Home blood pressure variability on one occasion is a novel factor associated with arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes

Recent studies have suggested that not only mean blood pressure but also variability in blood pressure might be related to cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between home blood pressure variability on one occasion and markers of arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes. We investigated the relationship between the s.d. of clinic-or home-measured systolic blood pressure on one occasion and pulse wave velocity (PWV) in 332 patients with type 2 diabetes, and we evaluated whether the SD of clinic-or home-measured systolic blood pressure on one occasion was an independent determinant of PWV by multivariate linear regression analysis, after adjustment for known risk factors for arterial stiffness, including sex, age, duration of diabetes, body mass index, hemoglobin A1c, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, smoking status, drinking alcohol, presence of antihypertensive medication, average systolic blood pressure and heart rate. Age, average morning home-measured systolic blood pressure, heart rate and PWV (r = 0.259, P < 0.0001) were positively correlated with the s.d. of morning home blood pressure on one occasion. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that age, average morning home-measured systolic blood pressure (P = 0.0019), heart rate and the s.d. of morning home-measured systolic blood pressure on one occasion (P = 0.0159) were independently associated with PWV. In conclusion, home blood pressure variability on one occasion was correlated with PWV, independent of other known risk factors, in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Hypertension Research (2013) 36, 219-225; doi: 10.1038/hr.2012.177; published online 25 October 2012