Article
Geography, Physical
Dennis M. Njagi, Joyanto Routh, Daniel Olago, Kasun Gayantha
Summary: The multi-proxy records from the Kapsabet peat deposit in western Kenya provide insights into late Holocene climate changes and vegetation evolution, with distinct stages of climatic conditions and their impacts revealed through various proxies.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. A. Davies, J. W. McLaughlin, M. S. Packalen, S. A. Finkelstein
Summary: Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane, yet the roles of source region and paleoclimate in explaining the variability in Holocene atmospheric methane concentrations remain poorly constrained. The study on Hudson Bay Lowlands (HBL) shows that total methane flux is closely related to the increasing area of land emerging from below sea level in the Middle Holocene, and due to lower evapotranspiration in a wetter and cooler climate in the Late Holocene, methane fluxes remained high.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Anna Sinyutkina
Summary: This study investigated the drainage impact on vegetation and peat deposit in Western Siberia bogs, finding that large raised bogs are relatively stable and capable of self-restoration, while small bogs are more susceptible to drainage effects.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sannimari A. Kaarmelahti, Christian Fritz, Gabrielle R. Quadra, Maider Erize Gardoki, Greta Gaudig, Matthias Krebs, Ralph J. M. Temmink
Summary: Research has shown that different depths of topsoil removal during rewetting of drained peatlands have varying effects on Sphagnum growth, nutrient availability, and vegetation development. TSR5 may be the most suitable method for paludiculture, but its applicability for restoration purposes needs further investigation.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jodi E. Newman, Patrick A. Levasseur, Peter Beckett, Shaun A. Watmough
Summary: Peatlands act as a carbon sink and a record of atmospheric metal deposition, but air pollution can negatively impact Sphagnum mosses and subsequently affect carbon and metal accumulation in peat. This study examines how the loss of Sphagnum in peatlands near a copper and nickel smelter in Sudbury, Ontario, influences carbon accumulation and metal profiles in peat. The depth of accumulated peat increased with distance from the smelter, while the peat bulk density decreased. Despite high pollution loadings, the average rates of carbon accumulation were within the range of published values. Surface peat close to the smelters had higher concentrations of copper and nickel, with copper profiles in dated peat cores reflecting known pollution histories better than nickel profiles.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Andrey N. Tsyganov, Evgeny A. Zarov, Yuri A. Mazei, Mikhail G. Kulkov, Kirill V. Babeshko, Svetlana Y. Yushkovets, Richard J. Payne, Joshua L. Ratcliffe, Yulia A. Fatyunina, Elya P. Zazovskaya, Elena D. Lapshina
Summary: By using a multi-proxy approach, researchers reconstructed the development of Mukhrino mire in Western Siberia and gained a better understanding of its response to climate change. With a warmer and wetter climate in the future, regional mires are likely to remain as carbon sinks, but a reversion to a wooded state with reduced carbon sink strength is also possible.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
J. K. Sjostrom, R. Bindler, A. Martinez Cortizas, S. Bjorck, S. V. Hansson, A. Karlsson, D. T. Ellerton, M. E. Kylander
Summary: Atmospheric mineral dust has significant impacts on the climate system and provides critical nutrients to ecosystems. This study examines the interplay between dust deposition and bog development, revealing the relationship between the bog ecosystem and dust deposition.
Article
Geography, Physical
Kristina A. Da Silva, Rebecca A. Snyder, Maara S. Packalen, James W. McLaughlin, Dorothy M. Peteet, Sarah A. Finkelstein
Summary: The Hudson Bay Lowlands in Canada's boreal subarctic is a significant peatland region that is currently experiencing climate warming and anthropogenic stressors. A study conducted on a peat core from the region revealed the impact of climate variability and multiple stressors on peat accumulation. The findings suggest that mineral nutrients, supplied by surface hydrology or eolian deposition, played a role in carbon accumulation in the peatland.
PALAEOGEOGRAPHY PALAEOCLIMATOLOGY PALAEOECOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Malin E. Kylander, Antonio Martinez-Cortizas, Jenny K. Sjostrom, Jenny Galing, Richard Gyllencreutz, Richard Bindler, Helena Alexanderson, Frederik Schenk, Benedict T. I. Reinardy, Benjamin M. P. Chandler, Kerry Gallagher
Summary: Severe extratropical winter storms in Europe have caused widespread socioeconomic losses, but the response of storminess to external forcing over the past millennia remains unclear. Reconstructing past storm variability using innovative methods such as mid-infrared spectral data can provide insights into storm intensity and drivers. Constructing regional storm stacks allows for comparison of storminess over wider areas and understanding of centennial to millennial-scale storm patterns.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Annette Hahn, Frank H. Neumann, Charlotte Miller, Jemma Finch, Tarryn Frankland, Hayley C. Cawthra, Enno Schefuss, Matthias Zabel
Summary: Mpondoland on the South African east coast is influenced by temperate and tropical circulation and climate systems, with sediment records indicating regional climatic change and anthropogenic influence over the past 5500 years. The study uses various data sources to infer paleoclimatic shifts and reconstruct past human activity, providing evidence of human impacts and increased erosion as early as -1500 years ago. Downcore proxy analysis suggests that particularly humid conditions persisted from -900 to -300 cal yr BP, encompassing both the Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Sumit Sagwal, Dipanwita Sengupta, Anil Kumar, Som Dutt, Pradeep Srivastava, Rajesh Agnihotri, Sanjay Kumar Singh Gahlaud, Partha Sarathi Jena, Ajay Shivam, Ravi Bhushan
Summary: Wildfires are crucial for regulating vegetation cover in terrestrial ecosystems. Paleofire records stored in sedimentary deposits provide temporal information on fire activity and climatic conditions. A study in the Ladakh Himalaya examined a peat sedimentary profile to investigate fire characteristics and reconstruct wildfires. The results shed light on the interaction between vegetation, fire, and human activity over the past 2.8 thousand years.
Article
Soil Science
Mariusz Galka, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Angelica Feurdean, Julie Loisel, Henning Teickner, Tanja Broder, Klaus-Holger Knorr
Summary: Mountain peatland ecosystems are unique islands of biodiversity that serve as important natural carbon stores. A study of the peatland ecosystem in the Harz Mts. in Germany reveals the impacts of environmental changes, fire, pollution, and human activity on these ecosystems. The study also provides insights into the development of these ecosystems over time.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Kristy Klein, Judith Schellekens, Miriam Gross-Schmolders, Pascal von Sengbusch, Christine Alewell, Jens Leifeld
Summary: This study investigated the impact of drainage on the chemical composition of peat organic matter (OM). The results showed that drainage significantly influenced the peat chemistry through increased aerobic decomposition and vegetation shifts, while anaerobic processes also had an impact on the chemical composition.
ORGANIC GEOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Kevin D. Barrett, Patricia Sanford, Sara C. Hotchkiss
Summary: Peatland complexes in the humid highlands of Hawai'i are crucial for biodiversity and freshwater resources. Analysis of testate amoebae and Cladocera in Hawaiian montane peatlands on Kohala revealed the importance of surface moisture in controlling species distribution. The study provides insights into the paleohydrological history of Hawaiian peatlands and the sensitivity of testate amoeba composition to changing environmental conditions.
JOURNAL OF PALEOLIMNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Matthew S. Finkenbinder, Byron A. Steinman, Broxton W. Bird, Ellen C. Heilman, Alexandria R. Aspey, Samuel Z. Mark, Nathan D. Stansell, Alejandro Fernandez, Sid P. Halsor, Mark B. Abbott
Summary: This study presents a carbonate oxygen isotope record from Norman's Pond in Newfoundland, Canada, which provides insights into the spatiotemporal patterns and underlying causes of climate variations in the North Atlantic region over the past 5000 years. The results show a general trend of cooling over the last 5000 years, with significant fluctuations during the early Medieval Climate Anomaly and the Little Ice Age.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Guillaume Primeau, Michelle Garneau
Summary: The study found differences in peatland development and carbon accumulation rates between sites within the watershed at different latitudes, with wetland transitions occurring earlier in the southern region than the northern region. In the northernmost site, the wetland transition did not occur until the 20th century due to less favorable climatic conditions.
Review
Ecology
Lorna Harris, Karen Richardson, Kelly A. Bona, Scott J. Davidson, Sarah A. Finkelstein, Michelle Garneau, Jim McLaughlin, Felix Nwaishi, David Olefeldt, Maara Packalen, Nigel T. Roulet, F. Meg Southee, Maria Strack, Kara L. Webster, Sophie L. Wilkinson, Justina C. Ray
Summary: Northern peatlands have cooled the global climate by accumulating large quantities of soil carbon over thousands of years, making them critical for mitigating climate warming. Despite their importance, these peatlands in Canada and globally are facing threats from land-use change and disturbances, highlighting the need for targeted policies to strengthen their management. Insufficient policy safeguards and limited quantification and reporting of peatland greenhouse-gas emissions and removals increase the vulnerability of these important ecosystems.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Gabriel Magnan, Nicole K. Sanderson, Sanna Piilo, Steve Pratte, Minna Valiranta, Simon van Bellen, Hui Zhang, Michelle Garneau
Summary: Recent ecosystem shifts in northern peatlands, including transitions from oligotrophic fens to bogs and expansion of Sphagnum, are widespread and coincided with climate warming. Rapid transitions towards drier bog communities and Sphagnum expansion, especially in the northern subarctic sites of northeastern Canada, are concurrent with summer warming. These results suggest a northward migration of Sphagnum-dominated peatlands in North America in response to climate change, with differences in timing of ecosystem shifts reflecting internal peatland dynamics and varying vegetation responses.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
J. Goslin, P. Bernatchez, R. L. Barnett, C. Beland, B. Ghaleb, D. Didier, M. Garneau
Summary: This study aims to improve the understanding of the resilience capacity of salt-marsh environments to sea-level rise and wave events by reconstructing the accretion histories of two marshes in Eastern Canada. The analysis reveals contrasting sedimentation histories between the two sites and highlights the importance of coarse sedimentation for maintaining accretion rates and building resilience in saltmarshes.
Article
Soil Science
Denis Angers, Rock Ouimet, Pascale Roy-Leveillee, Michelle Garneau
Article
Geography, Physical
Leonie Perrier, Michelle Garneau, Steve Pratte, Nicole K. Sanderson
Summary: This study presents reconstructions of the ecohydrological conditions and carbon accumulation of two maritime peatlands on Anticosti Island, Canada. The results show that the development of these peatlands is influenced by sea-surface conditions in interaction with atmospheric circulation. The peat accumulation rates are lower than the global average for northern peatlands, likely due to high wind exposure.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pierre Taillardat, Pascal Bodmer, Charles P. Deblois, Alex Poncot, Antonin Prijac, Khawla Riahi, Laure Gandois, Paul A. del Giorgio, Marc Andre Bourgault, Alain Tremblay, Michelle Garneau
Summary: This study investigates the carbon greenhouse gas emissions and losses in a peatland headwater stream and finds that porewater seepage is the primary source of CO2 and methane in the stream. Precipitation events and topography play important roles in controlling the magnitude of carbon greenhouse gas fluxes.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
C. Lambert, M. Larocque, S. Gagne, M. Garneau
Summary: This research aims to quantify the hydrological connectivity between a surficial aquifer and a peatland in north-central Quebec and identify the controlling factors. The study finds contrasting water budgets and different controlling factors for two peatlands, highlighting the importance of considering hydrological conditions beyond the peatland limits.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Michelle M. G. Chartrand, Juris Meija, Jean-Francois Helie, Paul Middlestead, Malarvili Ramalingam, Azharuddin Abd Aziz, Zoltan Mester
Summary: Stable carbon isotope ratio measurements are used to investigate the origin of vanillin. This study analyzed commercial vanillin samples and vanilla products to establish a reference range of carbon isotope delta values in different vanillin samples. Two synthetic vanillin reference materials, VANA-1 and VANB-1, were developed for calibration purposes. The certified carbon isotope delta values of VANA-1 and VANB-1 were determined through characterization and testing using nine reference materials. The results are traceable to the VPDB.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
S. Nadeau, E. Rosa, V Cloutier, F. Paran, J. F. Helie, D. Graillot
Summary: This study evaluates the hydrological balance of large watersheds in the James Bay area of Northwestern Quebec, Canada. The main contributions to river discharge are rainwater and snowmelt, while groundwater discharge represents a small proportion. Evaporation and transpiration also play important roles in the hydrological balances.
JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hui Zhang, Minna Valiranta, Graeme T. Swindles, Marco A. Aquino-Lopez, Donal Mullan, Ning Tan, Matthew Amesbury, Kirill Babeshko, Kunshan Bao, Anatoly Bobrov, Viktor Chernyshov, Marissa A. Davies, Andrei-Cosmin Diaconu, Angelica Feurdean, Sarah A. Finkelstein, Michelle Garneau, Zhengtang Guo, Miriam C. Jones, Martin Kay, Eric S. Klein, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Gabriel Magnan, Katarzyna Marcisz, Natalia Mazei, Yuri Mazei, Richard Payne, Nicolas Pelletier, Sanna R. Piilo, Steve Pratte, Thomas Roland, Damir Saldaev, William Shotyk, Thomas G. Sim, Thomas J. Sloan, Michal Slowinski, Julie Talbot, Liam Taylor, Andrey N. Tsyganov, Sebastian Wetterich, Wei Xing, Yan Zhao
Summary: A recent synthesis study has found that high-latitude peatlands have exhibited complex and highly uncertain ecohydrological dynamics over the past centuries, with 54% of the peatlands drying and 32% wetting. This highlights the importance of understanding the responses of high-latitude peatlands to a warming climate.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Sanna R. Piilo, Minna M. Valiranta, Matt J. Amesbury, Marco A. Aquino-Lopez, Dan J. Charman, Angela Gallego-Sala, Michelle Garneau, Natalia Koroleva, Mai Karppa, Anna M. Laine, A. Britta K. Sannel, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Hui Zhang
Summary: Climate warming leads to permafrost thaw in northern peatlands, increasing surface wetness and methane emissions. Hydrology plays a key role in peatland vegetation composition, which affects carbon dynamics. Peatland carbon budgets may become uncertain due to the accelerated plant production and peat decomposition caused by warming.
GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Antonin Prijac, Laure Gandois, Laurent Jeanneau, Pierre Taillardat, Michelle Garneau
Summary: Pools are common features of peatlands and play an important role in the carbon cycle. This study found that the majority of carbon emitted from pools in a boreal peatland originates from plant-derived dissolved organic matter (DOM). The composition and dynamics of DOM in pools and peat porewater differ, indicating that pools are a key component of peatland ecosystems.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Sandy P. Harrison, Roberto Villegas-Diaz, Esmeralda Cruz-Silva, Daniel Gallagher, David Kesner, Paul Lincoln, Yicheng Shen, Luke Sweeney, Daniele Colombaroli, Adam Ali, Cheima Barhoumi, Yves Bergeron, Tatiana Blyakharchuk, Premysl Bobek, Richard Bradshaw, Jennifer L. Clear, Sambor Czerwinski, Anne-Laure Daniau, John Dodson, Kevin J. Edwards, Mary E. Edwards, Angelica Feurdean, David Foster, Konrad Gajewski, Mariusz Galka, Michelle Garneau, Thomas Giesecke, Graciela Gil Romera, Martin P. Girardin, Dana Hoefer, Kangyou Huang, Jun Inoue, Eva Jamrichova, Nauris Jasiunas, Wenying Jiang, Gonzalo Jimenez-Moreno, Monika Karpinska-Kolaczek, Piotr Kolaczek, Niina Kuosmanen, Mariusz Lamentowicz, Martin Lavoie, Fang Li, Jianyong Li, Olga Lisitsyna, Jose Antonio Lopez-Saez, Reyes Luelmo-Lautenschlaeger, Gabriel Magnan, Eniko Katalin Magyari, Alekss Maksims, Katarzyna Marcisz, Elena Marinova, Jenn Marlon, Scott Mensing, Joanna Miroslaw-Grabowska, Wyatt Oswald, Sebastian Perez-Diaz, Ramon Perez-Obiol, Sanna Piilo, Anneli Poska, Xiaoguang Qin, Cecile C. Remy, Pierre J. H. Richard, Sakari Salonen, Naoko Sasaki, Hieke Schneider, William Shotyk, Migle Stancikaite, Dace Steinberga, Normunds Stivrins, Hikaru Takahara, Zhihai Tan, Liva Trasune, Charles E. Umbanhowar, Minna Valiranta, Juri Vassiljev, Xiayun Xiao, Qinghai Xu, Xin Xu, Edyta Zawisza, Yan Zhao, Zheng Zhou, Jordan Paillard
Summary: This article presents an expanded charcoal records database with new age models based on recalibration of radiocarbon ages. The database provides a wider geographical coverage and more extensive metadata for studying fire regimes.
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE DATA
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Jacinthe Vigeant, Isabelle Ribot, Jean-Francois Helie
Summary: This isotopic study examines the mobility patterns of an urban population in early colonial Montreal. The results reveal that approximately half of the sample did not undergo long-distance mobility throughout their lifetime, while the rest experienced migration within and outside of North America. This highlights the high population diversity in early Montreal.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2022)
