cowley, G. L. Jordaan
Summary: This study examined the coastal movements of Giant trevally Caranx ignobilis from southern Africa using data from South Africa's citizen science tag-recapture project. The majority of fish were found to stay within 1 km of their tagging location, but some individuals were capable of long-distance movements of up to 419 km. Adult fish showed greater movement distances compared to juveniles, but both exhibited high levels of site fidelity. Seasonal trends indicated a summer migration from South Africa to southern Mozambique, but no transboundary movements were recorded. Further research is needed to determine the extent of transboundary migration within the population and assess potential vulnerability to overfishing in foreign waters.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Jamie M. Cornelius, Thomas P. Hahn, Ashley R. Robart, Ben J. Vernasco, Dorothy L. Zahor, Kenneth J. Glynn, Corrie J. Navis, Heather E. Watts
Summary: This study found that the seasonal fat deposition in facultative migrants is associated with their migratory tendency, with larger fat deposits corresponding to more predictable annual movements. Differences in seasonal fattening and wing loading among red crossbill ecotypes suggest potential differences in migratory biology.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Pavla Debeljak, Barbara Bayer, Ying Sun, Gerhard J. Herndl, Ingrid Obernosterer
Summary: The study reveals seasonal changes in the microbial requirements of organic carbon and iron in the Southern Ocean. Different microbial taxa and different water regimes show variations in the expression levels of membrane transporters for carbon and iron. These findings provide new insights into the cycling of carbon and iron in the Southern Ocean under varying nutrient regimes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi Song, Matthew Ruffalo, Ziv Bar-Joseph
Summary: Inference of global gene regulatory networks from omics data is a long-term goal of systems biology. We developed a new computational method that combines neural networks and multi-task learning to predict RNA velocity rather than gene expression values. Application of our method to atlas scale single cell data from 6 HuBMAP tissues led to several validated and novel predictions and greatly improved on prior methods proposed for this task.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Urban Studies
Amanuel Isak Tewolde
Summary: Studies on racial residential segregation in South Africa have largely overlooked the racialised settlement patterns and lived experiences of Black African migrants post-apartheid. Despite an increase in immigration from the African continent for over two decades, Black African migrants in inner-city neighborhoods of Pretoria are still racially segregated from other groups, reflecting South Africa's neoliberal migration policies.
Article
Ecology
Dipanjan Naha, Stephanie Periquet, J. Werner Kilian, Caitlin A. Kupferman, Tammy Hoth-Hanssen, James C. Beasley
Summary: The erection of peripheral fences around protected areas can negatively impact the movement behavior and genetic connectivity of animal populations. However, fencing can also help reduce human encroachment and mitigate conflicts between humans and wildlife. There is limited information on carnivore movement behavior along the periphery of protected areas, especially in semi-arid environments.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Marie Ely Piceno, Laura Rodriguez-Navas, Jose Luis Balcazar
Summary: The research demonstrates the visualization of hierarchical co-occurrence patterns between medical data items using graph decomposition techniques, based on Gaifman graphs and specific variants. The construction of the Gaifman graphs from a dataset is based on the co-occurrence of items in the dataset, and discretization on the edge labels can help target different Gaifman graph variants for visual information about data co-occurrences.
COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
S. Brands, J. A. Fernandez-Granja, J. Bedia, A. Casanueva, J. Fernandez
Summary: The performance of 61 global climate models in the Southern Hemisphere extratropics is evaluated, with a focus on typical regional-scale atmospheric circulation patterns. The results show that the average error and ranking position is similar for most models in both hemispheres, indicating no systematic tuning bias. CMIP6 models perform better on average than CMIP5 models and higher resolution in the atmosphere is associated with better performance.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
James M. Anderson, Alyssa J. Clevenstine, Brian S. Stirling, Echelle S. Burns, Emily N. Meese, Connor F. White, Ryan K. Logan, John O'Sullivan, Patrick T. Rex, Jack May, Kady Lyons, Chuck Winkler, Emiliano Garcia-Rodriguez, Oscar Sosa-Nishizaki, Christopher G. Lowe
Summary: Many species form periodic aggregations not driven by social attraction; juvenile white sharks may form distinct communities in early ontogeny; social network analysis of tagged juvenile white sharks suggests non-resource driven co-occurrence and community structure during early life stages.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Josh Smeraldi, Linda Y. Tseng, Ishir Dutta, Rajagopalan Ganesh, Diego Rosso
Summary: This study examines the behavior, removal, and size distribution of suspended particles in wastewater treatment plants. It found that current treatment processes are not efficient in removing nano-sized particles, and there is a significant correlation between influent dissolved COD and the abundance of suspended particles. Managing dissolved COD may help control nano-sized particle production.
WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Oceanography
Peng Qi, Yun-xia Guo
Summary: This study investigates the seasonal to interannual variations of large-scale patterns in the southern East China Sea using reanalysis data. The results show significant interannual variability in the contradicted intrusions of shelf water and Kuroshio, which mainly occur during winter and early spring.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-OCEANS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Oluwasola Abayomi Adelusi, Sefater Gbashi, Janet Adeyinka Adebiyi, Rhulani Makhuvele, Adeola Oluwakemi Aasa, Oluwaseun Mary Oladeji, Minenhle Khoza, Sheila Okoth, Patrick Berka Njobeh
Summary: This study investigated the fungal contamination in smallholder dairy cattle feeds in South Africa and assessed the impacts of seasonal variation. The results showed higher fungal contamination levels and diversity in summer compared to winter.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yingxin Lin, Yue Cao, Elijah Willie, Ellis Patrick, Jean Y. H. Yang
Summary: The emergence of multi-sample multi-condition single-cell multi-cohort studies allows researchers to investigate different cell states. The algorithm scMerge2 enables integration and analysis of large-scale single-cell datasets, revealing accurate signatures of disease progression and removing dataset variability in various single-cell profiling technologies.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Family Studies
Ruvimbo Machaka, Ruth Barley, Laura Serrant, Penny Furness, Margaret Dunham
Summary: The Global North has been a popular destination for migrants from the Global South, who rely on cultural and religious beliefs to raise their children. However, research shows a need for more support in ensuring children's health and well-being.
JOURNAL OF CHILD AND FAMILY STUDIES
(2021)
Article
Soil Science
C. Miti, V. Mbanyele, T. Mtangadura, N. Magwero, W. Namaona, K. Njira, I. Sandram, P. N. Lubinga, C. B. Chisanga, P. C. Nalivata, J. G. Chimungu, H. Nezomba, E. Phiri, R. M. Lark
Summary: This study investigates the evaluation of pedotransfer functions (PTFs) using legacy data in new regions, particularly focusing on the challenges arising from non-random sampling and clustering at multiple scales. By evaluating soil moisture content predictions at different spatial scales, it is found that PTFs calibrated with tropical domain data generally perform better, but not all of them. The study also reveals that PTFs capturing regional-scale variation may not necessarily be useful for predicting variation within a profile, considering the spatial clustering of the data.