Article
Environmental Sciences
Amin Mousavi Khaneghah, Mahdie Kamalabadi, Ali Heshmati, Zahra Hadian
Summary: In this study, six potentially toxic elements (PTEs) were analyzed in domestic rice samples collected from Tehran. The concentrations of Cd, As, Cu, Pb, Cr, and Ni were measured using ICP-OES and the risks associated with PTE intake were assessed. The results showed potential non-carcinogenic risks for children and adults due to multiple PTE exposures from rice consumption, as well as a carcinogenic risk from Cr, Ni, As, and Cd exposure. The study highlights the importance of cumulative risk analysis and the need for environmental assessment and monitoring for public health.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Changmin Lee, Jinsung An, Young Su Lee, Kyungho Choi, Jae Young Kim
Summary: This study predicts the concentrations of chlortetracycline in slurry pit and soil, evaluating ecological risks, based on livestock farming practices and uncertainties. The Monte Carlo simulation was used for sensitivity analysis, revealing key factors influencing CTC exposure in soil. The results suggest that ecological risks of CTC in soil can be controlled through appropriate slurry pit farm practices.
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amin Mohammadpour, Ehsan Gharehchahi, Ahmad Badeenezhad, Iman Parseh, Razieh Khaksefidi, Mohammad Golaki, Reza Dehbandi, Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor, Zahra Derakhshan, Jorge Rodriguez-Chueca, Stefanos Giannakis
Summary: This study evaluates the health risk of nitrate in groundwater resources in Hormozgan province, Iran, for different age groups. The results show that the average nitrate concentration is relatively low and the risk level is low, but there is still some potential hazard. The sensitivity analysis reveals that the nitrate content has the most significant influence on toxicity risk. Therefore, implementing a water resources management program can reduce nitrate concentration and improve water quality.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Amin Mohammadpour, Zeynab Tabatabaee, Reza Dehbandi, Razieh Khaksefidi, Mohammad Golaki, Ehsan Gharechahi, Mohammad Reza Samaei, Reza Mohammadpour, Amin Sheibani, Ahmad Badeenezhad
Summary: The study conducted in the southern province of Iran found that the fluoride concentration in drinking water ranged from 0.1 to 0.9 mg/L, following a normal distribution, with higher concentrations observed in the central and northern regions. Monte-Carlo simulation revealed a potential non-carcinogenic risk for children in the 95th percentile, while sensitivity analysis identified fluoride concentration and water consumption rate as the most influential factors in the model. The results highlight the importance of continuous monitoring of fluoride levels in water resources and implementing proper dietary guidelines in this province.
STOCHASTIC ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND RISK ASSESSMENT
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Indrajit Sau, Arnab Sen, Debasish Banerjee
Summary: Matter-free lattice gauge theories provide an ideal model for studying the confinement to deconfinement transitions at finite temperatures, and the critical exponents can change continuously with varying coupling while maintaining a fixed ratio. This phenomenon, known as weak universality, has been demonstrated for the first time in lattice gauge theories. Using an efficient cluster algorithm, we show that the finite temperature phase transition of U(1) quantum link lattice gauge theory belongs to the 2D XY universality class, and the occurrence of weak universality is observed when higher charged matter fields are added.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Brandon Harrison-Smith, Alexander P. Dumont, Mohammed Shahriar Arefin, Yu Sun, Nuradeen Lawal, Dorianna Dobson, Amy Nwaba, Sarah Grossarth, Abdulsalam Muhammed Paed, Zubaida L. Farouk, Jorn-Hendrik Weitkamp, Chetan A. Patil
Summary: A mobile phone-based approach for neonatal jaundice screening was developed and validated in a pilot study. The results show that a modified adapter attached to a mobile phone can be used to measure neonatal bilirubin values, providing a novel tool for jaundice screening in low-resource settings.
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Haibing Peng
Summary: Despite the widespread use of Navier-Stokes equations in computational-fluid-dynamics (CFD), there are still unanswered questions due to the absence of considering the statistical nature of discrete air molecules. In this study, we propose a statistical mechanics-based approach called the volume-element method, which allows for the numerical evaluation of aerodynamic lift and drag. We obtained pressure and friction values as a function of the angle of attack for flat-plate airfoils, and this method can be directly applied to convex-shape airfoils and combined with Monte Carlo simulations for concave-shape airfoils. This approach not only has implications for aerodynamic applications, but also opens up possibilities for further applications in Boson or Fermi gases.
Article
Microbiology
Mahmoud Tareq Abdelwahab, Richard Court, Daniel Everitt, Andreas H. Diacon, Rodney Dawson, Elin M. Svensson, Gary Maartens, Paolo Denti
Summary: Clofazimine, a WHO group B drug for rifampin-resistant tuberculosis, can cause QT prolongation. However, using 200mg and 300mg doses of clofazimine does not significantly increase the risk of QT prolongation compared to standard treatment.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
K. L. Zhang, Z. Song
Summary: The study reveals that applying a nonlocal non-Hermitian perturbation to an Ising chain merges the topological Kramer-like degeneracy in the ferromagnetic phase, with distinct dynamic responses for different quantum phases. The phase diagram at zero temperature is completely preserved at finite temperatures.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Simon Zust, Michael Huonder, Shaun West, Oliver Stoll
Summary: This article presents a generic approach for risk assessment in the procurement of standard parts for roller conveyors, focusing on minimizing risks associated with product failure. By utilizing a stochastic model and Monte Carlo simulation, the study incorporates uncertainty factors into risk management, proving the applicability and usability of the tool through an industrial use case.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Optics
Ruoyu Chen, Shanbao Tong, Peng Miao
Summary: This study proposes a deep-learning-based strategy for high spatiotemporal resolution three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction from a single transilluminated laser speckle contrast image, providing more structural and functional details without multifocus two-dimensional (2D) imaging or 3D optical imaging with point/line scanning. The method utilizes convolution of vessel masks with depth-dependent point spread functions (PSF) to generate a large training dataset, and employs UNet and ResNet for deblurring and depth estimation. The blood flow in the reconstructed 3D vessels is estimated by a depth-dependent contrast model. The proposed method achieves high-fidelity structural reconstruction with a depth-independent estimation of blood flow, and is suitable for real-time monitoring of thick tissue and the diagnosis of vascular diseases.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohadeseh Pirhadi, Mahsa Alikord, Behrouz Tajdar-oranj, Gholamreza Jahed Khaniki, Shahrokh Nazmara, Ayub Ebadi Fathabad, Mohammad Rezvani Ghalhari, Parisa Sadighara
Summary: This study assessed the concentration of potential toxic elements in wheat, flour, and bread samples in Iran and examined the impact of the milling process on the levels of these elements. The results indicated that the concentrations of potential toxic elements in the samples were within permissible limits set by regulatory authorities. The health risk assessment showed that the consumption of wheat and bread posed no significant risk to both adults and children, except for a potential risk of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic disease for children.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Thien An Dao Nguyen, Linh Thi Nguyen, Alexis Enright, Luu Thanh Pham, Hoang Yen Thi Tran, Thai Thanh Tran, Van Ha Thi Nguyen, Dang Ngoc Tran
Summary: Cyanotoxins released by cyanobacteria pose health risks to people living near the Tri An Reservoir in Dong Nai Province, Vietnam, with microcystin (MC) concentrations exceeding the WHO's permitted level. Results from Monte Carlo simulation technique showed that the rate of MC exposure likely to cause cancer is approximately 1-5%, while oral exposure rate while bathing is less than 2.5%.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shiyan Wang, Anirudh Venkatesh, Doraiswami Ramkrishna, Vivek Narsimhan
Summary: A Brownian bridge is a continuous random walk guided by an effective drift to control the endpoint of a stochastic process. While widely applicable in chemical science, the main limitation is the difficulty in determining the effective drift and solving the complex Backward Fokker-Planck equation.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Manni Wu, Wenhao Zhang, Jingjing Miao, Ce Sun, Qiaoqiao Wang, Luqing Pan
Summary: This study provides the first data on pyrethroid residues in seafood in China. The residues of fenpropathrin, cypermethrin, and deltamethrin in seafood samples from coastal cities in Shandong Province ranged from not detected to 26.82 μg/kg, not detected to 19.18 μg/kg, and not detected to 15.56 μg/kg, respectively. The risk assessment using hazard quotient (HQ) and hazard index (HI) approaches showed that the maximum values of both HQ (1.81 x 10-3) and HI (2.9 x 10-3) were below the threshold 1. The results suggest that the consumption of seafood containing these three main pyrethroids is unlikely to pose a health risk to the general population in Shandong. The uncertainty analysis highlights the importance of continuous monitoring of pyrethroid residues in seafood to ensure food safety.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
