Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christopher Boyer, Elizabeth Levy Paluck, Jeannie Annan, Tvisha Nevatia, Jasper Cooper, Jackline Namubiru, Lori Heise, Rachel Lehrer
Summary: Violence against women by men in intimate relationships is a widespread issue globally, often attributed to patriarchal norms. Previous research shows that religious leaders can play a role in shifting perceptions of gender roles and reducing violence through marriage counseling courses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sangram Kishor Patel, K. G. Santhya, Nicole Haberland
Summary: This study explores the gender attitudes of adolescents and their changes over time in India, finding that gender role attitudes became more egalitarian among boys and girls. Factors influencing gender attitudes included individual, family, peer, societal, and community engagement. It is possible to shift gender attitudes toward greater equity, contributing to improved health and rights.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Melissa Meinhart, Ilana Seff, Andres Villaveces, Arturo Harker Roa, Lindsay Stark
Summary: This study aims to examine the contextual factors that shape violence experienced by young males engaged in transactional sex. The findings reveal that adolescent boys and young men involved in transactional sex are more likely to experience violence victimization and witness violence both inside and outside the home.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Manuela Colombini, Susannah H. Mayhew, Claudia Garcia-Moreno, Ana Flavia d'Oliveira, Gene Feder, Loraine J. Bacchus
Summary: This paper presents a framework for assessing health system readiness to improve quality of care for intimate partner violence (IPV) survivors. The framework was tested in Brazil and the Palestinian territories and proved to be valuable in capturing system capabilities beyond material and technical capacity, considering stakeholder values, confidence, motivation, and connection with clients and communities.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Family Studies
Shauna M. Cooper, Marketa Burnett, Alexandrea Golden, Sheretta Butler-Barnes, Misha Innis-Thompson
Summary: Using intersectionality-informed approach, this investigation explores the impact of school discrimination and disciplinary inequities on the adjustment of Black adolescent boys and girls. The findings suggest that school discrimination is associated with higher depressive symptoms, lower academic persistence, and lower school satisfaction at a later time point. Surprisingly, adolescents' perception of disciplinary inequities is related to higher academic persistence. Gender variation is partially supported, with girls having lower educational aspirations due to perceptions of disciplinary inequities, while boys' aspirations are more influenced by systemic school discrimination.
JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Edward Nicol, Trisha Ramraj, Mbuzeleni Hlongwa, Wisdom Basera, Ngcwalisa Jama, Carl Lombard, Tracy McClinton-Appollis, Darshini Govindasamy, Desiree Pass, Noluntu Funani, Sarah Aheron, Ariana Paredes-Vincent, Jennifer Drummond, Mireille Cheyip, Sibongile Dladla, Jason Bedford, Cathy Mathews
Summary: This study aims to identify effective and feasible models of care for improving PrEP uptake, continuation, and adherence among high-risk AGYW and ABYM in South Africa. The study will be conducted in 22 service delivery points and will involve 600 participants. The findings will contribute to optimizing PrEP implementation and operational strategies to achieve better access and uptake among AGYW and ABYM.
Article
Criminology & Penology
Amanda Browne, Cyril Bennouna, Khudejha Asghar, Catalina Correa, Arturo Harker-Roa, Lindsay Stark
Summary: This study explores the experiences of violence among adolescent boys in post-conflict Colombia, highlighting themes of conflict avoidance, hegemonic masculinity, and positive coping habits. Further research is needed on social and emotional coping behaviors, as well as the linkages between violence perpetuation in adolescence and adulthood.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2021)
Review
Criminology & Penology
Laurie M. Graham, Venita Embry, Belinda-Rose Young, Rebecca J. Macy, Kathryn E. Moracco, Heather Luz McNaughton Reyes, Sandra L. Martin
Summary: Research on SV/DV/IPV perpetration prevention programs for boys and men shows considerable heterogeneity in terms of program content, delivery strategies, and study designs. Most studies recruited undergraduate college students and evaluated multi-session programs delivered via group sessions, with only a few programs showing a reduction in men's self-reported perpetration behaviors. Critical gaps exist in understanding what works for SV/DV/IPV perpetration prevention programs for boys and men.
TRAUMA VIOLENCE & ABUSE
(2021)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Ruth Rodney, Denise Gastaldo, D. Alissa Trotz, Claire Crooks
Summary: Gender-based violence is a significant issue for youth in Guyana, especially young women. Discussions about sex, dating, and violence rarely occur at the community level. Research showed that in Guyana, heteronormative, adversarial gender roles in adolescent relationships contribute to violence.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2022)
Article
Women's Studies
Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, Stefano Bertozzi, Patrick Bradshaw, Julianna Deardorff, Holly (Shakya) Baker, Sophia Rabe-Hesketh
Summary: This study found that an increase in community-level equitable gender norms is associated with a higher likelihood of experiencing frequent physical IPV, but is not associated with sexual IPV. The results suggest the need for tailored interventions for different types of IPV.
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Anita Raj, Nicole E. Johns, Nandita Bhan, Jay G. Silverman, Rebecka Lundgren
Summary: The study found associations between gender role beliefs and social connection, digital connection, and safety from marital violence among married adolescent girls in India. Beliefs supporting female marital choice and economic decision-making were linked to social and digital connection, while beliefs supporting male childcare responsibility were associated with freedom of movement. Beliefs rejecting marital violence were connected to safety from marital violence.
JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Women's Studies
Laurie M. Graham, Adrienne M. Lloyd, Agnieszka D. McCort, Rebecca J. Macy, Kathryn E. Moracco, H. Luz McNaughton Reyes, Sandra L. Martin
Summary: This paper reports on 20 interviews with leaders at youth-serving community-based organizations and educational institutions to provide limited guidance for implementing male-focused SRV prevention programs and conducting rigorous evaluations. The study examined how to engage male participants and how organizations can partner with researchers for evaluations. Findings highlight the importance of addressing the unique needs of program participants, their parents/guardians, and host organizations.
VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ane Lopez de Aguileta, Patricia Melgar, Elisabeth Torras-Gomez, Nerea Gutierrez-Fernandez
Summary: Women who harbor exciting memories of toxic relationships may exhibit disdainful attitudes towards non-dominant masculinities, which could potentially lead to health problems for the men in these relationships.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Health Policy & Services
James A. Smith, Daphne C. Watkins, Derek M. Griffith
Summary: Research and practice in health promotion consistently show that people of color in the USA face multiple structural and systemic health and social inequities due to racism and discrimination. Recent scholarship on equity and men's health has emphasized the importance of gender-specific concepts in understanding the inequities experienced by men of color.
HEALTH PROMOTION INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Criminology & Penology
Agata Debowska, Daniel Boduszek, Adele D. Jones, Dominic Willmott, Nicole Sherretts
Summary: The study found that in the Eastern Caribbean, violence victimization was strongly associated with boys' attitudes towards male physical domestic violence and social norms regarding physical violence against girls. For girls, increased violence victimization was weakly correlated with acceptance of social norms regarding physical violence against girls, while violence exposure did not have significant associations with attitudinal variables included in the study.
JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Rachel Jewkes, Shibe Mhlongo, Esnat Chirwa, Soraya Seedat, Bronwyn Myers, Nasheeta Peer, Claudia Garcia-Moreno, Kristin Dunkle, Naeemah Abrahams
Summary: The study found that rape stigma, both external and self-stigmatization, is associated with adverse health outcomes and needs to be addressed. Most women reported experiencing stigmatizing thoughts or experiences, with self-stigmatizing thoughts being more prevalent. Factors such as childhood or other trauma, emotional intimate partner violence, gender attitudes, and food insecurity were significantly associated with different levels of stigma.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY & PSYCHOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Family Studies
Andrew Gibbs, Samantha Willan, Rachel Jewkes
Summary: The study found that cellphones and social media play a significant role in young women's sexual relationships, giving them more control while also enabling partner surveillance. Cellphones are central in establishing trust and can be both a gift and a source of struggle for women in relationships. Overall, women's relationships are largely influenced by wider social and material forces.
CULTURE HEALTH & SEXUALITY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Rachel Jewkes
LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Pinky Mahlangu, Mercilene Machisa, Yandisa Sikweyiya, Ncediswa Nunze, Elizabeth Dartnall, Managa Pillay, Rachel Jewkes
Summary: Research has shown a lack of tested sexual violence prevention interventions in the global South and South African campuses. However, the Ntombi Vimbela (NV!) program showed promising results in initial pilots at eight schools in South Africa, empowering female students to assess and deal with risky sexual assault situations. Participants reported that NV! not only changed their attitudes towards gender but also improved their self-esteem and confidence.
GLOBAL PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jenevieve Mannell, Nicole Minckas, Rochelle Burgess, Esnat D. Chirwa, Rachel Jewkes, Andrew Gibbs
Summary: Women living in South African informal settlements, especially those who have witnessed or experienced traumatic events, are likely to experience intimate partner violence (IPV). Non-partner rape is the traumatic experience most strongly associated with IPV. Experiencing traumatic events, particularly non-partner rape, has negative effects on women's mental health, increasing their vulnerability to IPV. Food insecurity and unsupportive views of gender equality are also indirectly associated with IPV.
Article
Health Policy & Services
Minja Milovanovic, Rachel Jewkes, Mokgadi Matuludi, Kristin Dunkle, Khuthadzo Hlongwane, Lieve Vanleeuw, Nevilene Slingers, Maya Jaffer, Venice Mbowane, Fareed Abdullah, Kennedy Otwombe, Glenda Gray, Jenny Coetzee
Summary: Adolescent girls and young women engaging in sex-for-money transactions in South Africa are at high risk of HIV infection. Economic factors play a significant role in their entry into sex work. A survey conducted in 2019 found that young female sex workers had a higher HIV prevalence rate compared to older sex workers, and they were less likely to be aware of their HIV status, receive antiretroviral therapy, and achieve viral suppression. This highlights the need for tailored services and interventions to improve access to HIV prevention and treatment for young sex workers.
AIDS CARE-PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIO-MEDICAL ASPECTS OF AIDS/HIV
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mercilene Tanyaradzwa Machisa, Esnat Chirwa, Pinky Mahlangu, Ncediswa Nunze, Yandisa Sikweyiya, Elizabeth Dartnall, Managa Pillay, Rachel Jewkes
Summary: This study examined the prevalence and risk factors for mental health symptoms in a sample of predominantly Black African and female students in South Africa. The findings revealed high rates of binge drinking, depressive symptoms, PTSD symptoms, and suicidal thoughts among the surveyed students. Childhood trauma, food insecurity, other traumatic events, non-partner rape, and intimate partner violence were found to impact mental health outcomes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ilhom Akobirshoev, Anne Valentine, Hussaini Zandam, Allyala Nandakumar, Rachel Jewkes, Mark Blecher, Monika Mitra
Summary: This study examines the association between disability, HIV infection, and intimate partner violence (IPV) among women in South Africa. The results show a significant relationship between HIV infection and IPV in women with disabilities, indicating that they are at higher risk for IPV compared to non-disabled women.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Kim Anh Nguyen, Andre Pascal Kengne, Naeemah Abrahams, Rachel Jewkes, Shibe Mhlongo, Nasheeta Peer
Summary: Childhood maltreatment is associated with hypertension in South African women, with a stronger impact seen in cases of multiple abuse types and severe abuse. The associations are partially mediated by alcohol use, depression, acute stress reactions, and other traumatic exposures.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Subhiya Mastonshoeva, Shahribonu Shonasimova, Parvina Gulyamova, Rachel Jewkes, Nwabisa Shai, Esnat Chirwa, Henri Myrttinen
Summary: This study evaluated the effectiveness of the intervention program Zindagii Shoista in reducing violence against women and girls in Tajikistan. The results showed that the program had significant positive effects, including increased income, improved gender attitudes, reduced harmful gender norms, decreased experience of violence and depressive symptoms, and improved self-rated health for women and men.
GLOBAL HEALTH ACTION
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Rachel Jewkes
Article
Family Studies
Rachel Jewkes, Minja Milovanovic, Kennedy Otwombe, Khuthadzo Hlongwane, Naomi Hill, Venice Mbowane, Glenda Gray, Jenny Coetzee
Summary: To understand the stigma surrounding sex work and its drivers, an analysis was conducted on the South African National Sex Worker Survey using structural equation modelling. The study found that external/enacted and internalized stigma were prevalent among sex workers. Experiences of violence, external/enacted stigma, and food insecurity were major drivers of internalized stigma, impacting mental health. However, perceiving sex work positively provided significant protection against stigma, offering opportunities to change the narrative. Reducing exposure to stigmatizing behavior, ensuring better protection against violence, and ending the criminalization of sex work are crucial for improving the health and well-being of sex workers through specific programs.
CULTURE HEALTH & SEXUALITY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Leane Ramsoomar, Andrew Gibbs, Esnat D. Chirwa, Mercilene T. Machisa, Deda Ogum Alangea, Adolphina Addoley Addo-Lartey, Kristin Dunkle, Rachel Jewkes
Summary: This study found associations between men's poor mental health and their perpetration of intimate partner violence and non-partner sexual violence, as well as the association between women's mental health and their experiences of IPV and NPSV.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
R. Jewkes, A. Gibbs, S. Mkhwanazi, A. Zembe, Z. Khoza, N. Mnandi, L. Washington, S. Khaula, S. Gigaba, J. Nothling, N. Abrahams, S. Willan
Summary: This study investigates the gendered impact of flooding in South Africa, finding that the effects of the floods differ for women and men. The floods significantly increase stress for women, leading to disruption in their homes and lives, while most women do not report an escalation of violence against women. The study also identifies the influence of the floods on men's sense of masculinity, which can lead to violent behaviors.
Correction
Psychology, Clinical
Rachel Jewkes, Shibe Mhlongo, Esnat Chirwa, Soraya Seedat, Bronwyn Myers, Nasheeta Peer, Claudia Garcia-Moreno, Kristin Dunkle, Naeemah Abrahams
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY & PSYCHOTHERAPY
(2022)