Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Raju Ranjha, Amit Sharma
Summary: Despite the decrease in malaria mortality and morbidity, malaria remains a significant public health problem in India. Forested areas are major contributors to malaria cases and account for a high percentage of malaria-related deaths. Efforts should be intensified in these areas to achieve successful malaria control in India.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Martin Donnelley, David Parsons, Ivanka Prichard
Summary: The studies indicate that people with CF, their families, and the general public have positive perceptions towards airway gene therapy and are supportive of participating in CF gene therapy trials. The majority hope that gene therapy can provide a cure and believe it is still necessary even with improvements from current medications.
EXPERT OPINION ON BIOLOGICAL THERAPY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sawsan Abuhammad, Omar F. Khabour, Karem H. Alzoubi
Summary: The study aimed to address the ethical challenges of gene editing in the MENA region. Researchers expressed concerns about using gene editing to enhance characteristics of healthy individuals. Ethical issues raised include justice, harm, beneficence, discrimination, conflict with religion and culture, and lack of regulations.
Article
Environmental Studies
Haoxian Cai, Wei Duan
Summary: This paper examines the debate over companion animal public space in China's cities. Using quantitative and qualitative analysis of social media posts, the authors found that the COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on the perception and use of these spaces. They identified changes in opportunity, ability, and motivation as pathways through which the pandemic influenced companion animal spaces. The study highlights the need for new challenges and cooperation between governments and social media to promote ethical practices and better respond to crises.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sara Nawaz, Terre Satterfield
Summary: This paper explores the notion of naturalness and its impact on the perception of genetic engineering. It argues that 'naturalness' should not be dismissed as irrational and proposes a systematic review of scholarly interpretations to give weight to the concept. The study finds that '(un)naturalness' is not just a quality of an object, but rather a characteristic of ecological, social, cultural, and spiritual relationships.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & POLICY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Pietro Refolo, Dario Sacchini, Costanza Raimondi, Giovanna Elisa Calabro, Antonio Gioacchino Spagnolo
Summary: This article aims to emphasize the political and ethical nature of public health interventions and advocate for the integration or recognition of virtue ethics in public health measures. The Italian COVID-19 vaccination program is used as a case study to explore the deontological, utilitarian, and virtues approach to ethics.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Djoki Bahati, Houssynatou Sy, Aram Kalhor, Bruno Marchal
Summary: The objective of this scoping review is to map evidence and knowledge gaps, identify and describe concepts, theories, and existing frameworks related to the responsible exit of humanitarian aid agencies. The review will involve searches of bibliographic databases and grey literature, as well as manual searches and contact with experts and organizations. The results will be disseminated through open access journals, conferences, workshops, and humanitarian aid agencies to facilitate further research and practical applications.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bohua Liao, Yonghui Ma, Ruipeng Lei
Summary: As China actively participates in international biomedical research collaboration, ethical controversies and issues, particularly ethics dumping, have been a recurring concern. This paper examines ethics dumping incidents in China's biomedical research field and identifies weak ethical awareness, oversimplified research evaluation systems, gaps in ethics governance and oversight mechanisms, and limited capabilities of certain ethics committees as the primary reasons why China is susceptible to ethics dumping. To address these issues, the paper proposes five ethics governance recommendations aimed at enhancing China's research supervision system and preventing the recurrence of similar ethics dumping incidents.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Business
Kirsten Martin, Ari Waldman
Summary: This study explores the impact of decision importance, governance, outcomes, and data inputs on the legitimacy of algorithmic decision-making in firms. The findings suggest that procedural governance mechanisms do not necessarily enhance the perceived legitimacy of algorithms decisions, but good outcomes and robust governance can increase legitimacy. However, using arbitrary or morally dubious factors in decision-making diminishes legitimacy, regardless of outcomes.
JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS
(2023)
Letter
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Christopher Ryan Maboloc
Summary: The World Health Organization (WHO) emphasizes that getting vaccinated against Covid-19 is safer than not getting vaccinated. In the Philippines, the Department of Health (DOH) has implemented a prioritization policy for Covid-19 vaccination, but individuals with special needs like autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are not included or specifically mentioned in the Vaccination Prioritization Policy, highlighting a policy gap that needs to be addressed.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jillian Hendricks, Katelyn E. Mills, Lara V. Sirovica, Louise Sundermann, Sarah E. Bolton, Marina A. G. Von Keyserlingk
Summary: Participants in the study were divided into four treatments representing potential solutions to mitigate heat stress in dairy cattle, with results suggesting that the Australian public may be reluctant to accept heat stress mitigation strategies that either do not allow cows access to pasture or include gene-editing technologies.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Studies
Henrik Litlere Bentsen, Jon Kare Skiple, Thea Gregersen, Efthymia Derempouka, Trygve Skjold
Summary: This article discusses the public perceptions of hydrogen fuel and its different production methods based on a survey conducted through the Norwegian Citizen Panel. The results reveal a lack of awareness among the public about hydrogen as an energy carrier and its production methods. The survey experiment shows that public acceptance is influenced by the production method, with higher acceptance for 'green' hydrogen produced from renewable sources compared to 'blue' and 'grey' hydrogen produced from coal, oil, and natural gas. The level of support for hydrogen fuel and its production methods is also influenced by factors such as concern about climate change, gender, and political affiliation. Clearer communication from the government and developers is needed to address misunderstandings and avoid potential public backlash.
ENERGY RESEARCH & SOCIAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Florian Steger, Oxana Kosenko
Summary: The legal framework recognizing rights of patients and participants in clinical trials originated in Germany in the 19th century. Ethics commissions were established in universities in response to recommendations by the German Research Foundation. The first ethics commission in Germany was set up in Ulm in 1971/72, eventually becoming the central Ethics Commission for the entire University of Ulm.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Business
Stephanie Kelley
Summary: This study examines employee perceptions on the effective adoption of AI principles in organizations. The study identifies eleven components that can impact the effective adoption of AI principles, such as communication, management support, and training. The findings provide a first step in understanding potential methods for the effective adoption of AI principles in organizations.
JOURNAL OF BUSINESS ETHICS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mercedes Garcia Carrillo, Federico Testoni, Marc-Andre Gagnon, Cecilia Rikap, Matias Blaustein
Summary: This study examined the research agenda of Argentina's National Research Council (CONICET) in the field of health and biomedical sciences. The findings revealed that CONICET's agenda shares similarities with the international agenda, prioritizing molecular biology and cancer research while overlooking socio-environmental factors. However, there were also differences, with CONICET's agenda showing a marginal presence of translational medicine and a greater focus on pathogens, plant research, agrobiotechnology, and the food industry.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tony J. Prescott, Julie M. Robillard
Summary: This perspective explores the balance between benefit and risk from human-robot relationships, discussing the definitions and purposes of social robots, and advocating a relational view rather than essentialist view. It calls for researchers to understand the ethical and societal impacts of social robotics.
Article
Neurosciences
Mallorie T. Tam, Jill A. Dosso, Julie M. Robillard
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the physical and emotional health of older adults living with dementia and their care partners, who are facing difficulties in visiting their loved ones, increased stress levels, and heightened feelings of loneliness. While technology has been a valuable tool for maintaining social connections, they still require more support.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Greg A. Jicha, Erin L. Abner, Steven E. Arnold, Maria C. Carrillo, Hiroko H. Dodge, Steven D. Edland, Keith N. Fargo, Howard H. Feldman, Larry B. Goldstein, James Hendrix, Ruth Peters, Julie M. Robillard, Lon S. Schneider, Jodi R. Titiner, Christopher J. Weber
Summary: Consensus guidance has been developed for the development and conduct of high-quality Alzheimer's disease clinical trials, covering aspects such as scientific justification, trial registration, conflict of interest disclosure, and defined trial population. This guidance aims to assist in protocol development and may also support the education of potential trial participants and the public on appropriate clinical trial participation decisions.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marina Boccardi, Ron Handels, Michael Gold, Alice Grazia, Michael W. Lutz, Mike Martin, Rachel Nosheny, Julie M. Robillard, Wendy Weidner, Jan Alexandersson, Jochen Rene Thyrian, Bengt Winblad, Paola Barbarino, Ara S. Khachaturian, Stefan Teipel
Summary: The increasing global prevalence of dementia requires concrete actions to optimize the process of clinical innovation. Communication mismatches, methodological gaps, and insufficient data are obstacles in the transition from research to practice. A consistent implementation perspective and appropriate methods are needed to tackle these challenges.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Julia M. Wu, Mallorie T. Tam, Kirsten Buch, Fouziah Khairati, Laurissa Wilson, Elizabeth Bannerman, Alexandra Guerrero, Andrew Eisen, Wendy Toyer, Travis Stevenson, Julie M. Robillard
Summary: This study explores the impact of respite care on people with ALS and their care partners. The findings suggest that in-home respite care has positive effects on relationship quality, personal time for the care partner, and emotional well-being for both the person with ALS and the care partner.
BMC PALLIATIVE CARE
(2022)
Article
Nursing
Julia M. Wu, Mallorie T. Tam, Patricia M. Page, Elizabeth A. Lamb, Isabel Jordan, Christine T. Chambers, Julie M. Robillard
Summary: This study explored the communication between parents and nurses during a child's discharge process after pediatric outpatient surgery. The findings identified strengths in the nurse communication approach and highlighted the need for greater understanding around pain medication among parents.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC NURSING-NURSING CARE OF CHILDREN & FAMILIES
(2022)
Article
Rehabilitation
Katarzyna Kabacinska, Kim Vu, Mallorie Tam, Olivia Edwards, William C. Miller, Julie M. Robillard
Summary: This study aimed to determine the important assistive technology (AT) evaluation criteria for older adults by involving them in the discussion. The findings revealed that promoting independence, affordability, ease of use, and ethics are the most important criteria for older adults. The study also highlighted that some aspects valued by older adults, such as reliability, are not adequately represented in existing evaluation tools.
ASSISTIVE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Viorica Hrincu, Zijian An, Kenneth Joseph, Yu Fei Jiang, Julie M. Robillard
Summary: This study characterized the current practices of engaging diverse audiences in dementia research through analyzing public social media posts. The findings highlight the importance of social media as a tool for engagement in health research and reveal potential for increased participation. These data can inform consensus-based best practices for ethical social media application in dementia research.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Mike Prescott, Stephanie Gamache, W. Ben Mortenson, Krista L. Best, Marie Grandisson, Mir Abolfazl Mostafavi, Delphine Labbe, Ernesto Morales, Atiya Mahmood, Jaimie Borisoff, Bonita Sawatzky, William C. Miller, Laura Yvonne Bulk, Julie M. Robillard, Francois Routhier
Summary: This study aims to develop a novel method to assess the accessibility of Canadian national parks during winter and provide recommendations for park standards. It adopts a three-phase approach, including a scoping review of existing accessibility standards, objective audits of parks, and a Delphi participatory consensus process to prioritize recommendations based on the collected data.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Jill A. Dosso, Jaya N. Kailley, Gabriella K. Guerra, Julie M. Robillard
Summary: This study aims to address barriers to social robot adoption by older adults and people living with dementia by discussing factors that can affect emotional connection to a social robot and considerations around using a social robot in public. The findings revealed that participants value preferred forms of communication with a robot and ways in which a robot can support connection between people. Additionally, participants have varying preferences for the emotional range and display features of a social robot. Furthermore, considerations around showing a robot to other people were discussed, with some participants suggesting that a robot could raise awareness of aging and dementia while others expressed concerns about stigma and negative attention.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Heather F. Cathcart, Somayyeh Mohammadi, Beth Erlander, Julie M. Robillard, William C. Miller
Summary: This study aimed to explore the social media use patterns of family caregivers of individuals with spinal cord injury (FC-SCI), including the most frequently used platforms and the importance of social media for receiving and providing support. The results showed that most caregivers spent 1-3 hours daily on social media, with Facebook being the predominantly used platform, followed by Instagram and YouTube. Furthermore, FC-SCI desired informational support through social media, which is significant for their mental and physical health.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Mallorie T. Tam, Alonso Daboub, Hayami Lou, Julie M. Robillard
Summary: This qualitative study explored the motivators and barriers for genetic testing for individuals with aniridia. The findings revealed complex factors involved in the decision-making process, including family planning, knowledge about the disease-specific pathogenic variant, and access to genetic testing. The study also discussed the benefits and potential risks of genetic testing, with participants perceiving knowledge gain as a benefit and expressing concerns about administrative issues and privacy risks. Increased access to quality information and services related to genetic testing are necessary to better support individuals with aniridia.
JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY GENETICS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Alejandro Jimenez-Rodriguez, Julie Robillard, Tony Prescott
Summary: This paper presents a Cognitive architecture as a Service (CaaS) approach for the development of biomimetic robots. The approach utilizes event sourcing technology and the Apache Kafka platform to support communication between models and enable the integration of brain-based models. This research is important for the creation of assistive robots in human care settings.
BIOMIMETIC AND BIOHYBRID SYSTEMS, LIVING MACHINES 2022
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Katarzyna Kabacinska, Kaleigh McLeod, Annika MacKenzie, Kim Vu, Michelle Cianfrone, Andrew Tugwell, Julie M. Robillard
Summary: The popularity of smartphone technology provides a unique opportunity to make mental health support widely accessible among young people. However, the abundance of available applications on the market makes it challenging to choose safe and effective ones. This study aimed to determine the criteria and relative importance that young adults consider when selecting mental health applications, in order to inform the development of a user-driven app-rating platform.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Mallorie T. Tam, Jill A. Dosso, Julie M. Robillard
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the First Link dementia support services and found that respondents were satisfied with the program. Providing information and education was identified as a key strength. However, respondents also suggested areas for improvement, such as additional mental health and well-being support.
CANADIAN GERIATRICS JOURNAL
(2022)