Measurement of evaporation from the forest floor in a deciduous forest throughout the year using microlysimeter and closed-chamber systems

Evaporation from the forest floor (E-FF) in a deciduous broadleaf forest was measured using microlysimeter and closed-chamber systems. The microlysimeter was used at six points in the experimental basin. and measurements gave different E-FF values at conditions. different points. This Could be attributed to the local photoenvironment of each sampling point, rather than to litter it the spatial variation in air temperature (Ta) or vapour pressure deficit (VPD) at the forest floor was small within this basin. A detachable microlysimeter measured condensation in the litter layer during the night, indicating that the litter layer, as well its the mulch layer. played a role in preventing evaporation from the soil layer. The closed-chamber system made it possible to continuously measure long-term E-FF. E-FF was closely related to VPD even during the night, when solar radiation was zero, E-FF amounted to 14.0% of the daily E-FF. The daily E-FF was 0.20 +/- 0.13 mm day(-1) during the study period, with two seasonal peaks: in late spring (0.31 min day(-1) in April) and early fall (0.22 min day(-1) in September). The former peak has been reported from two deciduous forests in Japan and is strongly related to the solar radiation reaching the forest floor when the trees are dormant. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons. Ltd.