Article
Energy & Fuels
Xuejing Zheng, Boxiao Xu, Yaran Wang, Shijun You, Huan Zhang, Shen Wei, Na Wang
Summary: Two hydraulic transient models (DPM and LPM) and efficient numerical algorithms were established and applied to a large-scale DH network for simulating and analyzing network hydraulic transients caused by valve and pump operations. The DPM can capture high-frequency hydraulic transients subtly, while the LPM can only describe average hydraulic fluctuations. The computation time of LPM is shorter due to neglecting pressure waves and fluid compressibility.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GRIDS & NETWORKS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Mostafa Farrag, Gerald Corzo Perez, Dimitri Solomatine
Summary: The research focuses on the complexity and effectiveness of grid-based spatial hydrological models, and finds that spatial resolution and routing method choices have significant impacts on model results through experiments and theoretical analysis.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Kang Xie, Pan Liu, Jianyun Zhang, Guoqing Wang, Xiaojing Zhang, Liting Zhou
Summary: The study introduces a new calibration strategy, DAKG, to improve the accuracy and reduce the complexity of distributed hydrological models. Important model parameters are identified through sensitivity analysis, and fewer grid points are selected to reduce parameter dimensionality.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jenny Kupzig, Robert Reinecke, Francesca Pianosi, Martina Floerke, Thorsten Wagener
Summary: Global hydrological models (GHMs) provide important information for simulating water cycles and supporting decision-making. However, inaccuracies in GHM simulations can hinder valuable decision support. In this study, we introduce a transparent and efficient method to understand parameter control in GHMs and improve parameter estimation using global sensitivity analysis (GSA). Our findings show that traditionally neglected model parameters have a significant influence on GHM simulations, and basin attributes explain the spatial variability of parameter importance better than climate zones. Overall, our results demonstrate the effectiveness of GSA in guiding parameter estimation and improving the accuracy of GHM simulations.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Jing-Tong Na, Chun-Dong Xue, Yan-Xia Wang, Yong-Jiang Li, Yu Wang, Bo Liu, Kai-Rong Qin
Summary: Generating precise in vivo arterial endothelial hemodynamic microenvironments using microfluidics is crucial for investigating endothelial mechanobiology. This study proposes a hemodynamic similarity principle to obtain the input impedance of the microfluidic system in vitro from that of the arterial system in vivo, allowing for the precise generation of desired endothelial hemodynamic microenvironments.
Article
Engineering, Civil
Yangshuo Shen, Shuo Wang, Boen Zhang, Jinxin Zhu
Summary: This paper presents a stochastic hydrological modeling system (SHMS) for improving daily streamflow prediction by explicitly addressing uncertainties in error and model parameters as well as in forcing data and model outputs. The SHMS merges the strengths of the ensemble Kalman filter and the particle filter algorithms for improving the effectiveness and robustness of daily streamflow assimilation. The SHMS has been applied to the Guadalupe River basin located in Texas of the United States to demonstrate feasibility and applicability, and the findings show its superiority over other models.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Thermodynamics
Jie Lin, Kyaw Thu, Somasundaram Karthik, Muhammad Wakil Shahzad, Ruzhu Wang, Kian Jon Chua
Summary: This study investigates the transient behavior of a dew point evaporative cooler and its impact on dynamic cooling performance. It is found that the product air temperature has a large time constant under zero-state response, leading to deviation of cooling performance over a long period. By developing models and conducting exergy analysis, it is revealed that air mixing process in the dry channel contributes to the slow transient responses, highlighting the importance of considering transient behavior in cooler design and optimization.
ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Rodric Merime Nonki, Ernest Amoussou, Andre Lenouo, Raphael Muamba Tshimanga, Constant Houndenou
Summary: This study evaluates the feasibility of applying the daily time-step conceptual-lumped model HYMOD to the Headwaters Benue River Basin for future water resource management. Both local and global sensitivity analysis approaches are used to determine the most influential model parameters and assess model performance. The results show that well-constrained parameters lead to reduced model uncertainties and improved model performance. The study also confirms the good performance of the HYMOD in estimating long time-series of river discharges in the study area.
HYDROLOGY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Xu Zhong, Dong Zhang
Summary: Attenuation and latency are important performance indicators of earmuffs, and a lumped parameter model can be used to predict these two performances. By decreasing the stiffness, damping, and air stiffness of the earmuff cushion, or increasing the mass of the earmuff, a longer passive latency can be achieved.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jermiah J. Joseph, Timothy J. Hunter, Clara Sun, Daniel Goldman, Sanjay R. Kharche, Christopher W. McIntyre
Summary: This study developed a mathematical model of human circulation and dialysis, and explored the mechanisms of therapeutic hypothermia. It also suggested clinical measurables that may be used to diagnose underlying diseases.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiaoning Wang, Yili Hu, Jianping Li, Jijie Ma, Nen Wan, Jianming Wen, Tinghai Cheng
Summary: In this study, a triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) with a double-float structure is proposed for real-time monitoring of wave hydrology. The experiments show that the TENG is effective in measuring wave height, motion frequency, motion period, and vertical speed, even in the presence of environmental factors. The proposed frequency-domain parameter Ns shows great robustness and a linear relationship with wave height.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Kirsten E. Faulkner, Bryant C. Jurgens, Stefan A. Voss, Danielle I. Dupuy, Zeno F. Levy
Summary: This study investigates the penetration depth of post-1950s recharge in aquifers to identify groundwater vulnerable to human contamination. The study uses a four-dimensional approach to compute, interpolate, and project the depth values across time in the Central Valley aquifer system in California. The results show that the penetration depth is expected to increase in the future, which may lead to an increase in anthropogenic contaminants.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Jiade Qiu, Xin Chen, Dengfeng Wu, Xianren Zhang, Daojian Cheng
Summary: Based on the generalized Darcy model, a linear one-dimensional (1D) composite model is developed to predict the effects of the inserted balloon on blood flow dynamics in flexible arterial networks during REBOA operations. The model considers the decrease of cardiac output under different degrees of blood loss and incorporates the effect of the inserted balloon using a neural network approach. The accuracy of the 1D composite model is verified through comparison with computational fluid dynamics simulations and it is proven to reproduce the main features of the systemic circulation under balloon occlusion during REBOA surgery. The model's ability to provide instant predictions of working parameters during RABOA operations is particularly valuable.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jingjing Wang, Hongkai Gao, Min Liu, Yongjian Ding, Yan Wang, Fang Zhao, Jun Xia
Summary: Global hydrological models (GHMs) are important tools for addressing worldwide change-related water resource problems, but have been hindered by low accuracy. The newly-developed FLEX-Global model, based on regionalized parameters, significantly improves streamflow simulation accuracy, especially in tropical and dry climate zones.
SCIENCE CHINA-EARTH SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Han Yang, Lihua Xiong, Dedi Liu, Lei Cheng, Jie Chen
Summary: This study assimilated multiple remote-sensed PSM data into a high spatial resolution distributed hydrological model, generating high-resolution PSM estimations which were found to be more accurate than both the original remote-sensed PSM data and the model-simulated PSM. The assimilation of the SMAP PSM dataset into the model showed potential for improving streamflow simulations for the studied catchments.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zhenzhong Zeng, Dashan Wang, Long Yang, Jie Wu, Alan D. Ziegler, Maofeng Liu, Philippe Ciais, Timothy D. Searchinger, Zong-Liang Yang, Deliang Chen, Anping Chen, Laurent Z. X. Li, Shilong Piao, David Taylor, Xitian Cai, Ming Pan, Liqing Peng, Peirong Lin, Drew Gower, Yu Feng, Chunmiao Zheng, Kaiyu Guan, Xu Lian, Tao Wang, Lang Wang, Su-Jong Jeong, Zhongwang Wei, Justin Sheffield, Kelly Caylor, Eric F. Wood
Summary: Deforestation in tropical mountain regions causes elevation-dependent warming, with the impact varying depending on altitude's role in albedo and evapotranspiration. The warming effect of deforestation decreases with higher elevation, affecting crop yields, land degradation, and nearby ecosystems, suggesting the need for future assessments to incorporate these additional impacts.
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Jared McLean, Sean B. Cleveland, Michael Dodge, Matthew P. Lucas, Ryan J. Longman, Thomas W. Giambelluca, Gwen A. Jacobs
Summary: This article discusses the technologies and implementation of a climate data portal that provides access to climatological data and resources, with a focus on the state of Hawai'i. The portal allows interactive access to and visualization of historical and near-real-time gridded maps and sensor station observational data.
CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE
(2023)
Article
Water Resources
Sorain J. Ramchunder, Denitza D. Voutchkova, Elvagris Segovia Estrada, C. Joon Chuah, Jaivime Evaristo, Daniel Ng, Yixiong Cai, Rachel Y. T. Koh, Alan D. Ziegler
Summary: By monitoring hydrochemical changes, we investigated the processes contributing to periodic acidification events in headwater streams of Nee Soon Forest Catchment (NSFC) in Singapore. The stream chemistry response to rainfall events showed a decrease in pH and an increase in electrical conductivity, indicating low-total dissolved solids in stormflow. The decrease in pH in the streams was related to acidic rainfall inputs and the flushing of organic acids into the stream.
HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Canh Tien Trinh Nguyen, Patrick Moss, Robert J. Wasson, Philip Stewart, Alan D. Ziegler
Summary: The study of pollen, microcharcoal, and sediment materials in the Nee Soon Freshwater Swamp Forest in Singapore revealed its over 20,000-year history, including the presence of a savanna corridor during the Last Glacial Maximum, evidence of dryer climate and fires, missing sediments likely due to construction work in the 1950s, sea-level influences, and the swamp not being a peatland. The forest in this protected area of Singapore developed from a grassland-dominated landscape after the Last Glacial Maximum, possibly making it less resilient to long-term drought conditions, and the swamp and stream system show high levels of dynamism.
JOURNAL OF QUATERNARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
K. M. Fandrich, O. Elison Timm, C. Zhang, T. W. Giambelluca
Summary: This article examines the effects of anthropogenic forcing and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) on near-term climate projections for the Hawaiian Islands. The results show that anthropogenic forcing leads to increased surface air temperature and rainfall, while the PDO has an opposite effect on rainfall patterns, causing some areas to become drier. However, natural variability continues to contribute to uncertainty in near-term rainfall projections.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaowen Huang, Dashan Wang, Alan D. Ziegler, Xiaoping Liu, Hui Zeng, Zhibo Xu, Zhenzhong Zeng
Summary: The impact of rapid urbanization on the spatiotemporal pattern of short-term extreme precipitation in China varies across different regions, with urban areas experiencing more extreme precipitation than suburbs. Urbanization also increases extreme precipitation during peak times in diurnal cycles. These patterns should be considered when assessing the risk of increased waterlogging and flash flooding in urban areas.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yu Feng, Zhenzhong Zeng, Timothy D. Searchinger, Alan D. Ziegler, Jie Wu, Dashan Wang, Xinyue He, Paul R. Elsen, Philippe Ciais, Rongrong Xu, Zhilin Guo, Liqing Peng, Yiheng Tao, Dominick Spracklen, Joseph Holden, Xiaoping Liu, Yi Zheng, Peng Xu, Ji Chen, Xin Jiang, Xiao-Peng Song, Venkataraman Lakshmi, Eric F. Wood, Chunmiao Zheng
Summary: This study used high-resolution satellite data to show the doubling of global tropical forest carbon loss in the twenty-first century, primarily driven by large-scale commodity and small-scale agriculture activities. The findings highlight the failure of existing strategies to reduce forest loss and the importance of monitoring deforestation trends.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Junyu Zou, Alan D. Ziegler, Deliang Chen, Gavin McNicol, Philippe Ciais, Xin Jiang, Chunmiao Zheng, Jie Wu, Jin Wu, Ziyu Lin, Xinyue He, Lee E. Brown, Joseph Holden, Zuotai Zhang, Sorain J. Ramchunder, Anping Chen, Zhenzhong Zeng
Summary: Carbon and nitrogen losses from degraded wetlands and methane emissions from flooded wetlands are important factors contributing to greenhouse gas emissions. The study shows that greenhouse gas emissions from wetlands are lowest when the water table is near the surface. Re-wetting wetlands can significantly reduce future emissions.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Shijing Liang, Dashan Wang, Alan D. Ziegler, Laurent Z. X. Li, Zhenzhong Zeng
Summary: The sixth assessment report of the IPCC indicates regional inconsistency in trends of extreme rainfall in the tropics, where the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO) plays a key role in intra-seasonal variations of weather. This study, using multiple models, finds that extreme rainfall in tropical Asia and Australia could increase by nearly 60% by the end of the 21st century under fossil-fueled warming scenario. Approximately 84% of this change is associated with MJO-induced extreme rainfall. The increase in extreme rainfall is influenced by the asymmetric changes in MJO phase characteristics.
NPJ CLIMATE AND ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiayu Xu, Junyu Zou, Alan D. Ziegler, Jie Wu, Zhenzhong Zeng
Summary: The capacity factor (CF) is an important parameter for measuring the performance and efficiency of wind turbines. This research utilizes a data-driven statistical method to study the impact of turbine aging, changes in wind speed, and technological improvements on CF. The study finds that wind increases contributed to a 10% increase in CF for old turbines, while technological improvements had a stronger positive effect on CF for new turbines. Rising wind speeds increased CF by approximately 5% per year, while technological improvements increased it by approximately 12%. Technological progress became the dominant driver in CF increase as the installed capacity of wind turbines grew.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yubin Jin, Shijie Hu, Alan D. Ziegler, Luke Gibson, J. Elliott Campbell, Rongrong Xu, Deliang Chen, Kai Zhu, Yan Zheng, Bin Ye, Fan Ye, Zhenzhong Zeng
Summary: In the near future, solutions that can support multiple sustainability goals related to clean energy and resource use efficiency will be crucial. This study estimates the potential of floating solar panels on reservoirs globally to generate renewable energy, reduce water losses, and conserve land. Floating photovoltaic systems on reservoirs have advantages over traditional ground-mounted solar systems in terms of land conservation, efficiency improvement, and water loss reduction.
NATURE SUSTAINABILITY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Tiong Ann Goh, Sorain J. Ramchunder, Alan D. Ziegler
Summary: Urban agriculture is an important aspect of ensuring food security in rapidly growing urban populations. This study assessed the concentrations of potentially toxic elements in the soils of community gardens, public parks, and woodlands in Singapore. The results showed low concentrations of cadmium, copper, lead, and zinc, indicating limited risks for urban gardeners. These findings support the promotion of urban farming for food production and leisure in dense urban settings.
CABI AGRICULTURE & BIOSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yi Liu, Rongrong Xu, Alan D. Ziegler, Zhenzhong Zeng
Summary: The biggest sand-dust storm from Mongolia in the past decade swept across northern China on March 15, 2021. Before this sudden outbreak, the number of sand-dust storms in northern China had been decreasing for 50 years. This study found that increasing wind speed significantly influences the sand-dust storm frequency, with a high correlation in northern China and a moderate correlation in Mongolia. The wind speed during sand-dust storms also decreased, further supporting the decrease in sand-dust storm frequency mainly due to a decrease in wind speed.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Lionel Benoit, Lydie Sichoix, Alison D. Nugent, Matthew P. Lucas, Thomas W. Giambelluca
Summary: Stochastic rainfall generators are probabilistic models that simulate the space-time behavior of rainfall. They help identify and quantify the main modes of rainfall variability during parameterization and calibration. However, existing stochastic models face challenges in representing rainfall on tropical islands with high elevation topography due to localized orographic rain enhancement. To address this, a new stochastic daily multi-site rainfall generator specifically for areas with significant orographic effects is proposed. It classifies daily rain patterns into rain types based on rainfall space and intensity statistics and provides insights into rainfall variability at the island scale. The model combines non-parametric resampling and a parametric gamma transform function to simulate rainfall distribution and intensity. When applied to O'ahu (Hawai'i, United States of America) and Tahiti (French Polynesia), the model demonstrates good skills in simulating site-specific and island-scale rain statistics, making it a valuable tool for stochastic impact studies and water resource management in tropical islands.
HYDROLOGY AND EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
H. S. Lim, E. Segovia, A. D. Ziegler
Summary: This study in Singapore reveals that different substrates and grass cover on green roofs can impact runoff water quality. Commercial substrate configurations led to significant increases in nitrogen and sulfur content in runoff, while soil substrate excelled in retaining nutrients and trace metals.
BLUE-GREEN SYSTEMS
(2021)
